50+ Automation Test Lead Interview Questions and Answers

To validate text displayed in HTML tag, use automation tools like Selenium to locate the element and verify the text content.

• Locate the HTML element using appropriate locators like ID, class name, XPath, etc.

• Retrieve the text content of the element using getText() method.

• Compare the retrieved text with the expected text using assertion methods.

• Use automation tools like Selenium WebDriver to automate the validation process.

Test cases for automation should be selected based on criteria such as frequency of execution, complexity, and criticality.

• Select test cases that are executed frequently to save time and effort.

• Choose test cases that are complex and require multiple steps to execute.

• Prioritize test cases that cover critical functionalities or high-risk areas.

• Consider test cases that involve integration between different systems or modules.

• Include test cases that have a high probability of fai...read more

This program counts the number of repeating characters in a given string.

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Use a hash map to store the count of each character

• If a character is already present in the hash map, increment its count

• Finally, iterate through the hash map and print the characters with their counts

Selenium code using TestNG for login page for valid and invalid logon

• Create a TestNG class with test methods for valid and invalid login scenarios

• Use Selenium WebDriver to navigate to the login page and locate the username and password fields

• Enter valid or invalid credentials and submit the form

• Use TestNG assertions to verify the expected outcome of the login attempt

The XPath for the dynamic web table element can be written using the position() function and the contains() function.

• Use the position() function to locate the row number

• Use the contains() function to match the changing value in each row

Different types of asserts used in Selenium include assert, verify, and waitForAssert

• Assert: Stops the execution if the verification fails

• Verify: Continues the execution even if the verification fails

• waitForAssert: Waits for a certain condition to be true before proceeding

Background keyword and Dry tag are used in Cucumber for test automation.

• Background keyword is used to define a set of steps that are common to all scenarios in a feature file.

• Dry tag is used to define a set of steps that can be reused across multiple feature files.

• Background keyword is written at the beginning of a feature file, while Dry tag is written in a separate file.

• Background keyword is used to reduce code duplication and improve readability.

• Dry tag is used to improve ...read more

The number of feature files will depend on the project requirements and the level of granularity in test scenarios.

• Number of feature files can vary based on the size and complexity of the project

• Each feature file typically represents a specific functionality or feature being tested

• Feature files can be organized based on modules, user stories, or test scenarios

Test cases for automation should be selected based on their frequency of execution, complexity, and stability.

• Identify frequently executed test cases

• Select test cases with high complexity

• Choose stable test cases

• Consider test cases with high risk and impact

• Prioritize regression test cases

• Evaluate the feasibility of automating the test case

A Test Automation framework integrates tools and processes for efficient testing, with a focus on robust reporting mechanisms.

• Framework Types: Common types include Keyword Driven, Data Driven, and Behavior Driven frameworks.

• Reporting Tools: Tools like Allure, ExtentReports, or custom dashboards can be used for generating reports.

• Test Results: Reports should include pass/fail status, execution time, and error logs for failed tests.

• Visualization: Graphical representations of te...read more

Exceptions faced in Selenium

• StaleElementReferenceException

• NoSuchElementException

• TimeoutException

• ElementNotVisibleException

• ElementNotInteractableException

Counting radio buttons on a page in Selenium using findElements method

• Use findElements method to locate all radio buttons on the page

• Get the size of the list of elements to count the number of radio buttons

Waits in Selenium are used to synchronize the test execution with the application's response.

• Implicit Wait

• Explicit Wait

• Fluent Wait

• Thread.sleep()

• WebDriverWait

No, a class cannot be an interface in programming.

• A class is a blueprint for objects, while an interface is a contract for classes to implement certain methods.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces, but it cannot extend multiple classes.

• Interfaces cannot have constructors or instance variables, while classes can have both.

We followed various problem-solving methods while using Selenium.

• Identifying the root cause of the issue

• Analyzing the logs and error messages

• Collaborating with developers to resolve issues

• Using debugging tools like Firebug and Chrome Developer Tools

• Implementing Page Object Model design pattern

• Using TestNG framework for test execution and reporting

To run a feature file, use a test automation tool like Cucumber or SpecFlow.

