Elements Interview Questions and Answers

C++ is an extension of C with object-oriented programming features.

• C++ supports classes and objects while C does not.

• C++ has better support for polymorphism and inheritance.

• C++ has a standard template library (STL) which C does not have.

• C++ allows function overloading while C does not.

• C++ has exception handling while C does not.

For loop is used for iterating over a sequence while while loop is used for iterating until a condition is met.

• For loop is used when the number of iterations is known beforehand

• While loop is used when the number of iterations is not known beforehand

• For loop is faster than while loop for iterating over a sequence

• While loop is useful for iterating until a specific condition is met

• For loop can be used with range() functio...read more

To reverse a string without using any looping and inbuilt functions, we can use recursion.

• Create a function that takes a string as input.

• If the length of the string is 0 or 1, return the string.

• Otherwise, call the function recursively with the substring starting from the second character and concatenate the first character at the end.

• Return the reversed string.

• Example: reverseString('hello') returns 'olleh'.

A priority queue can be implemented using a single queue or multiple queues.

• One approach is to use a single queue and assign priorities to elements using a separate data structure.

• Another approach is to use multiple queues, each representing a different priority level.

• For example, if there are three priority levels, three queues can be used to implement the priority queue.

An array of objects can be used to implement a heterogeneous array.

• Each element in the array can be an object that represents a different data type.

• The objects can have different properties and methods based on their respective data types.

• For example, an element can be an object representing a string with a 'value' property and a 'length' method.

Developed a web-based inventory management system for a retail company.

• Used HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the front-end development.

• Implemented a RESTful API using Node.js and Express for the back-end.

• Utilized a MySQL database to store and manage inventory data.

• Implemented features like product search, order management, and reporting.

• Ensured data security and user authentication using encryption and JWT.

• Collaborated wi...read more

The missing rupee is not actually missing. The calculation is misleading and does not account for the total amount paid.

• The initial amount paid by each person was Rs.10, totaling Rs.30.

• The owner gave them a discount of Rs.5, so they paid Rs.25 in total.

• The broker took Rs.2, leaving them with Rs.23.

• When the broker returned Rs.1 to each person, they each received Rs.1 back, totaling Rs.3.

• So, the total amount paid by the ...read more

Inheritance in Java allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Inheritance is achieved using the 'extends' keyword.

• The class that is being inherited from is called the superclass or parent class.

• The class that inherits from the superclass is called the subclass or child class.

• Subclasses can access the public and protected members of the superclass.

• Inheritance promotes code reusability and allow...read more

A program to check if a given number is a palindrome or not.

• Convert the number to a string.

• Reverse the string and compare it with the original string.

• If they are equal, the number is a palindrome.

• If not, the number is not a palindrome.

Normalisation is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• It involves breaking down a table into smaller tables and defining relationships between them.

• Normalization helps to eliminate data inconsistencies and anomalies.

• There are different levels of normalization, with each level having specific rules to follow.

• For example, first normal form (1NF) requires that each t...read more

Yes, I am ready to relocate anywhere in India or outside upon company needs.

• I am open to exploring new locations and cultures.

• I understand that relocation may be necessary for career growth and opportunities.

• I am adaptable and willing to adjust to new environments.

• I have experience working in diverse teams and can easily integrate into new settings.

I would be ready to accept a project in Java even if I was trained in DotNet earlier.

• I have a strong foundation in programming principles and concepts, which can be applied to any language.

• I am confident in my ability to quickly learn and adapt to new technologies.

• I have experience working with multiple programming languages and frameworks.

• I can leverage my knowledge of DotNet to understand similar concepts in Java.

• I a...read more

I want to join Sapient because of its reputation for innovative projects and collaborative work environment.

• Sapient is known for working on cutting-edge projects that push the boundaries of technology

• I value the collaborative work environment at Sapient, where team members support each other to achieve success

• I am impressed by Sapient's commitment to professional development and growth opportunities for employees

My expectations from Sapient

• I expect Sapient to provide a challenging and innovative work environment

• I expect Sapient to offer opportunities for professional growth and learning

• I expect Sapient to have a collaborative and supportive team culture

• I expect Sapient to provide competitive compensation and benefits

• I expect Sapient to have a strong focus on quality and delivering excellent software solutions

C is a procedural programming language while C++ is an object-oriented programming language.

