30+ Trainee Design Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Doubly reinforced beam has reinforcement in both tension and compression zones, while singly reinforced beam has reinforcement only in tension zone.

• Doubly reinforced beam can withstand higher loads and bending moments.

• Singly reinforced beam is simpler and cheaper to construct.

• Doubly reinforced beam is used in structures with heavy loads or long spans.

• Singly reinforced beam is used in structures with lighter loads or shorter spans.

• Doubly reinforced beam has steel reinforcement...read more

Shape factor is a measure of the efficiency of a beam's cross-sectional shape in resisting bending. Different types of beams in steel structures include I-beams, H-beams, and C-beams.

• Shape factor is calculated by dividing the moment of inertia of the beam's cross-section by the product of the beam's width and the cube of its depth.

• I-beams are commonly used in construction due to their high strength-to-weight ratio.

• H-beams are similar to I-beams but have wider flanges.

• C-beams,...read more

Cooling tower in power plant is used to remove excess heat from the water used in the cooling system.

• Cooling tower helps in maintaining the temperature of water used in the cooling system.

• It removes excess heat from the water and releases it into the atmosphere.

• This helps in preventing overheating of the equipment and ensures efficient operation.

• Examples of cooling towers include natural draft, mechanical draft, and hybrid cooling towers.

Point of contraflexure is where bending moment changes sign in a beam.

• It is the point where bending moment is zero.

• It occurs in simply supported beams at the center.

• In cantilever beams, it occurs at the fixed end.

• In overhanging beams, it occurs at the free end of the overhang.

• It is important to consider in beam design to prevent failure.

GD&T stands for Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, which is a system used to define and communicate engineering tolerances.

• GD&T is used to specify the allowable variation in form, orientation, and location of features on a part or assembly

• It uses symbols and language to communicate design intent and ensure parts are manufactured correctly

• Examples of GD&T symbols include concentricity, perpendicularity, and position

• GD&T is commonly used in industries such as aerospace, au...read more

Slope and deflections of cantilever and simply supported beams under standard loading system.

• Cantilever beams have fixed support at one end and free at the other.

• Simply supported beams have support at both ends.

• Standard loading system includes point load, uniformly distributed load, and triangular load.

• Slope is the angle of deflection at a point on the beam.

• Deflection is the displacement of a point on the beam from its original position.

I would rate myself 8 out of 10 in Design Software.

• I have extensive experience using design software such as AutoCAD, SolidWorks, and Adobe Creative Suite.

• I have completed several design projects using these software tools, including creating 3D models and producing detailed technical drawings.

• I am proficient in using design software to analyze and optimize designs, ensuring they meet functional and aesthetic requirements.

• I continuously update my skills and stay up-to-date wi...read more

To create dimensions of a 2D profile from a drawing, measure the length, width, and any other relevant dimensions accurately.

• Measure the length and width of the profile accurately using a ruler or caliper

• Identify any specific dimensions mentioned in the drawing, such as angles or radii

• Use a protractor to measure any angles mentioned in the drawing

• Consider any tolerances or constraints mentioned in the drawing

• Create a detailed dimensioned sketch based on the measurements taken

Basic tools in AutoCAD include line, circle, rectangle, arc, and hatch.

• Line tool: used to draw straight lines

• Circle tool: used to draw circles

• Rectangle tool: used to draw rectangles

• Arc tool: used to draw arcs

• Hatch tool: used to fill an enclosed area with a pattern or color

Chimney in power plant is used to release the exhaust gases produced during the combustion process.

• Chimney helps in maintaining the air quality by releasing the harmful gases at a higher altitude.

• It prevents the accumulation of toxic gases in the plant and surrounding areas.

• The height of the chimney is designed based on the amount of gases produced and the wind speed in the area.

• Chimneys can also be equipped with scrubbers to remove pollutants before releasing the gases.

• Examp...read more

A circle can be drawn using a compass or by plotting points equidistant from a central point.

• Use a compass to draw a circle by fixing the center point and rotating the pencil around it.

• Plot points on a graph that are all equidistant from a central point to create a circle.