• Use a test automation tool like Cucumber or SpecFlow to run feature files

• Create a test runner class or configuration file to specify which feature file to run

• Execute the test runner class or configuration file to run the feature file

• Check the test results to see if the feature file ran successfully

Use two variables to keep track of highest and second highest numbers in the array.

• Iterate through the array and compare each element with the highest and second highest variables.

• Update the variables accordingly to find the second highest number.

Test inputs include valid inputs, boundary values, invalid inputs, and edge cases.

• Valid inputs: Providing inputs within the valid range to ensure the program functions correctly.

• Boundary values: Testing inputs at the boundaries of valid ranges to check for any issues.

• Invalid inputs: Testing inputs outside the valid range to see how the program handles errors.

• Edge cases: Testing extreme or unusual inputs to uncover any unexpected behavior.

Files can be uploaded using API by sending a POST request with the file as a payload. UI can use file input field to upload files.

• For API, use a POST request with the file as a payload

• For UI, use a file input field to select and upload files

• API example: POST /uploadFile with file as payload

• UI example: to select and upload files

Cucumber is a BDD tool used for testing. Framework implementation involves setting up a structure for test automation.

• Cucumber is a tool used for Behavior Driven Development (BDD) testing

• It uses Gherkin language for writing test scenarios in a human-readable format

• Cucumber implementation involves setting up a framework for test automation

• The framework includes setting up a directory structure, defining test data, creating reusable functions, and integrating with other tools

• Ex...read more

To scroll in mobile automation, use methods like swipe, scroll, or scrollTo.

• Use swipe method to scroll vertically or horizontally on the screen

• Use scroll method to scroll to a specific element on the screen

• Use scrollTo method to scroll to a specific text on the screen

Implicit wait is set globally for all elements, while explicit wait is applied only to specific elements.

• Implicit wait is set once at the beginning of the test script

• Explicit wait is used for specific elements with different wait times

• Implicit wait is defined for the entire duration of the WebDriver object

• Explicit wait is defined for a specific condition or element to wait for

Class is a blueprint for objects, while interface is a contract for classes to implement certain methods.

• Class can have both data members and methods, while interface can only have method signatures.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces, but can only inherit from one class.

• Interfaces are used to achieve multiple inheritance in Java.

• Classes can have constructors, while interfaces cannot.

• Example: Class 'Car' can have methods like 'start()' and 'stop()', while interface 'Dri...read more

Feature file with feature for automation testing

• Feature: Login functionality

• Scenario: User logs in with valid credentials

• Given user is on the login page

• When user enters valid username and password

• Then user should be logged in successfully

Use Selenium to read all text on a screen

• Use findElements method to locate all text elements on the screen

• Iterate through the list of elements and extract text using getText() method

• Store the text in an array for further processing

Playwright installation, add 2+"2" in typescript

• Install Playwright using npm install playwright

• Create a TypeScript file and add the following code: const result = 2 + parseInt('2');

• Run the TypeScript file using tsc filename.ts && node filename.js

• Check the result variable to see the output

Check if an integer is a palindrome

• Convert the integer to a string

• Reverse the string and compare with the original string

• If they are the same, the integer is a palindrome

A Test Plan outlines the specifics of testing, while a Test Strategy defines the overall approach and objectives for testing.

• Test Plan is a detailed document that describes the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of intended testing activities.

• Test Strategy is a high-level document that outlines the testing goals, principles, and methods to be used across projects.

• Example of Test Plan: A plan for testing a new mobile app, detailing test cases, timelines, and resources ne...read more

Reading Excel data from Java coding involves using Apache POI library.

• Use Apache POI library to read Excel data in Java

• Create a FileInputStream object to read the Excel file

• Use XSSFWorkbook and XSSFSheet classes to access the workbook and sheet respectively

• Iterate through rows and cells to read data from Excel file

BDD framework is a software development process that encourages collaboration between developers, QA, and non-technical stakeholders.

• BDD stands for Behavior Driven Development

• Uses natural language to define requirements and tests

• Focuses on the behavior of the system from the end user's perspective

• Uses tools like Cucumber, SpecFlow, or JBehave

Screenshots can be taken using built-in tools on devices or using keyboard shortcuts on computers.

