Genpact Devops Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Explain the Role and Functionality of the Control Plane Components in Kubernetes.
Ans. 
Control plane components in Kubernetes manage the cluster and make decisions about the state of the cluster.
• Control Manager: Ensures that the desired state of the cluster matches the actual state.

• Scheduler: Assigns workloads to nodes based on resource availability and constraints.

• API Server: Acts as the front-end for the Kubernetes control plane and is the primary interface for users and other components.

• etcd: Consiste...read more
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Q2. How Would You Implement Zero-Downtime Deployments in Kubernetes?
Ans. 
Implementing zero-downtime deployments in Kubernetes involves using rolling updates and readiness probes.
• Use rolling updates to gradually replace old pods with new ones

• Configure readiness probes to ensure new pods are ready before routing traffic to them

• Utilize tools like Helm for managing releases and versioning
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Q1. How Can You Ensure High Availability of the etcd Cluster Used by Kubernetes?
Ans. 
To ensure high availability of the etcd cluster used by Kubernetes, you can implement redundancy, monitoring, and disaster recovery strategies.
• Implement a multi-node etcd cluster to ensure redundancy and fault tolerance.

• Utilize monitoring tools like Prometheus and Grafana to track the health and performance of the etcd cluster.

• Set up regular backups and implement disaster recovery plans to quickly recover from failures...read more
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Q2. How Would You Approach Capacity Planning for a Kubernetes Cluster?
Ans. 
Capacity planning for a Kubernetes cluster involves analyzing resource usage, predicting future needs, and scaling infrastructure accordingly.
• Monitor resource usage of pods and nodes using tools like Prometheus and Grafana

• Analyze historical data to identify trends and patterns in resource consumption

• Estimate future resource requirements based on application growth and workload changes

• Scale the cluster by adding or remo...read more
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Q1. What is devops?
Ans. 
DevOps is a software development methodology that combines software development (Dev) with IT operations (Ops) to improve collaboration and efficiency.
• DevOps focuses on automating and streamlining the software development process.

• It emphasizes communication and collaboration between development and operations teams.

• DevOps aims to shorten the development lifecycle and provide continuous delivery of high-quality software...read more
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Q2. How to handle devops operations?
Ans. 
Devops operations involve managing the development and deployment of software applications.
• Automate repetitive tasks to improve efficiency

• Use version control systems like Git for tracking changes

• Implement continuous integration and continuous deployment pipelines

• Monitor system performance and troubleshoot issues proactively
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Q1. What is the difference between devops and sre?
Ans. 
DevOps focuses on collaboration between development and operations teams, while SRE focuses on reliability and scalability of systems.
• DevOps is a cultural and organizational practice that emphasizes collaboration and communication between development and operations teams.

• SRE (Site Reliability Engineering) is a specific role within an organization that focuses on ensuring the reliability, scalability, and performance of...read more
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Q2. How is the devops important?
Ans. 
DevOps is important for streamlining software development and deployment processes.
• DevOps helps in automating manual tasks, increasing efficiency and reducing errors.

• It promotes collaboration between development and operations teams, leading to faster delivery of software.

• DevOps enables continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines, ensuring rapid and reliable software releases.

• It improves overall so...read more
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Q1. Questions on Docker
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Q1. What are roles in ansible
Ans. 
Roles in Ansible are a way to group tasks, handlers, variables, and other related files together for easier management and reuse.
• Roles help in organizing and structuring Ansible playbooks

• They promote reusability and modularity

• Roles can be shared and reused across different playbooks

• Each role typically consists of directories like tasks, handlers, templates, vars, etc.

• Roles can be installed using Ansible Galaxy
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Q2. How do you give admin permissions to run your playbook
Ans. 
To give admin permissions to run a playbook, you can use sudo or grant specific permissions in the sudoers file.
• Grant sudo access to the user running the playbook

• Add the user to the sudoers file with specific permissions

• Use ansible_become to run tasks with elevated privileges
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Q3. How can you add a plugin in Jenkins manually
Ans. 
To add a plugin in Jenkins manually, you can download the plugin file and upload it through the Jenkins web interface.
• Download the desired plugin file from the Jenkins website or other sources.

• Navigate to the Jenkins dashboard and click on 'Manage Jenkins'.

• Select 'Manage Plugins' and go to the 'Advanced' tab.

• Choose the 'Upload Plugin' option and select the downloaded plugin file.

• Click 'Upload' and restart Jenkins to ap
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Aptitude was mix of questions from logical reasoning, english grammar to simple numerical problems.

Q1. Questions were regarding projects done.
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Q1. What happen when the sonarqube fails in jenkins
Ans. 
When SonarQube fails in Jenkins, the code quality analysis will not be performed and potential issues in the code will not be identified.
• SonarQube plugin in Jenkins will report a failure in the build job

• Developers will not receive feedback on code quality issues

• Quality gates will not be enforced, allowing potentially problematic code to be merged

• Manual code reviews may need to be conducted to ensure code quality
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Q2. Challenges you faced in build environment
Ans. 
Managing dependencies, version control issues, inconsistent environments
• Dealing with conflicting dependencies causing build failures

• Ensuring consistent environment across development, testing, and production

• Resolving version control conflicts and ensuring code is up-to-date

• Handling build failures due to outdated or missing dependencies

• Managing build tools and configurations for different projects
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Q1. Explain in detail the architecture , real time use case of containers and how do we manage or orchestrate them. explain dockerfile commands, docker-compose, kubernetes yaml file contents, kubernetes deploy...read more
Ans. 
Containers are lightweight, portable, and isolated environments that package applications and their dependencies.
• Containers are instances of images that include the application and all its dependencies, allowing for easy deployment and scaling.

• Docker is a popular containerization platform that uses Dockerfiles to define the image build process.

• Docker-compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker app...read more
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Q2. Explain continuous integration through Jenkins
Ans. 
Continuous integration through Jenkins involves automating the build and testing process to ensure code changes are integrated frequently.
• Jenkins is a popular CI/CD tool used for automating the build, test, and deployment process.

• Developers commit code changes to a shared repository multiple times a day.

• Jenkins automatically triggers a build process whenever new code is committed.

• The build process includes compiling th...read more
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Q1. Explain Azure DevOps end to end right from git to deployment
Ans. 
Azure DevOps is a comprehensive platform for managing the software development lifecycle, from version control to deployment.
• Azure DevOps includes tools for version control (Git), continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD), project management, and collaboration.

• Developers can use Git repositories in Azure DevOps to manage their source code, track changes, and collaborate with team members.

• Azure Pipelines in A...read more
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Q1. Commands for Ansible, Terraform, Docker, Kubernetes, Linux
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