INCA INFOTECH TECHNOLOGIES Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.

• The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model

• It helps in understanding how data is transferred from one computer to another

• Each layer has specific functions and interacts with adjacent layers

• Examples of layers include physical layer, data link layer, network layer, etc.

System 16 and System 32 refer to the architecture of operating systems, with System 32 being a 32-bit system and System 16 being a 16-bit system.

• System 32 is a 32-bit operating system, while System 16 is a 16-bit operating system.

• System 32 can handle larger amounts of memory and data compared to System 16.

• System 32 is more advanced and supports newer software and hardware compared to System 16.

• Examples: Windows 95 was ...read more

DHCP is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses to devices within a network. A scope in DHCP defines a range of IP addresses that can be assigned to devices.

• DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

• It allows devices to obtain IP addresses and other network configuration information automatically

• A DHCP scope is a range of IP addresses that can be assigned to devices on a network

• Scopes can al...read more

A switch is a networking device used to connect multiple devices within a network. Manageable switches allow for configuration and monitoring, while non-manageable switches do not.

• Switch is a networking device that connects multiple devices within a network

• Manageable switches allow for configuration and monitoring of network traffic

• Non-manageable switches do not offer configuration options and are plug-and-play

• Examples...read more

Types of networks include LAN, WAN, MAN, WLAN, PAN, CAN, SAN, and VPN.

• LAN (Local Area Network) - small geographical area like a home, office, or building

• WAN (Wide Area Network) - covers large geographical areas like cities or countries

• MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) - spans a city or large campus

• WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) - uses wireless technology for LAN connections

• PAN (Personal Area Network) - connects devic...read more

DHCP is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

• DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

• It allows devices to obtain IP addresses and other network configuration information automatically

• DHCP servers are responsible for assigning and managing IP addresses within a network

• DHCP clients request IP addresses from DHCP servers when they connect to a network

DNS (Domain Name System) translates domain names to IP addresses to enable communication between devices on a network.

• DNS resolves domain names to IP addresses

• DNS uses a hierarchical system of servers to store and distribute domain name information

• DNS records include A records (IPv4 addresses), AAAA records (IPv6 addresses), MX records (mail servers), and more

IPv4 and IPv6 are two different versions of the Internet Protocol used to identify and locate devices on a network.

• IPv4 is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol and uses a 32-bit address scheme.

• IPv6 is the sixth version of the Internet Protocol and uses a 128-bit address scheme.

• IPv4 addresses are written in decimal format, separated by periods (e.g. 192.168.1.1).

• IPv6 addresses are written in hexadecimal format, s...read more

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.

• The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model

• It consists of seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application

• Each layer has specific functions and communicates with the adjacent layers

• The Application layer is the top layer and is r...read more

DNS is used to translate domain names to IP addresses. If internet is not working, check DNS settings, troubleshoot network connection, and contact ISP.

• Check DNS settings to ensure they are configured correctly

• Troubleshoot network connection to identify any issues

• Contact Internet Service Provider (ISP) to check for any outages or problems

• Try using alternative DNS servers like Google DNS (8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4)

Static IP is manually assigned and does not change, while dynamic IP is automatically assigned and can change.

• Static IP is manually configured by a network administrator.

• Dynamic IP is assigned by a DHCP server automatically.

• Static IP is useful for servers, while dynamic IP is common for home networks.

• Static IP provides consistency for services like web hosting, while dynamic IP is more flexible for devices that move be

Private IP addresses are reserved for use within a private network and are not routable on the public internet.

• Private IP addresses are used within a local network to uniquely identify devices.

• They are not accessible from the internet.

• Examples of private IP address ranges include 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 and 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255.

DORA process stands for Discover, Offer, Request, and Acknowledge in DHCP communication.

• Discover: Client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER message to find available DHCP servers.

• Offer: DHCP server responds with a DHCPOFFER message containing IP address lease information.

• Request: Client sends a DHCPREQUEST message to request the offered IP address.

• Acknowledge: DHCP server sends a DHCPACK message to confirm the IP address lease

A computer is an electronic device that processes data to perform various tasks.

• Electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process data

• Consists of hardware components like CPU, memory, storage, and input/output devices

• Runs software programs to execute specific tasks

• Examples include desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones

Printer network port is a physical connection on a printer that allows it to connect to a network for sharing and printing.

• Printer network port can be Ethernet port, USB port, or wireless connection.

• It allows the printer to communicate with other devices on the network.

• Printers can have multiple network ports for different types of connections.

• Examples include Ethernet port for wired connection, USB port for direct con

Data backup is the process of creating copies of data to prevent data loss in case of system failure or disaster.

• Identify critical data to be backed up

• Choose a backup method (full, incremental, differential)

• Select a backup storage location (external hard drive, cloud storage)

• Automate backup process for regular intervals

• Test backups regularly to ensure data integrity

A WiFi MAC address is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on a WiFi network.

• WiFi MAC address stands for Media Access Control address

• It is a 12-digit hexadecimal number (e.g. 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E)

• It is used to identify devices on a WiFi network

DHCP IP is a dynamic IP address assigned by a DHCP server to devices on a network.

• DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

• DHCP server assigns IP addresses to devices on a network

• DHCP IP addresses are temporary and can change

• DHCP helps in managing IP addresses efficiently

AD is Active Directory used for managing network resources, DHCP assigns IP addresses, Group Policy controls user settings, BIOS is firmware for hardware, Outlook backup saves emails.

• AD (Active Directory) is a directory service used for managing network resources such as computers, users, and printers.

• DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) assigns IP addresses to devices on a network automatically.

• Group Policy is u...read more