VVDN Technologies Embedded Software Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Aptitude questions include English test, coding test, programming related questions

Q1. What is functional pointer
Ans. 
A functional pointer is a pointer that points to a function instead of a data object.
• Functional pointers are used to call functions indirectly.

• They can be passed as arguments to other functions.

• Example: int (*ptr)(int, int) = &add; where add is a function that takes two integers and returns an integer.
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Q2. What is static keyword in c
Ans. 
The static keyword in C is used to declare variables and functions with a local scope that persists throughout the program's execution.
• Static variables retain their value between function calls

• Static functions can only be called within the file they are defined in

• Static variables are initialized only once at the start of the program

• Static keyword can also be used to limit the scope of global variables to the file they
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Q1. Explain compilation process of c programming
Ans. 
Compilation process of C programming involves preprocessing, compiling, assembling, and linking.
• Preprocessing: Includes header files, macro expansion, and conditional compilation.

• Compiling: Translates source code into assembly code specific to the target platform.

• Assembling: Converts assembly code into machine code in object files.

• Linking: Combines object files and libraries to generate an executable file.
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Q2. Coding questions related to string manupul
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Q1. Very array strings structures
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C coading and basic electronics and logical questions

Q1. Technical question asked
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Q1. Hr questions asked
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Q1. Explain memory layout a C binary.
Ans. 
Memory layout in a C binary refers to how different types of data are stored in memory.
• Memory layout includes sections like text (code), data, bss, heap, and stack.

• Global variables are stored in data section, uninitialized global variables in bss section.

• Dynamic memory allocation using malloc() and calloc() is stored in heap section.

• Local variables and function call information are stored in stack section.

• Example: int ...read more
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Q2. Explain the critical differences between a Structure and a Union.
Ans. 
Structures are used to store different data types under one name, while unions allow different data types to be stored in the same memory location.
• Structures allocate memory for each member separately, while unions share the same memory location for all members.

• Structures are used when all members need to be accessed independently, while unions are used when only one member needs to be accessed at a time.

• Example: struc...read more
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Q3. Write a program that reverses a string without using any of the string library functions.
Ans. 
Program to reverse a string without using string library functions.
• Create a function that takes an input string as an array of characters.

• Use two pointers, one at the beginning and one at the end of the array, swap the characters and move the pointers towards each other until they meet.

• Handle edge cases like empty string or strings with odd number of characters.
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Q1. Explain storage classes with respect to memory layout of a C binary.
Ans. 
Storage classes in C determine the scope, lifetime, and visibility of variables.
• Storage classes include auto, register, static, extern, and typedef.

• Auto variables are stored on the stack and have local scope.

• Register variables are stored in CPU registers for faster access.

• Static variables have global scope but limited visibility.

• Extern variables are declared in one file and can be used in another.

• Typedef is used to cre
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Q2. Write a program to implement linked list using dynamic memory allocation.
Ans. 
Program to implement linked list using dynamic memory allocation
• Allocate memory for each node using malloc() function

• Use pointers to link nodes together

• Free memory using free() function to avoid memory leaks
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Q3. Write a program to implement a IPC concept(anyone of socket, Message queue, pipes ).
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