Structures Online Design Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy.

• It studies the transfer of energy in the form of heat and work.

• It involves concepts like temperature, pressure, and entropy.

• Examples include the efficiency of engines and refrigerators based on thermodynamic principles.

Torque is a twisting force that causes rotation, while bending moment is a force that causes an object to bend.

• Torque is a rotational force applied to an object, typically measured in Newton-meters (Nm)

• Bending moment is a force that causes an object to bend or flex, typically measured in Newton-meters (Nm)

• Torque is commonly seen in applications like tightening bolts or rotating machinery

• Bending moment is often encounte...read more

A control module is a device that manages and regulates the operation of a system, while a relay module is a device that controls the flow of electrical current.

• Control modules are responsible for monitoring and adjusting various parameters in a system, such as temperature, pressure, or speed.

• Relay modules act as switches that open or close circuits to control the flow of electrical current.

• Control modules are typicall...read more

The system architecture of FAS (Fire Alarm System) and BMS (Building Management System) involves the integration of various components and subsystems to ensure efficient monitoring and control of fire safety and building operations.

• FAS system architecture typically includes fire detectors, control panels, notification devices, and communication interfaces.

• BMS system architecture typically includes sensors, controllers,...read more

BOQ quantity for FAS system can be calculated by determining the required components and their quantities.

• Identify the components needed for the FAS system

• Determine the quantity of each component required based on project specifications

• Consider factors such as system size, layout, and design requirements

• Calculate the total quantity by summing up the quantities of all components

• Example: If the FAS system requires 10 smo...read more

Types of LOD (Level of Development) include LOD 100, LOD 200, LOD 300, LOD 400, and LOD 500.

• LOD 100: Conceptual design with basic geometric shapes.

• LOD 200: Design development with more detailed elements and approximate quantities.

• LOD 300: Fully coordinated model with accurate quantities and sizes.

• LOD 400: Fabrication and assembly details included.

• LOD 500: As-built model with exact details for maintenance and operations

I have a strong skill set in CAD software such as SolidWorks and AutoCAD, as well as experience with simulation software like ANSYS.

• Proficient in CAD software like SolidWorks and AutoCAD

• Experience with simulation software such as ANSYS

• Familiar with other engineering software tools like MATLAB and LabVIEW

There are multiple methods used to forecast population.

• Demographic analysis

• Cohort-component method

• Time series analysis

• Mathematical models

• Survival analysis

• Migration analysis

ESR capacity can be calculated by measuring the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of a component or circuit.

• ESR capacity is determined by measuring the ESR of the component or circuit.

• ESR is the resistance that exists in series with the ideal capacitance of a component.

• To calculate ESR capacity, use an ESR meter or measure the voltage drop across a known current.

• ESR capacity is important in determining the performance...read more

Peak factors are used in distribution design to account for peak loads and ensure safe and efficient operation.

• Peak factors are used to determine the maximum load that a distribution system can handle.

• They take into consideration factors such as diversity of loads, power factor, and future growth.

• For example, a peak factor of 1.5 means that the system should be designed to handle 50% more than the average load.

• Peak fac...read more

The minimum residual pressure in SVS refers to the lowest pressure that remains in the system after it has been depressurized.

• The minimum residual pressure is important to ensure the system is properly depressurized and safe for maintenance or repair.

• It is typically measured in units of pressure, such as psi or bar.

• The specific value of the minimum residual pressure can vary depending on the design and requirements of ...read more

Components in a water supply scheme include pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, and treatment facilities.

• Pipes: Used to transport water from the source to the distribution network.

• Pumps: Provide the necessary pressure to move water through the system.

• Valves: Control the flow and direction of water within the scheme.

• Storage tanks: Store water for peak demand periods or emergencies.

• Treatment facilities: Purify and disin

The design period for distribution system and headwork refers to the expected lifespan or duration for which the system is designed to function effectively.

• The design period is determined based on factors such as expected growth, technological advancements, and maintenance requirements.

• It is important to consider the long-term needs and goals of the distribution system and headwork when determining the design period.

• Fo...read more

The design period for pumping machinery and ESR refers to the intended lifespan or duration of operation for the equipment.

• The design period is typically determined based on factors such as expected usage, maintenance requirements, and technological advancements.

• It is important to consider the design period when selecting materials, components, and manufacturing processes to ensure durability and reliability.

• For exampl...read more