VVDN Technologies Embedded Software Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips for Freshers

The most used semiconductor in electronics is silicon.

• Silicon is abundant and has excellent semiconductor properties.

• It is used in microprocessors, memory chips, and other electronic components.

• Other semiconductors like germanium and gallium arsenide are also used in specialized applications.

• Silicon is preferred due to its low cost, high reliability, and ease of manufacturing.

• Advancements in silicon technology have led...read more

Semiconductor doping is used to make a semiconductor p-type or n-type by introducing impurities with different valence electrons.

• To make a semiconductor p-type, impurities with three valence electrons (e.g., boron) are added.

• To make a semiconductor n-type, impurities with five valence electrons (e.g., phosphorus) are added.

• Doping alters the conductivity and creates majority and minority charge carriers.

• P-type has holes...read more

Biasing is the process of providing a DC voltage or current to establish a desired operating point for electronic components.

• Biasing is used to ensure that electronic components operate within their specified range.

• It involves setting the appropriate voltage or current levels to achieve the desired performance.

• Biasing is commonly used in transistors, amplifiers, and other electronic circuits.

• There are different types o...read more

Zener diode is used as a voltage regulator and to protect circuits from overvoltage.

• Zener diode maintains a constant voltage across its terminals when reverse biased

• It is used in voltage regulator circuits to provide a stable output voltage

• Zener diodes are also used to protect circuits from overvoltage by shunting excess voltage to ground

• They are commonly used in power supplies, voltage regulators, and surge protectors

There are three basic logic gates: AND, OR, and NOT.

• AND gate outputs 1 only if all inputs are 1

• OR gate outputs 1 if any input is 1

• NOT gate outputs the opposite of its input

XOR is a logical operator that returns true if and only if both inputs are different.

• XOR is represented by the symbol ^.

• The truth table of XOR has two inputs and one output.

• If both inputs are the same, the output is false. Otherwise, the output is true.

Header files contain declarations of functions, variables, and data structures used in a program.

• Header files are included at the beginning of a source code file using #include directive

• They provide information about the functions and variables used in the program

• They help in avoiding redefinition of functions and variables

• Examples of header files are stdio.h, math.h, string.h, etc.

A program to find prime numbers

• Start with a loop to iterate through numbers

• Check if each number is divisible by any number less than itself

• If not, add it to a list of prime numbers

Conductor, insulator, and semiconductor are materials that conduct electricity in different ways.

• Conductors allow electricity to flow through them easily, such as copper and aluminum wires.

• Insulators do not allow electricity to flow through them easily, such as rubber and plastic.

• Semiconductors have properties of both conductors and insulators, such as silicon and germanium.

• The conductivity of a material can be determi...read more

Semiconductors are used in electronics for their unique electrical properties.

• Semiconductors have a conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.

• They can be used to make transistors, which are essential components in electronic devices.

• Semiconductors are also used in diodes, solar cells, and LEDs.

• They allow for the miniaturization of electronic components and the creation of complex circuits.

• Silicon is the

A diode is an electronic component that allows current to flow in only one direction.

• It has two terminals: an anode and a cathode.

• It is commonly used in rectifiers, voltage regulators, and signal limiters.

• Examples include the 1N4148 and 1N4001 diodes.

Diode is an electronic component that allows current to flow in one direction only.

• Diode has two terminals - anode and cathode.

• It has a forward voltage drop and a reverse breakdown voltage.

• It is commonly used in rectifiers, voltage regulators, and signal demodulators.

Biasing is the process of providing a DC voltage or current to establish a suitable operating point for an electronic device.

• Types of biasing include fixed bias, self-bias, voltage divider bias, and emitter bias.

• Fixed bias involves connecting a DC voltage source directly to the base of a transistor.

• Self-bias involves using a resistor to provide negative feedback to stabilize the operating point.

• Voltage divider bias inv...read more

Semiconductor doping creates p-type or n-type material by adding impurities.

• P-type doping involves adding impurities with fewer valence electrons than the semiconductor material, creating holes that act as positive charge carriers.

• N-type doping involves adding impurities with more valence electrons than the semiconductor material, creating extra electrons that act as negative charge carriers.

• Common p-type dopants inclu...read more