60+ Senior Software Engineer Testing Interview Questions and Answers

Sort a string based on character frequency and ASCII value.

• Count the frequency of each character in the string.

• Sort the characters based on frequency and ASCII value.

• Handle both lowercase and uppercase characters.

• Return the sorted string.

To measure exactly 4 liters using 3 and 5 liter buckets, fill the 5 liter bucket, pour it into the 3 liter bucket, then fill the 5 liter bucket again and pour enough to fill the 3 liter bucket, leaving 4 liters in the 5 liter bucket.

• Fill the 5 liter bucket completely

• Pour the water from the 5 liter bucket into the 3 liter bucket

• Fill the 5 liter bucket again

• Pour water from the 5 liter bucket into the 3 liter bucket until it is full, leaving 4 liters in the 5 liter bucket

Clients opt for automation testing to save time and cost. My role in regression testing is to ensure that the software still works after changes.

• Automation testing saves time and cost by reducing manual effort

• Regression testing ensures that the software still works after changes

• My role in regression testing is to create and execute automated test cases

• I also analyze test results and report defects to the development team

One critical problem statement automated was testing the login functionality for multiple user roles

• Automated testing of login functionality for different user roles

• Used Selenium WebDriver to automate login process

• Created test scripts to simulate login scenarios for admin, user, and guest roles

Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, and Abstraction are the OOP concepts used in Selenium framework.

• Encapsulation: Used to hide the internal implementation details of the classes. For example, using private variables and methods to restrict access.

• Inheritance: Allows classes to inherit properties and behavior from other classes. For example, creating a base test class with common methods and properties.

• Polymorphism: Allows methods to behave differently based on the obje...read more

Test case for a microservice scheduling messages

• Verify that messages are scheduled correctly based on specified time

• Check if messages are sent to the correct recipients

• Ensure that messages are not duplicated or lost during scheduling

Write test cases for a website and provide examples of Selenium methods.

• Test cases should cover different functionalities of the website, such as login, registration, search, and checkout.

• Test cases should include both positive and negative scenarios.

• Examples of Selenium methods: findElement, click, sendKeys, getText, getTitle, etc.

Test cases are detailed steps to test a specific functionality, while test scenarios are high-level descriptions of a feature to be tested.

• Test cases are specific steps to be executed to validate a particular functionality or requirement.

• Test scenarios are broader and describe a high-level overview of what needs to be tested.

• Test cases are detailed and include input data, expected results, and execution steps.

• Test scenarios are more general and may not include specific detail...read more

Agile methodology is used for software development to promote flexibility and collaboration.

• Advantages of Agile: promotes flexibility, encourages collaboration, allows for quick adaptation to changes

• Disadvantages of Agile: can be challenging to implement in large teams, requires constant communication and coordination

I test mobile functionality using a combination of manual testing, automated testing, and device testing.

• I conduct manual testing to ensure all features work as expected on different devices and operating systems.

• I use automated testing tools like Appium or XCTest to run test scripts and catch regressions quickly.

• I perform device testing on a variety of physical devices to check for compatibility and performance issues.

• I also utilize emulators and simulators to simulate diffe...read more

Yes, session handling is important in Selenium for maintaining user state and avoiding errors.

• Session handling helps maintain user state between requests

• It prevents errors caused by multiple users sharing the same session

• It allows for efficient use of server resources

• Examples include using cookies or URL rewriting to maintain session state

Sanity testing is a narrow and deep testing approach, while smoke testing is a broad and shallow testing approach.

• Sanity testing is performed to check if the critical functionalities of the application are working as expected.

• Smoke testing is performed to check if the application is stable enough for further testing.

• Sanity testing is usually performed after a build is received, while smoke testing is performed after a major release.

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression tes...read more

OOPS stands for Object-Oriented Programming, a framework is a set of tools and libraries for software development, and Postman is a tool for testing APIs.

• OOPS (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of 'objects' which can contain data and code.

• A framework is a collection of libraries, tools, and best practices that help developers build software applications more efficiently.

• Postman is a popular tool used for testing APIs by sending reques...read more

Selenium is a popular automation testing tool for web applications. API testing involves testing APIs directly. Smoke test is a basic test to check if the application is stable. Cucumber is a BDD framework for writing test cases.

• Selenium is used for automating web application testing by simulating user interactions.

• API testing involves testing the functionality, reliability, performance, and security of APIs.

• Smoke test is a basic test to check if the critical functionalities ...read more

Converting requirements to test cases involves analyzing requirements, identifying test scenarios, and creating test cases.