• C is a low-level language while C++ is a high-level language.

• C++ supports object-oriented programming concepts like classes, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• C++ has better support for exception handling and templates.

• C++ is more complex than C and requires more memory.

• C++ is used for developing applications like video games, while...read more

A class is a blueprint for creating objects that have similar attributes and behaviors.

• Classes are used in object-oriented programming.

• They define the properties and methods that objects of that class will have.

• Objects are instances of a class.

• Classes can inherit properties and methods from other classes.

• Examples of classes include 'Person', 'Car', and 'Animal'.

An object is a self-contained entity that contains data and behavior.

• An object is an instance of a class.

• It has attributes (data) and methods (behavior).

• Objects can interact with each other through their methods.

• Examples include a car object with attributes like color and model, and methods like start and stop.

• Another example is a person object with attributes like name and age, and methods like walk and talk.

A variable that is associated with a class rather than with instances of the class.

• Static variables are declared using the static keyword.

• They are initialized only once, at the start of the program execution.

• They retain their value throughout the program's execution.

• They can be accessed without creating an instance of the class.

• Example: public static int count = 0;

Static variables have local scope but retain their value between function calls, while global variables have global scope.

• Static variables are declared inside a function and retain their value between function calls

• Global variables are declared outside of any function and can be accessed from any part of the program

• Static variables have local scope, while global variables have global scope

• Static variables are initializ...read more

Pointers are variables that store memory addresses of other variables.

• Pointers allow for dynamic memory allocation and manipulation.

• They are commonly used in programming languages like C and C++.

• Example: int *ptr; // declares a pointer to an integer variable

• Example: ptr = # // assigns the memory address of num to ptr

• Example: *ptr = 5; // assigns the value 5 to the variable pointed to by ptr

Structures are arrangements of elements that form a framework or framework-like support.

• Structures can be found in various fields such as engineering, architecture, and biology.

• They can be made of different materials such as steel, wood, or bone.

• Examples include bridges, buildings, and the skeletal system.

• Structures can be designed to withstand different types of forces such as compression, tension, or bending.

A stack is a data structure that follows the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle.

• Push: adds an element to the top of the stack

• Pop: removes the top element from the stack

• Peek: returns the top element without removing it

• IsEmpty: checks if the stack is empty

• Size: returns the number of elements in the stack

Three steps for using functions in C.

• Declare the function with its return type, name, and parameters.

• Define the function by writing the code for it.

• Call the function by using its name and passing arguments if necessary.

The limit for the number of arguments passed to functions is not fixed. Arrays or structures can be used to pass more parameters.

• The limit for the number of arguments passed to functions is not fixed and depends on the programming language and system architecture.

• In C programming language, there is no limit on the number of arguments that can be passed to a function.

• In Java, the maximum number of arguments that can be ...read more

A union is an organization formed by workers to protect their rights and interests in the workplace.

• Unions negotiate with employers for better wages, benefits, and working conditions.

• They also provide support and representation for workers in disputes with management.

• Membership in a union is voluntary, but members pay dues to support the union's activities.

• Unions can be industry-specific, such as the United Auto Worker...read more

if else is used for simple conditions while switch case is used for multiple conditions.

• if else is a sequential decision-making statement while switch case is a multi-branch decision-making statement

• if else is used when there are only a few conditions to be checked while switch case is used when there are multiple conditions to be checked

• if else can have multiple conditions in a single statement while switch case can o...read more

Member functions are functions that are defined inside a class and can access the class's private and protected members.

• Member functions are also known as methods.

• They can be used to manipulate the data members of an object.

• They can be overloaded, meaning multiple functions with the same name but different parameters can exist within a class.

• They can be declared as const, meaning they do not modify the object's state.

• E...read more

Find the output of c=++a+b-- where a=5 and b=4.

• The value of a is incremented by 1 before the addition operation

• The value of b is decremented by 1 after the addition operation

• The final value of c is 10

• The value of a becomes 6 and the value of b becomes 3

10 plants can be planted in 5 rows with 4 plants in each row.

• Divide the plants into groups of 4.

• Arrange the groups in 5 rows.

