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30+ AU Small Finance Bank Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 19 Oct 2024
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Q1. Why is Java considered platform independent, while the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is platform dependent?
Ans.

Java is platform independent because it compiles code into bytecode that can run on any system with a JVM, which is platform dependent.

  • Java code is compiled into bytecode, which is platform independent

  • The JVM interprets the bytecode and translates it into machine code specific to the underlying platform

  • This allows Java programs to run on any system with a JVM installed, making Java platform independent

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Q2. Write program to count frequencyOfChars(String inputStr) ex. abbcddda a:2 b:2 c:1 d:3 Write program to isPowerOf3(int n) ex. 3->true 27->true 30->false Write SQL query of Emp (emp_id, name) Country Sal (emp_id,...

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Ans.

Programs to count frequency of characters in a string, check if a number is power of 3, and SQL query to get highest salary employees by country.

  • For frequencyOfChars, use a HashMap to store character counts and iterate through the string.

  • For isPowerOf3, keep dividing the number by 3 until it becomes 1 or not divisible by 3.

  • For SQL query, use a subquery to get max salary for each country and join with Emp table.

  • Example SQL query: SELECT e1.* FROM Emp e1 JOIN (SELECT Country, M...read more

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Q3. What command can be run to import a pre-exported Docker image into another Docker host?
Ans.

The command to import a pre-exported Docker image into another Docker host is 'docker load'

  • Use the 'docker load' command followed by the file path of the exported image tarball to import it into the Docker host

  • For example, 'docker load < my_image.tar.gz' will import the image from the file 'my_image.tar.gz'

  • Ensure that you have the necessary permissions to access the file and import images on the target Docker host

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Q4. Can you explain the SOLID principles in Object-Oriented Design?
Ans.

SOLID principles are a set of five design principles in object-oriented programming to make software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable.

  • S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.

  • O - Open/Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.

  • L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without affecting the prog...read more

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Q5. What are the most commonly used instructions in a Dockerfile?
Ans.

The most commonly used instructions in a Dockerfile include FROM, RUN, COPY, and CMD.

  • FROM: Specifies the base image for the container

  • RUN: Executes commands in the container

  • COPY: Copies files and directories from the host to the container

  • CMD: Specifies the default command to run when the container starts

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Q6. Can you differentiate between ArrayList and Vector in Java?
Ans.

ArrayList is non-synchronized and faster, while Vector is synchronized and slower.

  • ArrayList is not synchronized, while Vector is synchronized.

  • ArrayList is faster than Vector due to lack of synchronization.

  • Vector is thread-safe, while ArrayList is not.

  • Example: ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); Vector<String> vector = new Vector<>();

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Q7. What does the @SpringBootApplication annotation do internally?
Ans.

The @SpringBootApplication annotation is used to mark a class as a Spring Boot application.

  • It combines @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration, and @ComponentScan annotations.

  • It enables the auto-configuration feature of Spring Boot.

  • It starts the Spring application context, which is the core of the Spring Framework.

  • It scans the current package and its sub-packages for components to register.

  • It serves as the entry point of the Spring Boot application.

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Q8. What are the basic annotations that Spring Boot offers?
Ans.

Spring Boot offers basic annotations for various functionalities like mapping requests, handling exceptions, defining beans, etc.

  • 1. @RestController - Used to define RESTful web services.

  • 2. @RequestMapping - Maps HTTP requests to handler methods.

  • 3. @Autowired - Injects dependencies into a Spring bean.

  • 4. @Component - Indicates a class is a Spring component.

  • 5. @Service - Indicates a class is a service component.

  • 6. @Repository - Indicates a class is a repository component.

  • 7. @Con...read more

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Q9. Can you describe the lifecycle of a Docker container?
Ans.

The lifecycle of a Docker container involves creation, running, pausing, restarting, and stopping.

  • 1. Creation: A Docker container is created from a Docker image using the 'docker run' command.

  • 2. Running: The container is started and runs the specified application or service.

  • 3. Pausing: The container can be paused using the 'docker pause' command, which temporarily halts its processes.

  • 4. Restarting: The container can be restarted using the 'docker restart' command, which stops...read more

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Q10. What is difference between abstract class and interface.

