Param Renewable Energy Interview Questions and Answers

DFIG stands for Doubly Fed Induction Generator, while non-DFIG refers to generators that do not have this feature.

• DFIG has two sets of windings - one connected to the grid and the other to a converter, allowing for variable speed operation.

• Non-DFIG generators do not have this dual winding feature and typically operate at fixed speeds.

• DFIG systems are more flexible and efficient in capturing wind energy compared to non-...read more

There are typically 2 PCH cards in a wind turbine generator (WTG).

• Most WTGs have 2 PCH cards for redundancy and reliability.

• PCH cards are responsible for monitoring and controlling various aspects of the turbine.

• Having 2 PCH cards allows for one to take over in case of failure in the other.

IGBT stands for Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, a semiconductor device used for switching power in electronic devices.

• IGBT is a type of power semiconductor device that combines the high efficiency of a MOSFET with the high current and low saturation voltage capability of a bipolar transistor.

• It is commonly used in applications such as motor drives, inverters, and power supplies.

• IGBT operates by controlling the volta...read more

PR Indicate stands for Permanent Reference Indicate. It is a benchmark point used for measurements and alignments in construction projects.

• PR Indicate is a fixed point of reference used by site engineers for accurate measurements and alignments.

• It is typically a permanent fixture on the site, such as a benchmark or a known point on a building.

• PR Indicate helps ensure consistency and accuracy in construction work.

• For ex...read more

CUF stands for Coefficient of Utilization Factor, which is a measure of the efficiency of a lighting system in distributing light to a given area.

• CUF is used in lighting design to determine how effectively a lighting fixture illuminates a space.

• It is calculated by dividing the illuminance at a specific point on a work plane by the illuminance directly below the fixture.

• A higher CUF indicates better light distribution a...read more

PR stands for Public Relations and CUF stands for Cubic Feet.

• PR in engineering can also stand for Permanent Resident, but in this context it likely refers to Public Relations.

• CUF is a unit of measurement for volume, commonly used in construction and engineering.

• PR is important for maintaining good relationships with clients and stakeholders.

• CUF is used to measure the volume of materials like concrete or soil on a const...read more

PR performance ratio and capacity utilization factor are key metrics used to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of a site engineer's work.

• PR performance ratio measures the ratio of planned work to actual work completed, indicating how well the engineer is sticking to the project schedule.

• Capacity utilization factor measures how efficiently resources are being used on a project, helping to identify areas for improv...read more

Transformers can experience various faults, impacting performance and reliability, including insulation failure and overheating.

• Insulation Failure: Breakdown of insulation materials can lead to short circuits.

• Overheating: Excessive heat can cause damage to windings and insulation.

• Core Saturation: Can result in increased losses and overheating.

• Electrical Faults: Short circuits or ground faults can disrupt operation.

• Mech...read more

Common defects in solar PV modules during operation include performance issues, physical damage, and electrical failures.

• Delamination: Separation of layers in the module, leading to reduced efficiency.

• Hot spots: Overheating in specific areas due to shading or manufacturing defects, causing potential damage.

• Micro-cracks: Small fractures in the solar cells that can lead to performance degradation over time.

• Corrosion: Dam...read more

Documents at sites ensure quality control, compliance, and effective communication in engineering projects.

• Quality Assurance Plans: Outline procedures for maintaining quality standards.

• Inspection Reports: Document findings from site inspections to ensure compliance.

• Change Orders: Record modifications to project scope or specifications.

• Test Results: Maintain records of material and product testing outcomes.

• Meeting Minut...read more

Solar Power Plant SLD (Single Line Diagram) illustrates the electrical connections and components in a solar power system.

• SLD provides a simplified representation of the electrical system, showing how components are interconnected.

• It includes key elements like solar panels, inverters, transformers, and grid connections.

• For example, an SLD might show how multiple solar arrays connect to a central inverter.

• SLDs are cruci...read more

Inverters convert DC electricity from solar panels into AC electricity for home use.

• Inverters are essential for solar power systems to convert direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).

• They ensure that the electricity generated by solar panels can be used by household appliances.

• There are different types of inverters: string inverters, microinverters, and power optimizers.

• String inverters connect multiple solar p...read more

Enhancing solar plant efficiency involves optimizing design, technology, and maintenance practices.

• Utilize high-efficiency solar panels, such as monocrystalline panels, which can convert more sunlight into electricity.

• Implement tracking systems that adjust the angle of solar panels to follow the sun's path, increasing exposure.

• Incorporate energy storage solutions, like batteries, to store excess energy generated during...read more