Cognizant Automation Testing Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What do you mean by NRI gatherings and testing tools
Ans. 
NRI gatherings refer to Non-Resident Indian events where testing tools can be used for automation testing.
• NRI gatherings are events organized for Non-Resident Indians to come together and celebrate their culture.

• Testing tools are software applications used to automate the testing process of software applications.

• Automation testing in NRI gatherings can involve testing event registration websites, mobile apps for event
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Q2. Say about some scripts to debug the issue
Ans. 
To debug issues in automation testing, scripts can be used to identify and resolve the root cause of the problem.
• Use logging statements to track the flow of the script and identify where the issue occurs

• Implement error handling mechanisms to catch and handle exceptions gracefully

• Utilize debugging tools provided by the automation testing framework to step through the script and pinpoint the problem

• Add assertions in the ...read more
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Q3. Is tocollect , analyse and finalize purpose of performance testing
Ans. 
Performance testing is conducted to collect, analyze, and finalize the purpose of testing the performance of a system.
• Collect data on system performance under different conditions

• Analyze the data to identify bottlenecks and areas for improvement

• Finalize the purpose of performance testing based on analysis results
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Q1. Write an Xpath for an Anchor tag
Ans. 
Xpath for an Anchor tag in Automation Testing
• Use the 'a' tag in the Xpath expression to target anchor tags

• Use '@href' attribute to specify the link of the anchor tag

• Example: //a[@href='https://www.example.com']
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Q2. What are the challenges faced in your automation project and how did you overcome them ?
Ans. 
Challenges faced in automation project and how they were overcome
• Lack of skilled resources - Conducted training sessions to upskill team members

• Unstable test environment - Implemented robust error handling mechanisms

• Changing requirements - Utilized agile methodologies to adapt quickly

• Integration issues with third-party tools - Collaborated with vendors for solutions
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Q3. Explain Selenium Architecture
Ans. 
Selenium Architecture is a framework that consists of different components for automated testing of web applications.
• Selenium WebDriver: It is the core component that allows interaction with web elements.

• Selenium Grid: It enables parallel execution of tests across different browsers and environments.

• Selenium IDE: It is a record and playback tool for creating test scripts.

• Selenium RC (Remote Control): It is the predeces...read more
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Q4. Have you ever faced synchronization problem ? How did you overcome them ?
Ans. 
Yes, I have faced synchronization problems while automating tests.
• Yes, I have encountered synchronization issues when elements load at different speeds on a webpage.

• To overcome this, I have used explicit waits in Selenium to wait for specific conditions before proceeding with the test.

• I have also used implicit waits to set a default waiting time for the elements to load.

• In some cases, I have used Thread.sleep() to paus...read more
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Q5. What are the exceptions handled other than NosuchElementException
Ans. 
Other exceptions handled in automation testing besides NoSuchElementException
• ElementNotVisibleException - when element is present in DOM but not visible on the page

• StaleElementReferenceException - when element is no longer attached to the DOM

• TimeoutException - when a command does not complete in a specific time frame

• NoSuchWindowException - when the window target to be switched doesn't exist

• InvalidElementStateException ...read more
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Q6. Explain OOPS concepts
Ans. 
OOPS concepts are fundamental principles of Object-Oriented Programming, including inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.
• Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Polymorphism: Ability to present the same interface for different data types.

• Abstraction: Hiding the complex imple...read more
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Q7. Difference between Relative and Absolute xpath
Ans. 
Relative xpath is based on the current position of an element, while absolute xpath starts from the root element.
• Relative xpath is shorter and less prone to breaking with changes in the DOM structure.

• Absolute xpath is longer and more specific, starting from the root element of the HTML document.

• Relative xpath is preferred for dynamic web elements, while absolute xpath is more suitable for static elements.

• Example: Relat...read more
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Q8. Java Program to reverse a string
Ans. 
Java program to reverse a string
• Create a StringBuilder object

• Use the reverse() method to reverse the string

• Convert the StringBuilder object back to a string
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Q9. What is framework ? Explain the frameworks you worked on in your project?
Ans. 
A framework is a set of guidelines, coding standards, concepts, and practices that provide structure and support for automated testing.
• Framework helps in organizing and executing automated tests efficiently.

• Common frameworks include Data-Driven, Keyword-Driven, Hybrid, and Behavior-Driven Development (BDD).

• In my project, I have worked on a Data-Driven framework where test data is separated from test scripts for easy ma
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Q10. TestNG-How to re-run the failed Testcases
Ans. 
TestNG provides the ability to re-run failed test cases using the 'retryAnalyzer' feature.
• Implement a custom 'IRetryAnalyzer' class to define the retry logic for failed test cases.

• Specify the 'retryAnalyzer' attribute in the @Test annotation with the custom retry analyzer class.

• Set the 'retryAnalyzer' attribute to the custom class name in the testng.xml file to apply the retry logic globally.

• Failed test cases will be a...read more
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Q11. What is Interface in Java
Ans. 
Interface in Java is a reference type in Java, similar to a class, that can contain only constants, method signatures, default methods, static methods, and nested types.
• An interface is a blueprint of a class that can have abstract methods and constants.

• Interfaces are used to achieve abstraction and multiple inheritance in Java.

• Classes can implement multiple interfaces but can only extend one class.

• Example: interface Sh...read more
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Q12. Explain Fluent wait ,implict ,explicit wait
Ans. 
Fluent wait, implicit wait, and explicit wait are different types of wait strategies used in automation testing to handle synchronization issues.
• Fluent wait is a dynamic wait mechanism in Selenium WebDriver that waits for a condition to be true with a specified polling frequency.

• Implicit wait is a global wait applied to all elements in the WebDriver instance, allowing a certain amount of time for elements to load befor...read more
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Q13. TestNG supports crossbrowser testinh
Ans. 
Yes, TestNG supports crossbrowser testing by allowing the execution of test cases on multiple browsers in parallel.
• TestNG allows the use of @Parameters annotation to pass browser type as a parameter to test methods.

• TestNG can be integrated with Selenium WebDriver to run tests on different browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.

• TestNG provides the flexibility to run tests in parallel on multiple browsers for faster e
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