Ans.

Abstract class can have implementation while interface only has method signatures.

  • Abstract class can have constructors while interface cannot.

  • A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.

  • Abstract class can have non-public members while interface only has public members.

  • Abstract class is used for creating a base class while interface is used for implementing a contract.

  • Example of abstract class: Animal (with abstract method 'makeSound'...read more

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Q11. What are the advantages of using Packages in Java?
Ans.

Packages in Java help organize code, prevent naming conflicts, and provide access control.

  • Organizes code into logical groups for easier maintenance and readability

  • Prevents naming conflicts by allowing classes with the same name to coexist in different packages

  • Provides access control by using access modifiers like public, private, protected, and default

  • Facilitates reusability by allowing classes in one package to be accessed by classes in another package using import statement

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Q12. Why are Java Strings immutable in nature?
Ans.

Java Strings are immutable to ensure thread safety, security, and optimization.

  • Immutable strings prevent accidental changes, ensuring data integrity.

  • String pool optimization reduces memory usage by reusing common strings.

  • Thread safety is guaranteed as strings cannot be modified concurrently.

  • Security is enhanced as sensitive information cannot be altered once set.

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Q13. What is Delegate and what are the types?

Ans.

Delegate is a type that represents references to methods with a specific parameter list and return type.

  • Delegates are similar to function pointers in C++.

  • They are used to achieve loose coupling and separation of concerns.

  • There are two types of delegates: singlecast and multicast.

  • Singlecast delegates can hold references to a single method.

  • Multicast delegates can hold references to multiple methods.

  • Delegates are commonly used in event handling and callback scenarios.

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Q14. What do you know about the JIT compiler?
Ans.

JIT compiler stands for Just-In-Time compiler, which compiles code during runtime instead of ahead of time.

  • JIT compiler improves performance by compiling code on-the-fly as it is needed

  • It can optimize code based on runtime conditions and platform specifics

  • Examples include Java's HotSpot JIT compiler and .NET's RyuJIT compiler

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Q15. What is the garbage collector in Java?
Ans.

Garbage collector in Java is a built-in mechanism that automatically manages memory by reclaiming unused objects.

  • Garbage collector runs in the background to identify and remove objects that are no longer needed.

  • It helps prevent memory leaks and optimize memory usage.

  • Examples of garbage collectors in Java include Serial, Parallel, CMS, and G1.

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Q16. What is custom middleware in .net core

Ans.

Custom middleware in .NET Core is a piece of code that sits between the request and response pipeline to perform custom operations.

  • Custom middleware can be used to add custom headers, logging, authentication, and authorization to the request pipeline.

  • Middleware can be added to the pipeline using the Use() method in the Startup.cs file.

  • Middleware can be created using classes that implement the IMiddleware interface or by using lambda expressions.

  • Middleware can be ordered in th...read more

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Q17. Difference Between temp table and table variable

Ans.

Temp table is stored in tempdb and table variable is stored in memory.

  • Temp table is created using CREATE TABLE statement and can be accessed by multiple sessions.

  • Table variable is created using DECLARE statement and can only be accessed within the scope of the batch or procedure.

  • Temp table can have indexes and statistics while table variable cannot.

  • Temp table is useful for large data sets while table variable is useful for small data sets.

  • Temp table can be used in transaction...read more

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Q18. What is dependency injection?
Ans.

Dependency injection is a design pattern where components are provided with their dependencies rather than creating them internally.

  • Allows for easier testing by providing mock dependencies

  • Promotes loose coupling between components

  • Improves code reusability and maintainability

  • Examples: Constructor injection, Setter injection, Interface injection

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Q19. What is need of spring boot What is actuator, query param, http methods

Ans.

Spring Boot is a framework that simplifies the development of Java applications by providing a set of tools and conventions.

  • Spring Boot eliminates the need for complex configuration by providing defaults for most settings.

  • Actuator is a set of tools provided by Spring Boot for monitoring and managing the application.

  • Query param is used to pass parameters in the URL of an HTTP request.

  • HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE are used to perform different operations on resources...read more

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Q20. What is your thought on cybage?

Ans.

Cybage is a global technology consulting organization specializing in outsourced product engineering services.