• Each row will have 4 plants.

Exceptions handling is a mechanism to handle runtime errors in Java programs.

• Exceptions are objects that are thrown at runtime when an error occurs

• Java provides try-catch-finally blocks to handle exceptions

• Checked exceptions must be handled or declared in the method signature

• Unchecked exceptions can be handled or left unhandled

• Custom exceptions can be created by extending the Exception class

I have experience in project management, data analysis, and consulting across various industries.

• Managed multiple projects simultaneously, ensuring timely delivery and client satisfaction

• Analyzed data to identify trends and provide insights for clients

• Consulted with clients to develop and implement strategies for growth and efficiency

• Worked with clients in industries such as healthcare, finance, and retail

• Collaborated ...read more

To gain experience in consulting and develop skills in project management, team leadership, and client relations.

• Gain experience in consulting

• Develop skills in project management

• Develop skills in team leadership

• Develop skills in client relations

I am a software developer with experience in various programming languages and frameworks.

• Proficient in Java, C++, and Python

• Familiar with web development using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

• Experience with database management systems such as MySQL and MongoDB

• Strong problem-solving and analytical skills

• Worked on projects involving machine learning and artificial intelligence

Method overloading is having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. Method overriding is having a subclass method with the same name and parameters as a superclass method.

• Method overloading is used to provide different ways of calling the same method with different parameters.

• Method overriding is used to provide a specific implementation of a method in a subclass that is already defined in the su...read more

Switch case is used for multiple conditions while if else is used for binary conditions.

• Switch case is faster than if else for multiple conditions.

• If else can handle complex conditions while switch case cannot.

• Switch case can only compare values of the same data type.

• If else can handle null values while switch case cannot.

• Example: switch (day) { case 1: console.log('Monday'); break; case 2: console.log('Tuesday'); brea...read more

Interface and abstract class are both used for abstraction in object-oriented programming.

• An interface is a collection of abstract methods that define a contract for a class to implement.

• An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and may contain abstract methods.

• Interfaces are used to achieve multiple inheritance in Java.

• Abstract classes can have non-abstract methods and instance variables.

• An example of a...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.

• It allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they were objects of the same class.

• It is achieved through method overriding and method overloading.

• Example: A shape class can have multiple subclasses like circle, square, etc. and all can be treated as shapes.

• Example: A method can have different implementations in different classes but with the sa

Inheritance is a mechanism in object-oriented programming where a new class is created by inheriting properties of an existing class.

• Inheritance allows code reusability and saves time and effort in writing new code.

• The existing class is called the parent or base class, and the new class is called the child or derived class.

• The child class inherits all the properties and methods of the parent class and can also add its ...read more

Default case in switch case statement

• Default case is executed when no other case matches the switch expression

• It is optional and can be placed anywhere in the switch statement

• It is often used to handle unexpected input or errors

• It should always be the last case in the switch statement

I am a passionate software developer with a strong background in web development and a love for problem-solving.

• Experienced in HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and various web development frameworks

• Proficient in backend development using languages like Java, Python, and Node.js

• Familiar with database management systems such as MySQL and MongoDB

• Strong problem-solving skills and ability to work well in a team environment

I tend to get overly focused on details, which can sometimes slow down my progress.

• I have a tendency to spend too much time on perfecting small details

• I sometimes struggle with prioritizing tasks due to my focus on details

• I am working on improving my time management skills to balance detail-oriented work with efficiency

Yes, I have received offers from two other companies.

• Received offers from Company A and Company B

• Currently evaluating all offers to make an informed decision

• Considering factors like company culture, growth opportunities, and compensation

I would like to join Google because of their innovative projects and work culture.

• Google is known for its cutting-edge technology and innovative projects.

• They have a strong focus on employee well-being and work-life balance.

• Google offers opportunities for career growth and development.

• The company has a diverse and inclusive work culture.

• Google is a leader in the tech industry with a global presence.

Yes, I have worked in multiple teams in various projects.

• Worked in a team of developers to create a new software application

• Collaborated with designers, testers, and project managers to meet project deadlines

• Participated in daily stand-up meetings to discuss progress and roadblocks

Yes, they are similar.

• All 8 metal balls are of the same material.

• They have the same size and weight.

