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Cognizant Senior Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers
11 Interview questions
Microservices are an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services.
Each microservice is responsible for a specific business capability.
Microservices communicate over lightweight protocols, often HTTP/REST.
They can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently.
Examples include Netflix and Amazon, which use microservices for scalability.
Microservices can be written...
A thread pool is a collection of pre-initialized threads that can be reused for executing tasks, improving performance and resource management.
Thread pools manage a set of worker threads to execute tasks concurrently.
They reduce the overhead of thread creation and destruction by reusing existing threads.
Example: In Java, the ExecutorService framework provides a thread pool implementation.
Thread pools can help limi...
IEnumerable is for in-memory collections, while IQueryable is for querying data from external sources like databases.
IEnumerable executes queries in memory, suitable for collections like arrays or lists.
IQueryable allows for deferred execution and can translate queries to SQL for databases.
Example: IEnumerable can be used with List<T>, while IQueryable is used with Entity Framework for database queries.
IQuer...
CTE stands for Common Table Expression in SQL, used to create temporary result sets that can be referenced within a query.
CTEs are defined using the WITH keyword
They can be recursive or non-recursive
CTEs improve readability and maintainability of complex queries
Example: WITH cte AS (SELECT * FROM table_name) SELECT * FROM cte
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SOLID principles are a set of five design principles for writing maintainable and scalable object-oriented code.
Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) - a class should have only one reason to change
Open/Closed Principle (OCP) - classes should be open for extension but closed for modification
Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) - objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without aff...
Entity Framework is an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework for .NET applications.
ORM framework for .NET applications
Maps database tables to classes in code
Provides a way to query and manipulate data using LINQ
Supports various database providers such as SQL Server, MySQL, etc.
useMemo is used to memoize the result of a function, while useCallback is used to memoize a function itself.
useMemo is used to optimize expensive calculations by caching the result and returning it when the dependencies don't change.
useCallback is used to optimize the performance of child components by preventing unnecessary re-renders when the dependencies don't change.
Both useMemo and useCallback accept a depend...
useEffect is a React hook for managing side effects in functional components, like data fetching and subscriptions.
Data Fetching: useEffect can be used to fetch data from an API when a component mounts. Example: useEffect(() => { fetchData(); }, []);
Event Listeners: You can add event listeners in useEffect and clean them up on component unmount. Example: useEffect(() => { window.addEventListener('resize', ha...
ConcurrentModificationException occurs when a collection is modified while iterating over it.
Occurs in Java when a collection is modified during iteration.
Example: Using an Iterator to remove elements while iterating.
Can be avoided by using ConcurrentHashMap or CopyOnWriteArrayList.
Always use fail-safe iterators for safe concurrent modifications.
Singleton is a design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to one object. Immutable objects cannot be changed after creation.
Singleton pattern is used to ensure only one instance of a class is created and provide a global point of access to it.
Mutable objects can be changed after creation, while immutable objects cannot.
Immutable objects are thread-safe and can be shared across multiple threads with...
Cognizant Senior Software Developer Interview Experiences
10 interviews found
Anonymous
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Sep 2024. There was 1 interview round.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Mvc arch & life cycle and basic oops & experianced based
- Q2. All sql practical questions
Interview Preparation Tips
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
- Q1. IEnumerable vs IQueryable
- Ans.
IEnumerable is for in-memory collections, while IQueryable is for querying data from external sources like databases.
IEnumerable executes queries in memory, suitable for collections like arrays or lists.
IQueryable allows for deferred execution and can translate queries to SQL for databases.
Example: IEnumerable can be used with List<T>, while IQueryable is used with Entity Framework for database queries.
IQueryable...
- Q2. Middleware, Use, Run and Map functions
I appeared for an interview in Sep 2024.
Questions regarding Java 8, Spring Boot, and Microservices were asked.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. NA - Not Available
- Q2. Was selected for the 2nd Round as per the communication from them but they never got back or scheduled the second round after that.
Interview Preparation Tips
ankita shirsulwar
Selected
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Dec 2023. There were 3 interview rounds.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is entity framework
- Ans.