  • Cybage has a strong focus on software engineering and product development.

  • They have a global presence with offices in North America, Europe, and Asia.

  • Cybage has expertise in various industries including healthcare, retail, and finance.

  • They have won several awards for their work in software engineering and innovation.

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Q21. Why do you think React is better than Angular

Ans.

React is better than Angular due to its flexibility, performance, and community support.

  • React allows for more flexibility in terms of architecture and state management compared to Angular.

  • React's virtual DOM leads to better performance by only updating the necessary components, while Angular's two-way data binding can cause performance issues.

  • React has a larger and more active community, providing better support and a wider range of resources compared to Angular.

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Q22. Queries using joins in SQL

Ans.

Joins in SQL are used to combine data from two or more tables based on a related column.

  • Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables in a single query.

  • Common types of joins include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

  • Join conditions are specified using the ON keyword and can include multiple conditions.

  • Aliases can be used to simplify the syntax of join queries.

  • Joins can be nested to combine data from more than two tables.

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Q23. What are SQL queries with examples

Ans.

SQL queries are used to retrieve data from a database. Examples include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.

  • SELECT * FROM customers WHERE city = 'New York'

  • INSERT INTO orders (customer_id, order_date, total_amount) VALUES (1, '2021-01-01', 100.00)

  • UPDATE products SET price = 10.99 WHERE id = 1

  • DELETE FROM orders WHERE id = 5

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Q24. How to secure WEB API in .net?

Ans.

Secure WEB API in .NET by using authentication, authorization, HTTPS, and input validation.

  • Use authentication mechanisms like JWT tokens or OAuth for secure access.

  • Implement authorization to control which users have access to specific resources.

  • Enable HTTPS to encrypt data transmitted between client and server.

  • Implement input validation to prevent injection attacks like SQL injection or cross-site scripting.

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Q25. What are the routings in MVC

Ans.

Routings in MVC define how the application responds to client requests.

  • Routings map URLs to controller actions in MVC framework

  • Routes are defined in RouteConfig.cs file in ASP.NET MVC

  • Routes can include parameters and constraints

  • Example: routes.MapRoute('Default', '{controller}/{action}/{id}', new { controller = 'Home', action = 'Index', id = UrlParameter.Optional })

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Q26. What is garbage collection

Ans.

Garbage collection is an automatic memory management process used in programming languages to reclaim memory occupied by objects that are no longer in use.

  • Garbage collection automatically identifies and deletes objects in memory that are no longer needed by the program.

  • It helps prevent memory leaks and improves the efficiency of memory usage.

  • Examples of programming languages that use garbage collection include Java, C#, and Python.

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Q27. Seperate duplicate word from string

Ans.

Remove duplicate words from a given string

  • Split the string into individual words

  • Use a set to keep track of unique words

  • Iterate through the words and add them to the set if not already present

  • Convert the set back to an array of strings

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Q28. Stored procedure vs functions

Ans.

Stored procedures are precompiled SQL queries stored in the database, while functions are reusable blocks of code that return a value.

  • Stored procedures are used for performing specific tasks or operations in the database.

  • Functions are used to encapsulate logic and can be called from within SQL queries or other functions.

  • Stored procedures can have input and output parameters, while functions always return a value.

  • Stored procedures can modify data in the database, while functio...read more

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Q29. Dispatch queue in details

Ans.

Dispatch queue is a queue of tasks that are executed in a first-in, first-out order.

  • Dispatch queue is used for managing concurrent tasks in iOS and macOS applications.

  • It is a way to manage the execution of tasks in a serial or concurrent manner.

  • Tasks can be added to a dispatch queue using dispatch_async() or dispatch_sync() functions.

  • Dispatch queue can be either serial or concurrent.

  • Serial queue executes tasks in a first-in, first-out order, while concurrent queue executes ta...read more

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Q30. List tuple classes

Ans.

Tuple classes are classes that represent a fixed-size collection of elements.

  • Tuple

  • Pair

  • Triple

  • Quadruple

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Interview Process at AU Small Finance Bank

based on 10 interviews
3 Interview rounds
Technical Round - 1
Technical Round - 2
Client Interview Round
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