• On Windows, press 'PrtScn' key to capture entire screen or 'Alt + PrtScn' to capture active window

• On Mac, press 'Command + Shift + 3' to capture entire screen or 'Command + Shift + 4' to select specific area

• On mobile devices, press 'Power + Volume Down' buttons simultaneously to take a screenshot

JSON Wire Protocol is a communication protocol used for WebDriver to interact with web browsers.

• Defines a standard way for WebDriver clients to communicate with browser drivers.

• Uses JSON format to send commands and receive responses.

• Supports various browser actions like opening a URL, clicking elements, etc.

• Example: Sending a command to navigate to a URL: { 'url': 'http://example.com' }

• Facilitates cross-browser testing by providing a uniform interface.

Automation framework designing involves creating a structure for automated testing.

• Identify the testing requirements

• Choose the appropriate tools and technologies

• Design the framework architecture

• Implement the framework

• Integrate with the testing environment

• Create reusable components

• Maintain and update the framework

I have worked on a Selenium-based framework for automated testing of web applications.

• Implemented Page Object Model design pattern for better code organization

• Used TestNG for test case management and execution

• Integrated with Jenkins for continuous integration

• Utilized Apache POI for data-driven testing

• Implemented logging and reporting using ExtentReports

Velocity is a measure of work completed in a sprint, while a burn down chart tracks progress towards completing the work.

• Velocity is the amount of work completed by a team in a sprint, usually measured in story points or tasks completed.

• Burn down chart is a visual representation of the remaining work in a sprint, showing progress towards completing all tasks.

• Velocity helps teams plan future sprints based on past performance, while burn down charts help track progress and iden...read more

The task is to count the occurrences of each character in a given string.

• Iterate through the string and use a HashMap to store the count of each character.

• Convert the string to char array for easier manipulation.

• Handle both uppercase and lowercase characters separately if needed.

Page Object Model is a design pattern used in test automation to create an object repository for web elements on a page.

• It helps in separating the test scripts from the web elements, making the code more maintainable and reusable.

• Each web page is represented as a class, and the web elements on the page are defined as variables within the class.

• Methods are created within the class to perform actions on the web elements, such as clicking a button or entering text into a field.

• P...read more

A testing framework is a set of guidelines, coding standards, concepts, processes, practices, project hierarchies, modularity, reporting mechanisms, and tool support for running automated tests.

• Provides structure and guidelines for organizing and executing automated tests

• Promotes reusability and maintainability of test scripts

• Includes libraries, utilities, and APIs for interacting with the application under test

• Supports reporting and logging of test results

• Examples: Selenium ...read more

Web technology refers to the tools, software, and protocols used to create and maintain websites and web applications.

• Web technologies include HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and various frameworks like React and Angular.

• Web servers, databases, and web browsers are also part of web technology.

• Protocols such as HTTP and HTTPS are essential for communication over the web.

Automation strategy is a plan outlining how automation will be implemented in testing processes.

• Define goals and objectives of automation

• Select appropriate tools and technologies

• Identify test cases to automate

• Create a framework for automation

• Implement automation scripts

• Execute automated tests and analyze results

Program to reverse a string

• Create an empty string to store the reversed string

• Iterate through the original string from the end to the beginning

• Append each character to the empty string

• Return the reversed string

Java program showcasing OOPs concepts like inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Create classes representing different entities with properties and methods

• Use inheritance to create a parent-child class relationship

• Demonstrate encapsulation by setting private variables and using getter and setter methods

• Show polymorphism by overriding methods in child classes

• Implement abstraction by creating abstract classes or interfaces

SQL query for joining tables to retrieve data from multiple related tables.

• Use JOIN keyword to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Types of joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN.

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column;

Xpath is a query language used to locate elements on a web page based on their attributes and structure.

• Identify unique attributes of the element you want to locate

• Use the '//' operator to search for elements anywhere in the document

• Use the '[@attribute='value']' syntax to specify the attribute and value you are looking for

• Combine multiple conditions using 'and' or 'or' operators

• Use functions like 'contains()', 'starts-with()', and 'text()' to refine your Xpath