UST Senior Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is defect tracking
Ans. 
Defect tracking is the process of identifying, documenting, prioritizing, and resolving issues or bugs in software.
• Defect tracking involves recording details of defects found during testing.

• Each defect is assigned a unique identifier for tracking purposes.

• Defects are categorized based on severity and priority to determine the order in which they should be fixed.

• Defect tracking tools like Jira, Bugzilla, or HP ALM are c...read more
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Q2. What is the regression testing
Ans. 
Regression testing is the process of retesting a software application to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality.
• Regression testing is performed after code changes to verify that the existing functionality still works correctly.

• It helps in identifying any defects introduced by new code changes.

• Automated testing tools are often used for regression testing to save time and effort.

• R...read more
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Q3. How you will write the test scenario for elevator
Ans. 
Test scenarios for an elevator to ensure proper functionality and safety
• Test the elevator buttons for all floors

• Test emergency stop button functionality

• Test door opening and closing mechanism

• Test elevator capacity by loading it with maximum weight limit

• Test response time for elevator arrival at different floors
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Q1. Questions on Framework
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Q2. Programs on Strings and Collections
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Q3. Selenium scenario based programs on window handling
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Q1. What is unit testing
Ans. 
Unit testing is a software testing method where individual units or components of a software are tested in isolation.
• Unit testing helps in identifying bugs early in the development process

• It ensures that each unit of code is working as expected

• Unit tests are usually automated and run frequently during development

• Examples of unit testing frameworks include JUnit for Java, NUnit for .NET, and pytest for Python
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Q2. How do you perform unit testing
Ans. 
Unit testing is performed by writing test cases for individual units or components of the software to ensure they work as expected.
• Write test cases for each unit or component of the software

• Execute the test cases to verify the functionality of the unit

• Check for expected outcomes and compare with actual results

• Use testing frameworks like JUnit, NUnit, or PyTest

• Automate unit tests to run them regularly during development
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Q3. Which tool you have used to perform unit testing please elaborate
Ans. 
I have used JUnit for performing unit testing in Java projects.
• JUnit is a popular unit testing framework for Java

• It provides annotations like @Test to define test methods

• JUnit assertions like assertEquals are used to verify expected results
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

In this round, the interviewer first started asking me questions around Java and Java 8 and then he switched to OOPS and SQL.

Q1. What are Java 8 streams?
Ans. 
A stream is an abstraction to express data processing queries in a declarative way. 

A Stream, which represents a sequence of data objects & series of operations on that data is a data pipeline that is not related to Java I/O Streams does not hold any data permanently.
The key interface is "java.util.stream.Stream". It accepts Functional Interfaces so that lambdas can be passed. Streams support a fluent interfac
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Q2. What are the features of a lambda expression?
Ans. 
Below are the two significant features of the methods that are defined as the lambda expressions: 

1) Lambda expressions can be passed as a parameter to another method. 
2) Lambda expressions can be standalone without belonging to any class.
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Q3. What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface in OOP?
Ans. 
Answer :
The differences between Abstract Class and Interface are as follows:

Abstract Class:

1) Abstract classes have a default constructor and it is called whenever the concrete subclass is instantiated.
2) It contains Abstract methods as well as Non-Abstract methods.
3) The class which extends the Abstract class shouldn’t require the implementation of all the methods, only Abstract
methods need to be implemented in the co...read more
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Q4. What do you mean by data encapsulation?
Ans. 
1) Data Encapsulation is an Object-Oriented Programming concept of hiding the data attributes and their behaviors in a single unit.

2) It helps developers to follow modularity while developing software by ensuring that each object is independent of other objects by having its own methods, attributes, and functionalities.

3) It is used for the security of the private properties of an object and hence serves the purpose of
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Q5. Can static methods be overridden?
Ans. 
1) No. Declaration of static methods having the same signature can be done in the subclass but run time polymorphism can not take place in such cases.

