Systra Consulting Structural Design Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

The process to build an Etabs model involves defining the geometry, assigning properties and loads, and analyzing the structure.

• Define the geometry of the structure using nodes, lines, and areas

• Assign properties to the elements such as material type, section size, and boundary conditions

• Apply loads to the structure such as dead loads, live loads, and seismic loads

• Analyze the structure using the software's analysis tool...read more

Lateral forces in a building flow from the top to the bottom through the structural system.

• Lateral forces are caused by wind, earthquakes, and other external factors.

• The building's structural system, including walls, columns, and beams, must be designed to resist these forces.

• The lateral forces are transferred from the top of the building to the foundation through the structural system.

• The foundation must be designed t...read more

Static analysis deals with loads that do not change over time, while dynamic analysis considers loads that vary with time.

• Static analysis is used to determine the effects of loads that do not change over time, such as dead loads and live loads.

• Dynamic analysis considers loads that vary with time, such as wind loads, seismic loads, and vibrations.

• Static analysis is simpler and less computationally intensive compared to ...read more

Spectral fatigue analysis is performed by calculating the stress response of a structure to dynamic loads over a range of frequencies.

• Determine the dynamic loads acting on the structure

• Calculate the stress response of the structure using spectral methods

• Analyze the stress response at different frequencies to assess fatigue damage

• Consider factors such as material properties, load history, and environmental conditions

• Use...read more

I prioritize transparency, disclose the conflict, and recuse myself if necessary.

• Prioritize transparency and disclose the conflict to all parties involved

• Evaluate the situation and determine if recusal is necessary

• Seek guidance from a supervisor or ethics committee if unsure how to proceed

My notice period is currently one month.

• Notice period is one month

• I am required to give one month notice before leaving my current position

• I can start a new position after one month

Fixed connection does not allow rotation at the base plate, while pinned connection allows rotation.

• Fixed connection is rigid and does not allow rotation at the base plate.

• Pinned connection allows rotation at the base plate.

• Fixed connection provides more stability and resistance to lateral forces.

• Pinned connection is more flexible and allows for some movement.

• Examples: Fixed connection is commonly used in high-rise bui...read more

The rise is the vertical distance between two consecutive steps, while the tread is the horizontal distance.

• The rise is typically around 7-8 inches, while the tread is usually around 10-11 inches.

• The rise and tread dimensions are important for ensuring safe and comfortable stair design.

• Building codes often dictate the minimum and maximum rise and tread dimensions for safety reasons.

Pitch distance in bolt refers to the distance between the centers of adjacent bolts in a bolted connection.

• Pitch distance is typically measured from the center of one bolt to the center of the next bolt in a row.

• It is important to maintain consistent pitch distances to ensure proper load distribution and structural integrity.

• For example, in a bolted connection with a pitch distance of 2 inches, the centers of adjacent

To create a pipe rack section on both directions.

• Identify the location and dimensions for the pipe rack section

• Consider the load requirements and support structures

• Design the pipe rack section using appropriate materials and connections

• Ensure proper spacing and alignment for pipes in both directions

Yes, I have extensive experience with basements and below ground structures.

• I have designed and analyzed numerous basements for residential and commercial buildings.

• I am familiar with waterproofing techniques and soil mechanics related to below ground structures.

• I have experience with retaining walls, foundations, and underground parking structures.

• I have worked on projects involving deep excavations and shoring system...read more

Earthquake loads are calculated using seismic design codes and formulas based on the seismic hazard of the region.

• Determine the seismic hazard of the region using historical data and seismic maps

• Select a seismic design code such as ASCE 7 or Eurocode 8

• Calculate the seismic base shear using the formula V = CsW

• Distribute the seismic base shear to the structure using the appropriate load combinations

• Consider the effects o...read more

I have over 10 years of experience working as a structural engineer in various industries.

• Worked on designing and analyzing structural components for commercial buildings

• Managed a team of engineers to ensure projects were completed on time and within budget

• Collaborated with architects and contractors to address design challenges and modifications

• Performed site visits and inspections to ensure structural integrity and s