100+ Associate Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Code to find index of sub string in main string and duplicate the sub string

• Use a loop to iterate through the main string and check for the sub string

• If sub string is found, duplicate it and store the index

• Return the index of the duplicated sub string

Find pairs from array whose sum is equal to target.

• Use a hashmap to store the difference between target and each element in the array.

• Iterate through the array and check if the current element exists in the hashmap.

• If it exists, then a pair with the sum equal to target is found.

C++ is a programming language that is an extension of the C programming language, with added features like object-oriented programming.

• C++ is an extension of the C programming language, with added features like classes and objects.

• Objects are instances of classes, which are user-defined data types that contain data and functions.

• Constructors are special member functions of a class that are automatically called when an object is created.

• Operator overloading allows operators to...read more

Program for doubly linked list, reversing a string, and basic OOPs questions.

• For doubly linked list, create a Node class with data and next/prev pointers.

• Implement methods to insert, delete, and display elements in the doubly linked list.

• To reverse a string, use two pointers and swap characters from start and end until they meet.

• OOPs questions may include concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, etc.

Yes, I have good knowledge of programming.

• Proficient in multiple programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++

• Experience in developing web applications using frameworks like React and Angular

• Familiarity with database management systems like MySQL and MongoDB

Different collection in Java have different implementations of Data Structures.

• ArrayList: Resizable array implementation

• LinkedList: Doubly linked list implementation

• HashSet: Unordered collection of unique elements

• TreeSet: Sorted set implementation using a tree structure

• HashMap: Unordered map implementation using key-value pairs

• TreeMap: Sorted map implementation using a tree structure

To fetch data from an API and show the result, use HTTP requests and parse the response data.

• Identify the API endpoint and required parameters

• Make an HTTP request using a library like Axios or Fetch

• Parse the response data using JSON.parse()

• Display the data in the desired format, such as a table or list

To remove the index file in CodeIgniter, you need to modify the .htaccess file and change the default routing settings.

• Open the .htaccess file in the root directory of your CodeIgniter project

• Find the line that says 'RewriteEngine On' and add the following line below it: 'RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f'

• Add another line below the previous one: 'RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d'

• Finally, add the line 'RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L]'

• Save the .htaccess file and the in...read more

Centralizing a solar power plant in a college involves selecting a suitable location, designing the system, obtaining necessary permits, and installing the equipment.

• Conduct a feasibility study to determine the best location for the solar power plant on campus.

• Design the solar power system based on the energy needs of the college and available space.

• Obtain permits and approvals from local authorities and utility companies.

• Install solar panels, inverters, and other necessary e...read more

Yes, I am always willing to learn new technologies to stay up-to-date and improve my skills.

• I regularly attend tech conferences and workshops to learn about new technologies.

• I read tech blogs and articles to stay informed about the latest trends.

• I am open to taking online courses or certifications to learn new skills.

• For example, I recently learned ReactJS to improve my front-end development skills.

I have worked on a variety of technologies including Java, Python, SQL, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Git.

• Java

• Python

• SQL

• HTML

• CSS

• JavaScript

• Git

Java is preferred for its performance, scalability, and strong typing compared to Python.

• Java is statically typed, which helps catch errors at compile time, while Python is dynamically typed.

• Java is faster in terms of execution speed compared to Python.

• Java is preferred for large-scale enterprise applications due to its scalability and performance.

• Java has a strong ecosystem and support for multi-threading, making it suitable for high-performance applications.

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is used in Java to create modular programs and reusable code.

• OOPs is a programming paradigm that focuses on objects and their interactions

• Java is an object-oriented language that supports encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism

• OOPs allows for code reusability, modularity, and easier maintenance

• Example: creating a class for a car object with properties like make, model, and year, and methods like start and stop

Python modules are files containing Python code that can be imported and used in other Python programs.

• Modules are used to organize code into reusable and maintainable structures.

• Python has a large standard library of modules that can be imported and used.

• Third-party modules can also be installed and used in Python programs.

• Modules can define functions, classes, and variables that can be accessed by other modules.

• Modules can be imported using the 'import' statement in Python.

Print a pattern of asterisks in a pyramid shape.

• Use nested loops to iterate through the rows and columns of the pattern.

• In each row, print spaces before the asterisks to create the pyramid shape.

• Increase the number of asterisks in each row to form the pattern.

Code for finding the Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA) of a binary tree.

• Start by checking if the root is null or equal to either of the given nodes. If so, return the root.

• Recursively search for the LCA in the left and right subtrees.

• If both nodes are found in different subtrees, return the root as the LCA.