2) Overriding or dynamic polymorphism occurs during the runtime, but the static methods are loaded and looked up at the compile time statically. Hence, these methods cant be overridden.
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Q6. What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR2 data types in SQL?
Ans. 
Both of these data types are used for characters, but varchar2 is used for character strings of variable length, whereas char is used for character strings of fixed length. For example, if we specify the type as char(5) then we will not be allowed to store a string of any other length in this variable, but if we specify the type of this variable as varchar2(5) then we will be allowed to store strings of variable length...read more
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Q7. What is a view in SQL?
Ans. 
Views in SQL are a kind of virtual table. A view also has rows and columns as they are on a real table in the database. We can create a view by selecting fields from one or more tables present in the database. A View can either have all the rows of a table or specific rows based on certain conditions. 

The CREATE VIEW statement of SQL is used for creating views. 

Basic Syntax : 

CREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELE...read more
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

In this round, the interviewer asked me questions around BDD Frameworks, Cucumber and C#. At the end, I was also asked some basic questions revolving around SQL.

Q1. Can you explain briefly how Behavioral Driven Development (BDD) works?
Ans. 
There are majorly three steps in the working of BDD. They are as follows :-

1) Behaviour Description : We list down the features of our application first in the feature file.

2) Making the Step Definition file : The mapping between each step of the scenario defined in the feature file and a
code of the function to be executed is stored in the steps definition file.

3) Testing and running : We run the test cases to check if...read more
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Q2. What are annotations in Cucumber?
Ans. 
An annotation is a type of text that has been pre-defined and has a specified meaning. It tells the compiler/interpreter
what to do when the program runs. The annotations on Cucumber are as follows:

1) Given : It specifies the requirements for running the test.
Example : Given I have an account on Interviewbit.

2) When : It establishes the starting point for any test scenario.
Example : When I log in to Interviewbit.

3) Then...read more
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Q3. How can you run a selected test from a group of tests in Cucumber?
Ans. 
1) We may execute a single test from a set of tests in the Cucumber framework using the tags idea.

2) This is found in the TestRunner file's @CucumberOptions section. With the use of the @t keyword, we may tag a scenario in the feature file. 

3) A scenario can have one or more tags within the feature file. We can separate test scenarios with the assistance of tagging. 

4) We must pass the value within the tags a...read more
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Q4. What is the difference between an Array and an ArrayList in C#?
Ans. 
An array is a collection of similar variables clubbed together under one common name. While ArrayList is a collection of objects that can be indexed individually. With ArrayList you can access a number of features like dynamic memory allocation, adding, searching, and sorting items in the ArrayList. 

1) When declaring an array the size of the items is fixed therefore, the memory allocation is fixed. But with ArrayL...read more
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Q5. What is Reflection in C#?
Ans. 
Reflection in C# extracts metadata from the datatypes during runtime. 

To add reflection in the .NET framework, simply use System.Refelction namespace in your program to retrieve the type which can be anything from :

1) Assembly
2) Module
3) Enum
4) MethodInfo
5) ConstructorInfo
6) MemberInfo
7) ParameterInfo
8) Type
9) FieldInfo
10) EventInfo
11) PropertyInfo
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Q6. How do you find the second highest salary from a table in SQL?
Ans. 
Approach : Sort the distinct salary in descend order and then utilize the LIMIT clause to get the second highest salary.

Query : 

SELECT DISTINCT Salary
FROM Employee
ORDER BY Salary DESC
LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1;
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Q7. What is the ALIAS command in SQL?
Ans. 
Aliases are the temporary names given to a table or column for the purpose of a particular SQL query. It is used when the name of a column or table is used other than their original name, but the modified name is only temporary.

1) Aliases are created to make table or column names more readable.
2) The renaming is just a temporary change and the table name does not change in the original database.
3) Aliases are useful wh...read more
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Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This was a Technical Cum HR round where I was first asked some basic Java related concepts and then we discussed
about my expectations from the company , learnings and growth in the forthcomig years. I would suggest be honest and
try to communicate your thoughts properly in these type of rounds to maximise your chances of getting selected.

Q1. Why should we hire you?
Ans. 
Tip 1 : The cross questioning can go intense some time, think before you speak.

Tip 2 : Be open minded and answer whatever you are thinking, in these rounds I feel it is important to have opinion.

Tip 3 : Context of questions can be switched, pay attention to the details. It is okay to ask questions in these round,
like what are the projects currently the company is investing, which team you are mentoring. How all is the ...read more
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Q1. 1. About current project and roles and responsibilities 2. Explain framework 3. Java coding question- level was easy 4. About framework, selenium and testng
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