• Analyze requirements to understand the functionality

• Identify test scenarios based on requirements

• Create test cases for each scenario

• Ensure test cases cover all possible scenarios

• Review and refine test cases as needed

Yes, the xpath for the gear icon in Edge can be written using the class name or other unique identifiers.

• Use the class name or other unique identifiers to locate the gear icon in Edge

• Example: //button[@class='gear-icon']

Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its component(s) with the intent to find whether it satisfies the specified requirements or not.

• Testing is done to identify defects or bugs in the system

• Bug life cycle includes stages like New, Open, Assigned, Fixed, Verified, and Closed

• New - when a bug is identified

• Open - when the bug is confirmed and assigned to a developer

• Assigned - when the developer starts working on the bug

• Fixed - when the developer fixes the bug

• Verified ...read more

Program to generate pyramid of numbers and MySQL queries

• For pyramid of numbers, use nested loops to print numbers in a pyramid shape

• For MySQL queries, use SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements to manipulate data

• Use JOINs to combine data from multiple tables

• Use WHERE clause to filter data based on specific conditions

I have experience with various testing methodologies such as Agile, Waterfall, and DevOps. I have worked on projects involving automation testing, manual testing, and performance testing.

• Experience with Agile, Waterfall, and DevOps testing methodologies

• Worked on automation testing projects using tools like Selenium and JUnit

• Performed manual testing for user interface and functionality

• Conducted performance testing using tools like JMeter

Handled exceptions like NullPointerException, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, IOException, etc.

• NullPointerException: Occurs when trying to access a method or property of a null object.

• ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: Occurs when trying to access an index outside the bounds of an array.

• IOException: Occurs when there is an issue with input/output operations.

Scrum is an agile framework for managing work, and user stories are short, simple descriptions of a feature told from the perspective of the person who desires the new capability.

• Scrum is a framework that helps teams work together. It includes roles, events, artifacts, and rules.

• User stories are short, simple descriptions of a feature told from the perspective of the end user.

• User stories typically follow the format: As a [type of user], I want [some goal] so that [some reaso...read more

Java code to get second max number from an array

• Sort the array in descending order

• Return the second element

Use Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm to count prime numbers between 1 to 100.

• Implement Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm to generate prime numbers up to 100.

• Count the number of prime numbers generated by the algorithm.

• Return the count of prime numbers between 1 to 100.

Yes, Agile is a software development methodology that emphasizes on iterative and incremental development.

• Agile is based on the Agile Manifesto

• It values individuals and interactions over processes and tools

• It emphasizes on working software over comprehensive documentation

• It encourages customer collaboration and responds to change

• Examples of Agile methodologies include Scrum, Kanban, and XP

Real Time Framework is a testing framework used for automation testing of real-time applications.

• Real Time Framework is designed specifically for testing real-time applications.

• It allows for automation testing of applications that require real-time data processing.

• The framework provides tools and features to simulate real-time scenarios and test the application's response.

• It helps in identifying performance issues and bottlenecks in real-time applications.

• Examples of real-tim...read more

Test execution is the process of running test cases to validate the functionality of the software.

• Test execution involves executing the test cases that have been designed during the test planning phase.

• It is the actual process of running the tests and comparing the actual results with the expected results.

• Test execution can be manual or automated, depending on the testing approach and tools used.

• It helps in identifying defects and ensuring the quality of the software product....read more

Methods in Selenium are actions that can be performed on web elements to automate testing.

• findElement() - Locates a single web element on the page

• findElements() - Locates multiple web elements on the page

• sendKeys() - Enters text into an input field

• click() - Clicks on a web element

• getText() - Retrieves the text of a web element

Bug Life Cycle is the process of a bug from identification to resolution in software testing.

• Bug is identified by tester

• Bug is reported in bug tracking tool

• Bug is assigned to developer

• Developer fixes the bug

• Bug is re-tested by tester

• Bug is closed if fixed or reopened if not

To scroll down in Selenium, you can use the Actions class or JavaScriptExecutor.

• Use Actions class to perform keyboard and mouse actions

• Scroll down using Keys class and sendKeys(Keys.PAGE_DOWN)

• Alternatively, use JavaScriptExecutor to scroll down by executing JavaScript code

Different waits used in Selenium

• Implicit Wait

• Explicit Wait

• Fluent Wait

• Thread.sleep()

• WebDriverWait

POM is a design pattern used in Selenium for creating object repositories and organizing test code.

