Test Yantra Software Solutions Associate Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced

Coading round basic oops concept

Q1. One on one with hr
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Q1. What is spring boot
Ans. 
Spring Boot is a framework that simplifies the development of Java applications by providing pre-configured settings and tools.
• Spring Boot eliminates the need for manual configuration by providing defaults for most settings.

• It allows developers to quickly set up and run standalone Spring-based applications.

• Spring Boot includes embedded servers like Tomcat, Jetty, or Undertow for easy deployment.

• It promotes convention o...read more
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Q2. Why string is immutable
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String is immutable in order to ensure data integrity and security.
• Immutable strings prevent accidental changes to data, ensuring data integrity.

• Immutable strings allow for more efficient memory management and optimization.

• Immutable strings help prevent security vulnerabilities such as injection attacks.

• Example: In Java, once a string object is created, its value cannot be changed.
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Q1. What is hoisting?
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Hoisting is a JavaScript mechanism where variable and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope during compilation.
• Variable and function declarations are hoisted to the top of their scope.

• Only declarations are hoisted, not initializations.

• Function declarations take precedence over variable declarations.

• Hoisting can lead to unexpected behavior if not understood properly.
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Q2. What are es6 features?
Ans. 
ES6 features are new additions to JavaScript introduced in ECMAScript 2015.
• Arrow functions

• Let and const declarations

• Template literals

• Destructuring assignments

• Classes

• Promises

• Modules
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Q3. What is difference between let, const and vat?
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let is block scoped, const is immutable, var is function scoped
• let: block scoped, can be reassigned

• const: block scoped, cannot be reassigned, but properties of objects can be changed

• var: function scoped, can be reassigned
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Q4. Write a program to sort an array.
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Program to sort an array of strings
• Use a sorting algorithm like bubble sort, selection sort, or merge sort

• Iterate through the array and compare adjacent elements to sort them

• Ensure the sorting algorithm is efficient and handles edge cases
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Q5. Difference between map and for each?
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Map applies a function to each element of an array and returns a new array, while forEach iterates over each element without returning a new array.
• Map returns a new array with the results of applying a function to each element of the original array.

• forEach simply iterates over each element of the array without returning a new array.

• Example: Using map to double each element in an array - [1, 2, 3].map(num => num * 2) wo...read more
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Q6. Write an arrow function.
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An arrow function is a concise way to write functions in JavaScript.
• Arrow functions are written using the '=>' syntax.

• They do not have their own 'this' keyword.

• They are often used for short, one-line functions.

• Example: const add = (a, b) => a + b;
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Q1. How to acheve encapsulation
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Encapsulation is achieved by restricting access to certain components of an object and only allowing access through designated methods.
• Use access modifiers like private, protected, and public to control access to class members

• Create getter and setter methods to access and modify private variables

• Encapsulate related data and methods within a class to ensure data integrity
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Q2. Difference between overloading and overriding
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Overloading is having multiple methods in the same class with the same name but different parameters. Overriding is having a method in a subclass with the same name and parameters as a method in the superclass.
• Overloading is resolved at compile time based on the method signature, while overriding is resolved at runtime based on the object type.

• Overloading is used to provide different implementations of a method based o...read more
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Q3. Upcasting and down castings
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