• In digital design software, use the circle tool to draw a perfect circle.

The least count of a calibration instrument refers to the smallest measurement that can be accurately read or displayed by the instrument.

• Least count is determined by the precision of the instrument's scale or digital display.

• For example, a caliper with a least count of 0.1 mm can accurately measure to the nearest 0.1 mm.

• Software information calibration involves ensuring that the software used to read and record measurements is accurate and calibrated to the instrument's leas...read more

Cooling towers are used in power plants to remove excess heat from the process water.

• Natural draft cooling towers

• Mechanical draft cooling towers

• Crossflow cooling towers

• Counterflow cooling towers

• Wet cooling towers

• Dry cooling towers

The maximum and minimum percentage of steel in columns depends on various factors such as the type of column, its height, and the load it needs to bear.

• The percentage of steel in columns can range from 0.5% to 6% depending on the type of column.

• For short columns, the percentage of steel can be as low as 0.5% while for tall columns, it can go up to 6%.

• The load that the column needs to bear also plays a crucial role in determining the percentage of steel.

• For example, a column t...read more

AutoCAD tools are software features used for designing and drafting in AutoCAD software.

• Line tool: Used to draw straight lines.

• Circle tool: Used to draw circles and arcs.

• Trim tool: Used to trim or extend objects to meet the edges of other objects.

• Offset tool: Used to create parallel lines, concentric circles, and parallel curves.

• Hatch tool: Used to fill enclosed areas with a solid color or pattern.

• Dimension tool: Used to add dimensions to drawings for accurate measurements.

• Bl...read more

To draw a spherical object in Creo, use the revolve feature and select a circle as the profile.

• Create a sketch of a circle on the desired plane

• Use the revolve feature and select the circle as the profile

• Specify the axis of revolution as the center of the circle

• Adjust the angle of revolution to 360 degrees to create a full sphere

• Finish the feature and adjust any necessary dimensions or parameters

Three circuits can be connected in parallel by connecting their positive and negative terminals together.

• Connect the positive terminals of all three circuits together.

• Connect the negative terminals of all three circuits together.

• Ensure that the voltage and current ratings of the circuits are compatible.

• Parallel connection increases the overall current capacity of the circuit.

• Examples include connecting multiple batteries in parallel to increase their capacity.

The designing process of an object involves several stages such as research, conceptualization, prototyping, testing, and refinement.

• Research: Gather information about the object's purpose, target audience, and existing designs.

• Conceptualization: Generate ideas and create sketches or digital models.

• Prototyping: Build physical or digital prototypes to test functionality and aesthetics.

• Testing: Evaluate the prototype's performance, usability, and user feedback.

• Refinement: Make ...read more

Drawing features refer to the specific elements or characteristics depicted in a technical drawing.

• Drawing features include dimensions, annotations, symbols, and geometric shapes.

• Dimensions provide measurements and specify the size and location of objects.

• Annotations provide additional information or notes about the drawing.

• Symbols represent specific objects, materials, or processes.

• Geometric shapes depict the form and structure of objects.

• Examples of drawing features include...read more

Limits Fit and Tolerances are terms used in engineering to define the acceptable range of dimensions for a part or assembly.

• Limits Fit refers to the relationship between the maximum and minimum size of mating parts.

• Tolerances are the allowable variations in dimensions for a part or assembly.

• Limits Fit and Tolerances ensure proper functionality, interchangeability, and assembly of components.

• Examples of Limits Fit include clearance fit, interference fit, and transition fit.

• Tol...read more

To save a file in AutoCAD, you can use the 'Save' or 'Save As' options in the File menu.

• Click on the 'File' menu in AutoCAD

• Select 'Save' or 'Save As' option

• Choose the location and name for the file

• Click 'Save' to save the file

The minimum percentage of steel in a slab depends on various factors such as load, span, and thickness.

• The minimum percentage of steel in a slab is generally 0.15% to 0.2% of the cross-sectional area.

• The percentage of steel may vary depending on the type of slab, such as one-way or two-way slab.