• If both nodes are found in the same subtree, continue searching in that subtree.

We have to support multiple languages for Android, including but not limited to English, Spanish, French, German, Chinese, Japanese, etc.

• English

• Spanish

• French

• German

• Chinese

• Japanese

Python generators are functions that return an iterator and generate values on the fly.

• Generators use the 'yield' keyword to return values one at a time.

• They can be used to generate an infinite sequence of values.

• Generators are memory efficient as they generate values on the fly instead of storing them in memory.

• Example: def my_generator(): yield 1; yield 2; yield 3;

• Example: for num in my_generator(): print(num)

Inheritance is a concept in object-oriented programming where a class can inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Allows for code reusability and promotes a hierarchical structure

• Child classes can access and modify the properties and methods of the parent class

• Example: Animal class can be a parent class with properties like name and methods like eat, and Dog class can inherit from Animal class with additional methods like bark

Slicing is a way to extract a portion of a sequence (string, list, tuple) in Python.

• Slicing is done using the colon (:) operator.

• The syntax for slicing is [start:stop:step].

• start is the index where the slice starts (inclusive), stop is the index where the slice ends (exclusive), and step is the size of the jump between indices.

• If start or stop is not specified, it defaults to the beginning or end of the sequence.

• If step is not specified, it defaults to 1.

• Slicing can be used o...read more

Black box testing is used to test the functionality of a software application without knowing its internal structure.

• Black box testing focuses on the external behavior of the software.

• It tests the software from a user's perspective, without any knowledge of the internal code.

• It helps identify defects or issues in the software's functionality.

• Black box testing is useful for validating requirements and ensuring the software meets user expectations.

• Examples of black box testing ...read more

Python is a versatile language with a simple syntax and a vast library of modules.

• Easy to learn and read

• Supports multiple programming paradigms

• Large community and extensive documentation

• Suitable for various applications such as web development, data analysis, and machine learning

Main method is the entry point of a Java program where execution begins.

• Main method must be public, static, and void.

• It accepts an array of strings as parameter (String[] args).

• It is the starting point of execution for a Java program.

Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that focuses on algorithms and statistical models to enable computers to learn and make decisions.

• Artificial intelligence is a broad field that aims to create intelligent machines that can mimic human behavior and perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.

• Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that focuses on developing algorithms and statistical models that allow computers to learn from da...read more

A full stack structure encompasses both front-end and back-end development, enabling complete web application creation.

• Includes front-end technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for user interface.

• Involves back-end technologies such as Node.js, Python, or Ruby for server-side logic.

• Database management with systems like MySQL, MongoDB, or PostgreSQL.

• Integration of APIs for communication between front-end and back-end.

• Example: A full stack developer might use React for the ...read more

Use string slicing to delete a character from a given string.

• Use string slicing to remove the character at the desired index

• Example: 'hello' -> 'helo' (remove 'l' at index 3)

Python iterators are objects that allow iteration over a collection of elements.

• Iterators are used to loop through a collection of elements, one at a time.

• They implement the __iter__() and __next__() methods.

• The __iter__() method returns the iterator object and the __next__() method returns the next element in the sequence.

• Iterators can be created using iter() function or by defining a class that implements the required methods.

• Examples of built-in iterators in Python include...read more

Compiler translates entire code into machine code before execution, while interpreter translates code line by line during execution.

• Compiler converts entire code into machine code before execution

• Interpreter translates code line by line during execution

• Compiler generates intermediate object code or executable file

• Interpreter does not generate intermediate object code

• Examples: C, C++ compilers vs Python, Ruby interpreters

There are several design patterns in Android, including Singleton, Observer, Factory, and Adapter.

• Some common design patterns in Android include Singleton, Observer, Factory, and Adapter.

• Design patterns help in creating reusable and maintainable code in Android development.

• Singleton pattern ensures that a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

• Observer pattern is used for implementing event handling mechanisms in Android applications.

• Factory p...read more

Operator overloading is the ability to redefine operators for user-defined types. Constructor is a special member function used to initialize objects.

• Operator overloading allows user-defined types to behave like built-in types

• Constructors have the same name as the class and are used to initialize objects

• Default constructor is automatically generated if no constructor is defined

• Copy constructor creates a new object as a copy of an existing object

Program to generate Fibonacci series

• Use a loop to generate the series

• Start with two initial values, 0 and 1

• Add the previous two numbers to get the next number

• Repeat the process until the desired number of terms is reached

The recent version of CodeIgniter is 4.1.3

• CodeIgniter is a PHP framework used for web development

• Version 4.1.3 was released on October 28, 2021

• It includes bug fixes and improvements over the previous version

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. It allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• Polymorphism is achieved through method overriding and method overloading.

