UST Associate Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

OOPs concepts are the principles of Object-Oriented Programming that help in designing and implementing software systems.

• Encapsulation - bundling of data and methods that operate on that data

• Inheritance - creating new classes from existing ones

• Polymorphism - ability of objects to take on many forms

• Abstraction - hiding implementation details and showing only functionality

• Example: A car is an object that encapsulates dat...read more

OSI model has 7 layers that define how data is transmitted over a network.

• Layer 1: Physical layer - deals with physical connections and electrical signals.

• Layer 2: Data link layer - responsible for error-free transfer of data between nodes.

• Layer 3: Network layer - handles routing of data packets between networks.

• Layer 4: Transport layer - ensures reliable data transfer between end-to-end connections.

• Layer 5: Session la...read more

Encryption is the process of converting plain text into a coded message, while decryption is the process of converting the coded message back into plain text.

• Encryption uses an algorithm to scramble the original message into an unreadable format.

• Decryption uses a key to reverse the encryption process and retrieve the original message.

• Symmetric encryption uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, while asymm...read more

Overriding is when a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class. Overloading is when a class has two or more methods with the same name but different parameters.

• Overriding is used for runtime polymorphism while overloading is used for compile-time polymorphism.

• Overriding can only occur in a subclass while overloading can occur in the same class or its subclass.

• O...read more

Method, constructor and destructor are all used in object-oriented programming to define and manipulate objects.

• A method is a function that is associated with an object and can be called to perform an action on that object.

• A constructor is a special method that is called when an object is created and is used to initialize the object's properties.

• A destructor is a special method that is called when an object is destroye...read more

Program is a set of instructions that performs a specific task. Process is an instance of a program in execution. Thread is a subset of a process.

• Program is a set of instructions written in a programming language.

• Process is an instance of a program in execution. It has its own memory space and system resources.

• Thread is a subset of a process. It is a lightweight process that shares the same memory space and system reso...read more

Waterfall model is a linear sequential approach to software development.

• It consists of five stages: Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, and Maintenance.

• Each stage must be completed before moving on to the next.

• It is a rigid model and changes cannot be made easily once a stage is completed.

• It is suitable for projects with well-defined requirements and stable technology.

• Example: Developing a calculator app.