Embedded Systems Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 2 Aug 2024

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Q1. 1.explain what is a watchdog timer

Ans.

A watchdog timer is a hardware or software component that monitors the operation of a system and resets it if necessary.

A watchdog timer is used to prevent system crashes or lock-ups by resetting the system if it becomes unresponsive.
It is typically implemented as a counter that needs to be periodically reset by the system software.
If the watchdog timer is not reset within a certain time period, it triggers a system reset.
Watchdog timers are commonly used in embedded systems,...read more

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Q2. What are serial communication protocols? Diff between i2c and uart protocols What is Arduino programming? Final year project code?

Ans.

Serial communication protocols are methods used for data transmission between devices. I2C and UART are two common protocols used in embedded systems.

I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) is a synchronous serial communication protocol that uses a master-slave architecture and supports multiple devices on the same bus.
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) is an asynchronous serial communication protocol that uses two wires for data transmission and is commonly used for p...read more

Embedded Systems Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

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Q3. What is the Microcontroller and Microprocessor?

Ans.

A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to perform specific tasks, while a microprocessor is a general-purpose CPU.

Microcontroller is a single-chip computer used in embedded systems
Microcontroller typically includes CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports, and timers
Microcontroller is often used in devices like washing machines, microwave ovens, and automotive control systems
Microprocessor is a standalone CPU used in personal computers and servers
Microprocessor requires e...read more

Q4. what does DMA address will deal with

Ans.

DMA address deals with data transfer between memory and peripherals without CPU intervention.

DMA stands for Direct Memory Access.
DMA address is used to transfer data between memory and peripherals without CPU intervention.
DMA address is used to reduce the load on the CPU and improve system performance.
Examples of peripherals that use DMA include network cards, sound cards, and hard drives.

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Q5. 2.explain what is semaphore

Ans.

Semaphore is a synchronization object used to control access to a shared resource.

Semaphore is a signaling mechanism used to control access to a shared resource
It allows multiple processes/threads to access the shared resource simultaneously
Semaphore maintains a count of the number of resources available
When a process/thread requests access to the resource, the count is decremented
When the process/thread releases the resource, the count is incremented
If the count reaches zero...read more

Q6. what is a interrupt latency

Ans.

Interrupt latency is the time delay between the occurrence of an interrupt and the start of the routine that services the interrupt.

Interrupt latency is a critical factor in real-time systems
It can be affected by factors such as the priority of the interrupt and the current state of the processor
Reducing interrupt latency can improve system performance and responsiveness
Examples of interrupts include hardware interrupts from devices like keyboards and software interrupts from...read more

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Q7. What Is the Embedded ?

Ans.

Embedded systems are specialized computing systems designed to perform specific tasks within a larger system.

Embedded systems are typically designed to be small, efficient, and reliable.
They are often used in devices such as smartphones, digital cameras, and automotive systems.
Embedded systems can be programmed to perform a specific function or set of functions.
They often have limited resources such as memory and processing power.
Examples of embedded systems include microcont...read more

Q8. Brief explanation of protocols

Ans.

Protocols are a set of rules that govern the communication between devices or systems.

Protocols define the format, timing, sequencing, and error checking of messages exchanged between devices.
Examples of protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, Bluetooth, and USB.
Protocols can be classified as either connection-oriented or connectionless.
Connection-oriented protocols establish a dedicated connection between devices before data is transmitted, while connectionless protocols do not requ...read more