Entity Framework is an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework for .NET applications.
ORM framework for .NET applications
Maps database tables to classes in code
Provides a way to query and manipulate data using LINQ
Supports various database providers such as SQL Server, MySQL, etc.
- Q2. What is CTE in SQL
- Ans.
CTE stands for Common Table Expression in SQL, used to create temporary result sets that can be referenced within a query.
CTEs are defined using the WITH keyword
They can be recursive or non-recursive
CTEs improve readability and maintainability of complex queries
Example: WITH cte AS (SELECT * FROM table_name) SELECT * FROM cte
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What are solid principles
- Ans.
SOLID principles are a set of five design principles for writing maintainable and scalable object-oriented code.
Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) - a class should have only one reason to change
Open/Closed Principle (OCP) - classes should be open for extension but closed for modification
Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) - objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without affectin...
- Q2. What are design patterns
- Ans.
Design patterns are reusable solutions to common problems in software design.
Design patterns provide a template for solving recurring design problems in software development.
They help in making code more maintainable, scalable, and efficient.
Examples include Singleton, Factory, Observer, and Strategy patterns.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Why you would like to join company
- Q2. Why shouild we select you
Interview Preparation Tips
- SQL
- c#
Skills evaluated in this interview
Selected
I appeared for an interview in Oct 2024, where I was asked the following questions.
- Q1. Functional programming, threading, design pattern
- Q2. Microservice communications
Swati Sharma
I appeared for an interview before Apr 2024, where I was asked the following questions.
- Q1. What is thread pool
- Ans.
A thread pool is a collection of pre-initialized threads that can be reused for executing tasks, improving performance and resource management.
Thread pools manage a set of worker threads to execute tasks concurrently.
They reduce the overhead of thread creation and destruction by reusing existing threads.
Example: In Java, the ExecutorService framework provides a thread pool implementation.
Thread pools can help limit the...
- Q2. What is microservices
- Ans.
Microservices are an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services.
Each microservice is responsible for a specific business capability.
Microservices communicate over lightweight protocols, often HTTP/REST.
They can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently.
Examples include Netflix and Amazon, which use microservices for scalability.
Microservices can be written in d...
Selected
I applied via Job Portal and was interviewed in Jul 2023. There was 1 interview round.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. React js useMemo useCallback difference
- Ans.
useMemo is used to memoize the result of a function, while useCallback is used to memoize a function itself.
useMemo is used to optimize expensive calculations by caching the result and returning it when the dependencies don't change.
useCallback is used to optimize the performance of child components by preventing unnecessary re-renders when the dependencies don't change.
Both useMemo and useCallback accept a dependency ...
- Q2. React js useEffect usecase
Skills evaluated in this interview
I applied via Recruitment Consultant and was interviewed in Nov 2021. There was 1 interview round.
Interview Questionnaire
4 Questions
- Q1. Hashmap internal working
- Q2. Concurrent modification exception
- Ans.
ConcurrentModificationException occurs when a collection is modified while iterating over it.
Occurs in Java when a collection is modified during iteration.
Example: Using an Iterator to remove elements while iterating.
Can be avoided by using ConcurrentHashMap or CopyOnWriteArrayList.
Always use fail-safe iterators for safe concurrent modifications.
- Q3. Java 8 Features
- Q4. Singleton, mutable vs immutable
- Ans.
Singleton is a design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to one object. Immutable objects cannot be changed after creation.
Singleton pattern is used to ensure only one instance of a class is created and provide a global point of access to it.
Mutable objects can be changed after creation, while immutable objects cannot.
Immutable objects are thread-safe and can be shared across multiple threads without t...
Interview Preparation Tips
Skills evaluated in this interview
I applied via Referral and was interviewed in Apr 2021. There were 3 interview rounds.
Interview Questionnaire
1 Question
- Q1. Not asking in deep
Interview Preparation Tips
Interview Questionnaire
1 Question
- Q1. Be clear with concepts
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Overall Interview Experience Rating
based on 7 interview experiences
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