ESAF Small Finance Bank Credit Officer Interview Questions and Answers

Leverage ratios assess a company's debt levels relative to its equity and assets, indicating financial risk and stability.

• Debt-to-Equity Ratio: Measures total debt relative to shareholders' equity. A ratio above 1 indicates more debt than equity.

• Debt Ratio: Total debt divided by total assets. A higher ratio suggests higher financial risk, e.g., 0.6 means 60% of assets are financed by debt.

• Equity Ratio: Shareholders' eq...read more

Fixed costs remain constant regardless of production, while variable costs fluctuate with output levels.

• Fixed Costs: Expenses that do not change with production volume, e.g., rent, salaries.

• Variable Costs: Expenses that vary directly with production volume, e.g., raw materials, direct labor.

• Examples of Fixed Costs: Insurance premiums, property taxes, and equipment depreciation.

• Examples of Variable Costs: Utilities base...read more

Handling HL and LAP products requires thorough knowledge of credit policies, risk assessment, and customer profiling.

• Understand the credit policies and guidelines of the organization

• Conduct a thorough risk assessment of the borrower and collateral

• Profile the customer to understand their financial background and repayment capacity

• Ensure timely disbursement and monitoring of the loan

• Maintain regular communication with th...read more

Housing loan is for purchasing or constructing a house, while mortgage loan is secured by a property as collateral.

• Housing loan is used for buying or building a house, while mortgage loan can be used for any purpose but is secured by a property as collateral.

• Housing loan is typically for a longer term and has lower interest rates than mortgage loan.

• Mortgage loan can be used to refinance an existing loan or to consolida...read more

Individuals with stable income, good credit score, and sufficient collateral are eligible for housing, mortgage, and other loans.

• Stable income is a key factor in loan eligibility

• Good credit score indicates creditworthiness and repayment capability

• Sufficient collateral provides security to the lender

• Other factors such as age, employment history, and debt-to-income ratio may also be considered

• Examples of collateral inclu...read more

Underwriting is the process of evaluating the risk of lending money to a borrower.

• Underwriting involves analyzing the borrower's creditworthiness, financial history, and ability to repay the loan.

• The underwriter also assesses the value of the collateral, if any, that the borrower is offering to secure the loan.

• Based on this analysis, the underwriter decides whether to approve or deny the loan, and what terms and condit...read more

To calculate income for a customer not filing income tax return in business class, alternative methods can be used.

• Review bank statements and financial records to identify income sources and patterns

• Consider industry benchmarks and market research to estimate income

• Assess the customer's assets, investments, and property ownership to determine potential income

• Analyze the customer's business expenses and profit margins t...read more

The LTV ratio as per RBI norms varies based on the type of loan and collateral.

• For home loans up to Rs. 75 lakh, the LTV ratio is 90%

• For loans above Rs. 75 lakh, the LTV ratio is 80%

• For loans against gold jewellery, the LTV ratio is 75%

• For loans against fixed deposits, the LTV ratio is 90%

• The LTV ratio is the ratio of the loan amount to the value of the collateral

• RBI periodically reviews and revises the LTV ratio norms

PD for street shops can be conducted through a combination of on-site visits, financial analysis, and market research.

• Conduct on-site visits to observe the shop's location, foot traffic, and overall appearance.

• Analyze the shop's financial statements, including income statements and balance sheets.

• Research the local market to understand competition and demand for the shop's products or services.

• Consider the shop owner's...read more

The income of a Kirana shopkeeper can be accessed through various methods.

• One can ask for the shop's financial statements and tax returns.

• One can also observe the shop's daily sales and estimate the income.

• Additionally, one can ask for references from suppliers or other business partners.

• Finally, one can conduct a credit check to determine the shop's creditworthiness.

• It is important to respect the shopkeeper's privacy ...read more

The income of a pandit can be calculated based on their profession and the services they provide.

• Calculate the fees charged by the pandit for various services like performing puja, conducting rituals, etc.

• Consider the number of clients the pandit serves in a month or year.

• Take into account any additional income sources like teaching or writing books on Hinduism.

• Compare the income with the average income of pandits in t...read more

CIBIL is a credit information company that maintains credit records of individuals and companies.

• CIBIL stands for Credit Information Bureau (India) Limited.

• It maintains credit records of individuals and companies, including their credit history, credit score, and creditworthiness.

• The credit score ranges from 300 to 900, with a higher score indicating better creditworthiness.

• Lenders use CIBIL reports to evaluate the cre...read more

The main thing in any valuation and technical report is accuracy.

• Accuracy is crucial in any valuation and technical report.

• The report should be based on reliable data and calculations.

• The report should be free from errors and inconsistencies.

• The report should be able to provide a clear and concise picture of the subject being evaluated.

• For example, in a credit report, accuracy is important in determining the creditwort...read more

The legal report mandatory for EM creation is the credit report.

• The credit report is a detailed summary of an individual's credit history and financial behavior.

• It includes information on credit accounts, payment history, outstanding debts, bankruptcies, and other financial data.

• Lenders use credit reports to assess the creditworthiness of a borrower and determine the risk of lending money to them.

• The credit report is m...read more

13 years flow is mandatory for any legal report to ensure accuracy and completeness of information.

• The 13-year time frame is based on the statute of limitations for most legal claims.

• It allows for a comprehensive review of the borrower's credit history and financial behavior.

• It also helps to identify any patterns or trends in the borrower's creditworthiness.

• Examples of legal reports that require a 13-year flow include ...read more

Incumbrance refers to a claim or lien on a property, while CERSAI is a central registry for security interests on movable assets.

• Incumbrance can be in the form of a mortgage, a lien, or a charge on a property.

• CERSAI stands for Central Registry of Securitisation Asset Reconstruction and Security Interest of India.

• CERSAI is a government-owned company that maintains a central registry of security interests on movable asse...read more