• POM stands for Page Object Model

• It separates the test code from the page objects

• Each page is represented as a class and contains its own methods and locators

• It improves code reusability and maintainability

• It helps in reducing code duplication

• It is widely used in Selenium automation testing

OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data in the form of fields and code in the form of procedures.

• OOPs focuses on creating objects that interact with each other to solve a problem

• Key principles of OOPs include encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism

• Encapsulation allows objects to hide their internal state and require all interaction to be performed through an object's methods

• Inheritance allows cl...read more

String is immutable, StringBuffer is mutable.

• String is immutable, meaning once created, its value cannot be changed.

• StringBuffer is mutable, meaning its value can be changed after creation.

• String is thread-safe, while StringBuffer is not.

• StringBuffer is faster for concatenation operations compared to String.

Functional requirements specify what the system should do, while non-functional requirements specify how the system should perform.

• Functional requirements focus on specific behaviors of the system, such as user interactions or data manipulation.

• Non-functional requirements focus on qualities of the system, such as performance, scalability, security, and usability.

• Functional requirements are typically easier to test and verify compared to non-functional requirements.

• Examples of...read more

Use SELECT DISTINCT to retrieve unique records from a table

• Use SELECT DISTINCT column_name FROM table_name to retrieve unique values from a specific column

• Use SELECT DISTINCT * FROM table_name to retrieve unique records from the entire table

Integrity in environment refers to the consistency, accuracy, and reliability of the testing environment.

• Ensuring that test environments are set up correctly and consistently

• Verifying that test data is accurate and reliable

• Maintaining the integrity of test results by following best practices

• Regularly monitoring and updating the testing environment

Negative test cases for Instagram

• Invalid username and password combination

• Uploading an unsupported file format

• Sending a direct message to a non-existent user

• Attempting to follow a private account without approval

• Creating a post without any content

STLC is a process of testing software while SDLC is a process of developing software.

• STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle

• It involves planning, designing, executing and reporting of tests

• SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle

• It involves planning, designing, developing, testing and maintaining software

• STLC is a subset of SDLC

• STLC ensures that the software meets the specified requirements and is of high quality

OOPS concepts are fundamental principles of object-oriented programming such as inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class. Example: class Dog extends Animal.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit. Example: private variables and public methods.

• Polymorphism: Ability to present the same interface for different data types. Example: method...read more

A Java program that demonstrates string recursion.

• Create a method that takes a string as input and recursively calls itself to manipulate the string.

• Use base case to stop the recursion.

• Example: public static String reverseString(String str) { if (str.isEmpty()) { return str; } else { return reverseString(str.substring(1)) + str.charAt(0); } }

Our product follows a microservices architecture with a combination of front-end, back-end, and database layers.

• Utilizes microservices architecture for scalability and flexibility

• Front-end layer handles user interface and interactions

• Back-end layer manages business logic and data processing

• Database layer stores and retrieves data efficiently

• Communication between layers is done through APIs

Find the second largest element in an array of strings

• Convert the array of strings to an array of integers

• Sort the array in descending order

• Return the second element in the sorted array

The complete lifecycle of testing involves planning, designing, executing, and reporting.

• Planning: Define test objectives, scope, and strategy.

• Designing: Create test cases and test data.

• Executing: Run tests and record results.

• Reporting: Analyze results and report defects.

• Retesting: Verify fixes and retest defects.

• Regression testing: Ensure changes do not impact existing functionality.

Defect life cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, prioritizing, fixing, and verifying defects in software.

• Defect is identified by testers during testing

• Defect is reported to development team

• Development team prioritizes and fixes the defect

• Fixed defect is verified by testers

• If defect is not fixed, it goes back to development team

• If defect is fixed, it is closed

We use a variety of test management tools depending on the project requirements.

• For agile projects, we use JIRA for test case management and execution.

• For performance testing, we use LoadRunner and JMeter.

• For automation testing, we use Selenium and Appium.

• For defect tracking, we use Bugzilla and HP ALM.

• We also use custom-built tools for specific project needs.

Worked on functional modules related to e-commerce and financial services.

• Developed and tested payment gateway integration module

• Implemented order management and tracking module

• Worked on inventory management and stock tracking module

Challenges during testing include time constraints, complex software systems, and ensuring comprehensive test coverage.

• Time constraints: Limited time for testing can result in incomplete test coverage and potential bugs going undetected.

• Complex software systems: Testing large and intricate software systems can be challenging due to the interconnectedness of components and potential dependencies.

• Comprehensive test coverage: Ensuring that all possible scenarios and edge cases a...read more