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The Singleton pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
Restricts instantiation of a class to a single object.
Useful for managing shared resources, like database connections.
Implemented using a private constructor and a static method.
Example in Java: public class Singleton { private static Singleton instance; private Singleton() {} public static Singleton getInstance...
Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.
Normalization involves dividing a database into tables and defining relationships between them.
It typically includes several normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, etc.) to eliminate redundancy.
For example, in 1NF, each column must contain atomic values, like separating first and last names into different columns.
In...
OOP is a programming paradigm based on objects that encapsulate data and behavior, promoting code reusability and modularity.
Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data within one unit (e.g., a class).
Inheritance: Mechanism to create a new class from an existing class, inheriting attributes and methods (e.g., a 'Dog' class inheriting from an 'Animal' class).
Polymorphism: Ability to present th...
I am proficient in Python, with experience in scripting, automation, and data analysis across various projects.
Developed automation scripts using Python to streamline data processing tasks, reducing manual effort by 50%.
Utilized libraries like Pandas and NumPy for data analysis and manipulation in projects involving large datasets.
Created RESTful APIs using Flask to facilitate communication between front-end appli...
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OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm based on objects and classes, promoting code reusability and modularity.
Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data within one unit (class). Example: A 'Car' class with attributes like 'color' and methods like 'drive()'.
Inheritance: Mechanism to create a new class from an existing class. Example: 'ElectricCar' inherits from 'Car', a...
Key programming concepts include variables, control structures, data types, functions, and object-oriented principles.
Variables: Store data values. Example: int age = 30;
Control Structures: Direct the flow of execution. Example: if (age > 18) { /* code */ }
Data Types: Define the type of data. Example: String name = 'John';
Functions: Reusable blocks of code. Example: void greet() { /* code */ }
Object-Oriented Pr...
ACID properties ensure database transactions are reliable, but they don't directly prevent deadlocks.
Atomicity: Ensures transactions are all-or-nothing, reducing partial locks that can lead to deadlocks.
Consistency: Maintains database integrity, which can help avoid conflicting transactions that cause deadlocks.
Isolation: Controls how transactions interact, but high isolation levels can increase deadlock risk if n...
This Java program identifies the employee with the highest salary from a list of employees using Java 8 features.
Employee Class: Create an Employee class with fields for name, id, and salary.
List of Employees: Use a List to store multiple Employee objects.
Stream API: Utilize Java 8 Stream API to process the list and find the maximum salary.
Comparator: Use a Comparator to compare Employee objects based on their sal...
The Singleton Design Pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
Single Instance: The Singleton pattern restricts the instantiation of a class to one single instance.
Global Access: It provides a global point of access to that instance, making it easy to use throughout the application.
Eager Initialization: In eager initialization, the instance is created at the time of ...
This Java program calculates the factorial of a number using only prime numbers in the calculation process.
Prime Number Check: Implement a method to check if a number is prime, as only primes will be used in the factorial calculation.
Factorial Calculation: Iterate through numbers up to the given number, multiplying only the prime numbers to compute the twisted factorial.
Example: For input 5, the primes are 2, 3, a...
I applied via Company Website and was interviewed in Jul 2024. There were 4 interview rounds.
Aptitude contains general arithmetic aptitude, logical questions, english
2 codes, easy and medium questions
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet, allowing users to access and store data and applications remotely.
Cloud computing allows users to access data and applications from any device with an internet connection.
It eliminates the need for physical hardware and on-site data centers.
Examples of cloud computing services include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Pl...
Use Python's print function to display a dictionary.
Use the print function with the dictionary as the argument.
The dictionary will be displayed in key-value pairs.
You can also use a loop to print each key-value pair individually.
Heap memory is used for dynamic memory allocation, while stack memory is used for static memory allocation.
Heap memory is allocated at runtime and can be accessed randomly, while stack memory is allocated at compile time and is accessed in a LIFO manner.
Heap memory is managed by the programmer, while stack memory is managed by the compiler.
Heap memory is typically used for storing objects and data structures, while sta...
Exception handling in Java is a mechanism to handle runtime errors and prevent program crashes.
Use try-catch blocks to handle exceptions
Use finally block to execute code regardless of exception
Use throw keyword to manually throw exceptions
Use throws keyword in method signature to declare exceptions that can be thrown
Python has various built-in data types including integers, floats, strings, lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries.
Integers: Whole numbers, e.g., x = 5.
Floats: Decimal numbers, e.g., y = 3.14.
Strings: Text data, e.g., name = 'Alice'.
Lists: Ordered, mutable collections, e.g., numbers = [1, 2, 3].
Tuples: Ordered, immutable collections, e.g., coords = (10, 20).
Sets: Unordered collections of unique elements, e.g., unique_nu...
I worked on a project to implement a new network infrastructure for a large company.
Designed network architecture to support increased data traffic
Implemented new hardware and software solutions
Tested and optimized network performance
Collaborated with cross-functional teams to ensure project success
Our company is a leading technology firm specializing in providing innovative solutions for businesses.
Founded in 2005
Headquartered in Silicon Valley
Specializes in cloud computing and cybersecurity
Clients include Fortune 500 companies
Award-winning products and services
Questions on logical aptitude and reasoning
XPath in Selenium is a powerful way to navigate through elements and attributes in an XML document.
1. Absolute XPath: Starts from the root node. Example: '/html/body/div'.
2. Relative XPath: Starts from the current node. Example: '//div[@class='example']'.
3. XPath with Attributes: Uses attributes to find elements. Example: '//input[@id='username']'.
4. XPath with Functions: Uses functions like 'contains()'. Example: '//a...
TestNG annotations are used to define test methods, configuration, and execution flow in Java testing frameworks.
@BeforeSuite: Runs once before all tests in the suite. Example: @BeforeSuite public void setupSuite() {}
@Test: Marks a method as a test method. Example: @Test public void testMethod() {}
@AfterMethod: Runs after each test method. Example: @AfterMethod public void tearDown() {}
@BeforeClass: Runs once before th...
I applied via Company Website and was interviewed in May 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
I appeared for an interview in May 2024.
Digital role is for those who clear one coding question in TCS NQT.
The smallest real-time project in Java could be a simple chat application, while the biggest could be a complex financial trading system.
Smallest real-time project in Java: Chat application
Biggest real-time project in Java: Financial trading system
Big Data refers to large and complex data sets that cannot be easily processed using traditional data processing applications.
For performing actions on 2 billion entries, tec...
TCS NQT APTITUDE+ CODING I GOT PRIME AS I SUBMITTED 2 CODES
Using dynamic programming to solve the jump game problem on arrays.
Create a DP array to store if it is possible to reach each index from the start.
Iterate through the array and update the DP array based on the maximum reachable index.
Return true if the last index is reachable, false otherwise.
I want to join TCS because of its reputation for innovation, global presence, and opportunities for career growth.
TCS is known for its cutting-edge technology solutions and innovative projects.
I am impressed by TCS's global presence and diverse client base.
I believe TCS offers excellent opportunities for career growth and professional development.
I appeared for an interview in Mar 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
Asynchronous programming in threads allows tasks to run independently, improving efficiency and responsiveness in applications.
Use callbacks to handle results once a thread completes its task.
Implement futures or promises to manage asynchronous results.
Utilize thread pools to manage multiple threads efficiently.
Example: In Java, use CompletableFuture for non-blocking operations.
In Python, use the asyncio library to run...
Some of the top questions asked at the TCS System Engineer interview for freshers -
The duration of TCS System Engineer interview process can vary, but typically it takes about less than 2 weeks to complete.
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