• They have the same physical properties.

• They are interchangeable in any given situation.

I am a recent graduate with a degree in Computer Science and a passion for coding and problem-solving.

• Graduated with a degree in Computer Science

• Passionate about coding and problem-solving

• Completed internships in software development

• Familiar with programming languages like Java, Python, and C++

My strengths include problem-solving skills and attention to detail. My weaknesses include public speaking and time management.

• Strengths: problem-solving skills

• Strengths: attention to detail

• Weaknesses: public speaking

• Weaknesses: time management

I am opting for CGI because of their reputation for providing challenging projects and opportunities for growth.

• CGI is known for offering challenging projects that will help me enhance my skills and knowledge.

• I am interested in working with a diverse range of clients and industries, which CGI can provide.

• CGI's emphasis on professional development and training programs align with my career goals.

• I believe CGI's collabor...read more

I have completed internships at two different software companies, where I gained hands-on experience in software development and learned about different programming languages and technologies.

• Internship at Company A involved working on a web application using Java and Spring framework

• Internship at Company B focused on mobile app development using React Native and Firebase

• Both internships provided me with valuable exper...read more

I handle stress by practicing mindfulness, taking breaks, and seeking support from colleagues.

• Practicing mindfulness through meditation and deep breathing exercises

• Taking short breaks to clear my mind and recharge

• Seeking support from colleagues or mentors to discuss challenges and brainstorm solutions

I have a strong technical background, excellent problem-solving skills, and a passion for software development.

• I have a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science with a focus on software engineering.

• I have completed multiple internships where I gained hands-on experience in developing software applications.

• I have a proven track record of successfully completing projects on time and exceeding expectations.

Yes, I am open to relocating for the interest of the company.

• I am willing to relocate for career growth opportunities

• I understand the importance of being flexible for the company's needs

• I have relocated for previous job opportunities and have adapted well to new environments

I am a recent graduate with a degree in Computer Science and a passion for coding and problem-solving.

• Graduated with a degree in Computer Science

• Passionate about coding and problem-solving

• Completed internships in software development

• Proficient in programming languages like Java, Python, and C++

CGI is a leading global IT and business consulting services firm.

• CGI has a strong reputation in the industry for delivering high-quality software solutions.

• CGI offers a wide range of opportunities for career growth and development.

• CGI has a diverse and inclusive work culture that fosters collaboration and innovation.

• CGI has a global presence, providing exposure to international projects and clients.

• CGI values employee ...read more

The company is a leading software development firm specializing in creating innovative solutions for various industries.

• Specializes in creating innovative software solutions

• Works with clients from various industries

• Known for high-quality and reliable products

• Has a strong team of software engineers and developers

My motivation stems from my passion for problem-solving and creating innovative solutions.

• Passion for problem-solving drives me to constantly seek new challenges

• Desire to create innovative solutions that improve efficiency and user experience

• Inspiration from successful projects and positive feedback from users

In five years, I see myself as a senior software engineer leading a team of developers on innovative projects.

• Continuing to enhance my technical skills through ongoing learning and certifications

• Taking on more leadership responsibilities within the team

• Contributing to the development of cutting-edge software solutions

• Mentoring junior team members to help them grow in their careers

I am a software engineer with experience in Java and Python.

• I have a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science.

• I have worked on projects involving web development and data analysis.

• I am passionate about learning new technologies and solving complex problems.

• I am a team player and enjoy collaborating with others to achieve common goals.

My strengths include problem-solving, adaptability, and teamwork. My weaknesses include public speaking and time management.

• Strengths: problem-solving, adaptability, teamwork

• Examples: I have experience in solving complex coding problems, I am able to adapt to new technologies quickly, I work well in a team environment

• Weaknesses: public speaking, time management

• Examples: I struggle with presenting in front of large grou...read more

I am opting for CGI because of their reputation in the industry and the opportunities they offer for growth and learning.

• CGI has a strong reputation in the industry for providing quality services to clients

• CGI offers a wide range of opportunities for growth and learning, including training programs and mentorship

• I am excited about the chance to work with a diverse group of professionals and learn from their experiences

• ...read more

I have completed internships at two different software companies.

• Internship at Company A involved developing a web application using Java and Spring framework.