• The thickness of the slab also plays a crucial role in determining the minimum percentage of steel.

• The load and span of the slab also affect the minimum percentage of steel required.

• Th...read more

To make a plastic mould dia, you need to design the mould cavity and core with the desired diameter.

• Design the mould cavity and core with the required diameter

• Consider shrinkage of the plastic material when designing the mould

• Use CAD software to create a 3D model of the mould

• Select the appropriate material for the mould based on the type of plastic being used

Various types of plastic are used in the automotive industry for different purposes.

• Polypropylene (PP) is used for bumpers, dashboards, and interior trims.

• Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) is used for exterior trims, grills, and wheel covers.

• Polycarbonate (PC) is used for headlights, taillights, and instrument panels.

• Polyurethane (PU) is used for seats, armrests, and headrests.

• Polyethylene (PE) is used for fuel tanks and pipes.

• Polyamide (PA) is used for air intake manifol...read more

Yes, resistance generally increases with temperature.

• In most materials, resistance increases with temperature due to increased collisions between electrons and atoms.

• This phenomenon is known as positive temperature coefficient (PTC) of resistance.

• However, in some materials like semiconductors, resistance decreases with temperature due to increased mobility of charge carriers.

• This is known as negative temperature coefficient (NTC) of resistance.

Types of plastics used in die design include thermoplastics, thermosets, and elastomers.

• Thermoplastics can be melted and reformed, such as ABS and polyethylene

• Thermosets are set during molding and cannot be remelted, like epoxy and phenolic resins

• Elastomers are flexible and rubber-like, such as silicone and neoprene

Setting a scale for a die involves determining the size and dimensions of the die based on the desired output.

• Understand the specifications and requirements for the die

• Calculate the dimensions and size of the die based on the material and design

• Consider factors such as tolerance, material properties, and production process

• Use CAD software for precise design and measurements

• Test the die with sample materials to ensure accuracy and functionality

Working software is software that is functional, reliable, and meets the requirements of the end users.

• Working software should be able to perform the tasks it was designed for without errors or bugs.

• It should be reliable and consistent in its performance.

• The software should meet the needs and expectations of the end users.

• Regular updates and maintenance should be done to ensure the software remains in working condition.

• Examples: Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, Google Chrom...read more

Types of material and GD&T

• Materials can be classified as metals, polymers, ceramics, and composites

• GD&T stands for Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing

• GD&T is a system of symbols and rules used to specify the geometry of mechanical parts

• GD&T helps to ensure that parts are manufactured to the correct size, shape, and orientation

• GD&T includes symbols for features like flatness, parallelism, perpendicularity, and circularity

Manufacturing processes are methods used to create products from raw materials, involving various techniques and machinery.

• Casting: pouring molten material into a mold to create a solid shape (e.g. metal casting)

• Machining: removing material from a workpiece to achieve desired shape and size (e.g. milling, turning)

• Forming: shaping materials using force or pressure (e.g. bending, stamping)

• Joining: combining multiple parts to create a single product (e.g. welding, soldering)

• Addi...read more

AC and DC are two types of electrical current. AC changes direction periodically while DC flows in one direction only.

• AC stands for Alternating Current and DC stands for Direct Current

• AC is used for power transmission over long distances while DC is used for short distances

• AC can be easily converted to different voltages using transformers while DC cannot

• AC is used in household appliances while DC is used in electronic devices such as computers and mobile phones

Autocad is a software used for creating 2D and 3D drawings for engineering designs.

• Autocad is a popular software used by design engineers for creating precise 2D drawings.

• It also allows for the creation of detailed 3D models for visualization and analysis.

• Autocad offers a wide range of tools for drafting, modeling, and annotation.

• Design engineers use Autocad to create blueprints, schematics, and technical drawings for various projects.

• Proficiency in Autocad is essential for d...read more

Worked as a design intern at XYZ Engineering, where I assisted in creating CAD models and conducting simulations.

• Assisted in creating CAD models for new product designs

• Conducted simulations to test the performance of prototypes

• Collaborated with senior engineers to refine designs based on feedback