• Method overriding allows a subclass to provide a specific implementation of a method that is already defined in its superclass.

• Method overloading allows multiple methods with the same name but different parameters in the same class.

• Polymorphism helps in a...read more

Exceptions in Java can be handled using try-catch blocks and throwing exceptions.

• Use try-catch blocks to handle exceptions in Java.

• Catch specific exceptions using multiple catch blocks.

• Use finally block to execute code regardless of exception.

• Throw custom exceptions using throw keyword.

• Use throws keyword in method signature to declare exceptions that can be thrown.

Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Inheritance: Allowing a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Polymorphism: The ability for objects to be treated as instances of their parent class.

• Abstraction: Hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the necessary features of an obje...read more

The Agile life cycle model emphasizes iterative development, collaboration, and flexibility in software development projects.

• Iterative Development: Projects are divided into small increments called sprints, allowing for regular feedback and adjustments.

• Collaboration: Agile promotes teamwork and communication among developers, stakeholders, and customers to ensure alignment.

• Flexibility: Changes can be made at any stage of the project, accommodating evolving requirements and pr...read more

Find the element with minimum difference between adjacent elements in a sorted array.

• Iterate through the array and calculate the difference between each pair of adjacent elements.

• Keep track of the minimum difference found so far.

• Return the element corresponding to the minimum difference.

OOPS concepts are fundamental principles in object-oriented programming.

• Encapsulation: bundling of data and methods into a single unit (class)

• Inheritance: ability of a class to inherit properties and methods from another class

• Polymorphism: ability to use a single interface to represent different types of objects

• Abstraction: hiding unnecessary details and exposing only essential features

• Encapsulation: binding data and methods together to prevent direct access and modification

Java is safe and secure due to its strong type system, bytecode verification, and security manager.

• Strong type system ensures type safety and prevents errors at compile time.

• Bytecode verification ensures that code loaded by the JVM is safe to run.

• Security manager allows fine-grained control over access to system resources.

• Java's sandboxing feature restricts the actions that a program can perform, enhancing security.

• Java's automatic memory management prevents common vulnerabil...read more

Java and JavaScript are essential programming languages for web and software development.

• Java is a versatile language used for building enterprise applications, Android apps, and server-side development.

• JavaScript is a crucial language for front-end web development, adding interactivity to websites and web applications.

• Both languages have a large community support, extensive libraries, and frameworks for developers to leverage.

I have command over multiple languages including Java, Python, and C++.

• I have experience in developing applications using Java, Python, and C++.

• I am proficient in writing clean and efficient code in these languages.

• I have worked on various projects using these languages, including web development, data analysis, and machine learning.

• I keep myself updated with the latest developments in these languages and their frameworks.

• I am confident in my ability to learn and work with ne...read more

SASS is compiled using a command line tool or a build system.

• SASS is compiled into CSS using a preprocessor.

• The compilation process involves converting SASS code into CSS code.

• There are several ways to compile SASS, such as using the command line tool 'sass' or build systems like Gulp or Webpack.

• The compiled CSS can then be included in the HTML file.

SQL query to retrieve student department id.

• Use SELECT statement to retrieve data

• Specify the columns to be selected, including the department id column

• Specify the table where the student data is stored

• Use WHERE clause to filter the results based on student information

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language with automatic memory management, while C++ is a lower-level language with manual memory management.

• Java is platform-independent, while C++ is platform-dependent.

• Java uses automatic garbage collection, while C++ requires manual memory management.

• Java does not support pointers, while C++ does.

• Java is more secure due to its strong type checking, while C++ allows for more flexibility and control over memory management.

• Ja...read more

MVVM is a design pattern used in software development to separate the user interface from the business logic.

• MVVM stands for Model-View-ViewModel

• Model represents the data and business logic

• View represents the user interface

• ViewModel acts as an intermediary between the Model and View

• MVVM helps in achieving separation of concerns and easier unit testing

• Popular in frameworks like Angular and Vue.js

Query to find the second largest number from MySQL database.

• Use ORDER BY clause to sort the numbers in descending order.

• Use LIMIT clause to limit the result to 2.

• Use OFFSET clause to skip the first largest number.

• Example: SELECT column_name FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name DESC LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1;

The 'div' is a block-level element used for grouping and styling content, while 'id' is a unique identifier used to target specific elements.

• div is a block-level element used for grouping content, while id is an attribute used to uniquely identify an element

• Multiple div elements can have the same class but different ids

• Ids are used for targeting specific elements in CSS or JavaScript