• Internship at Company B focused on mobile app development using React Native.

• Both internships provided hands-on experience with software development lifecycle and teamwork.

I handle stress by prioritizing tasks, taking breaks, and seeking support when needed.

• I prioritize tasks and focus on the most important ones first

• I take breaks to clear my mind and recharge

• I seek support from colleagues or supervisors when necessary

• I practice mindfulness and meditation to manage stress

• I maintain a healthy work-life balance to prevent burnout

I have a strong technical background, a passion for problem-solving, and a proven track record of delivering high-quality software solutions.

• I have a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science and relevant internship experience.

• I excel in programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++.

• I have successfully completed projects that required complex problem-solving skills, such as developing a mobile application for a local

Yes, I am open to relocating for the company if required.

• I am willing to relocate for the right opportunity and growth.

• I understand the importance of being flexible and adaptable in the tech industry.

• I have relocated for previous job opportunities and have had positive experiences.

• I am excited about the possibility of exploring new locations and cultures.

I am a dedicated and passionate software engineer with experience in developing web applications.

• I have a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science.

• I have worked on projects using technologies such as Java, Python, and JavaScript.

• I am skilled in front-end development using React and Angular.

• I have experience working in Agile development environments.

• I am a quick learner and enjoy working in a team environment.

CGI is a leading global IT and business consulting services firm.

• CGI has a strong reputation in the industry for delivering high-quality software solutions.

• CGI offers a wide range of opportunities for career growth and development.

• CGI has a global presence, allowing for exposure to diverse projects and clients.

• CGI values innovation and encourages employees to think creatively.

• CGI provides a supportive and collaborative

The company is a leading software development firm specializing in creating innovative solutions for various industries.

• The company was founded in 2005 and has since grown to become a key player in the software development industry.

• They have a strong focus on creating cutting-edge solutions for clients in industries such as healthcare, finance, and retail.

• The company values innovation, teamwork, and customer satisfacti...read more

My motivation is to constantly learn and improve my skills while contributing to the success of the team and the company.

• I am driven by the desire to learn and grow professionally

• I am motivated by the opportunity to work with a talented team and contribute to the success of the company

• I am passionate about technology and enjoy solving complex problems

• I am motivated by the satisfaction of seeing my work make a positive ...read more

In five years, I see myself as a senior software engineer, leading a team of developers to create innovative solutions.

• Continuing to learn and grow my skills in software development

• Taking on more responsibility and leadership roles

• Contributing to the success of the company through my work

• Mentoring and guiding junior developers

• Staying up-to-date with the latest technologies and trends in the industry

Examples of OOP concepts include inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation.

• Inheritance: A child class inherits properties and methods from a parent class.

• Polymorphism: Objects of different classes can be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• Encapsulation: Data and methods are bundled together in a class, hiding internal details.

Different SQL queries are used to retrieve, manipulate, and manage data in a relational database.

• SELECT query: retrieves data from one or more tables

• INSERT query: inserts new data into a table

• UPDATE query: modifies existing data in a table

• DELETE query: removes data from a table

• JOIN query: combines data from multiple tables based on a related column

• GROUP BY query: groups data based on a specific column

• ORDER BY query: so...read more

A program on file handling is a software that allows users to create, read, update, and delete files on a computer system.

• File handling involves operations such as opening, closing, reading, writing, and deleting files.

• File handling can be done using various programming languages such as C, C++, Java, Python, etc.

• Examples of file handling operations include creating a new file, reading data from a file, writing data to...read more

I am a recent graduate with a degree in Computer Science and a passion for software development.

• Recent graduate with a degree in Computer Science

• Passionate about software development

• Experience with programming languages like Java and Python

In 5 years, I see myself as a senior software engineer leading a team of developers on innovative projects.

• Advancing to a senior software engineer role

• Leading a team of developers on projects

• Working on innovative and challenging projects

• Continuing to learn and grow in the field

My weakness is overthinking and my strength is attention to detail.

• Weakness: tend to overthink situations, which can lead to indecision

• Strength: strong attention to detail, ensuring accuracy in work

• Weakness: difficulty delegating tasks, preferring to do everything myself

• Strength: quick learner, able to pick up new technologies and concepts easily