Mohite Electronics Senior Design Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round had 1 very simple coding problem followed by some questions from Java and Spring.

Q1. 
Excel Column Number Conversion
Given a column title as it appears in an Excel sheet, your task is to return its corresponding column number.
Example:
Input:
S = "AB"
Output:
28
Explanation:
The seq...read more
Ans. 
Convert Excel column title to corresponding column number.
• Iterate through the characters in the input string from right to left

• Calculate the corresponding value of each character based on its position and multiply by 26^index

• Sum up all the values to get the final column number
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Q2. What is a lambda expression in Java, and how does it relate to a functional interface?
Ans. 
Lambda expression in Java is a concise way to represent a single method interface.
• Lambda expressions are used to provide a concise way to implement functional interfaces in Java.

• They can be used to replace anonymous classes when implementing functional interfaces.

• Lambda expressions consist of parameters, an arrow (->), and a body that defines the implementation of the functional interface method.

• Example: (x, y) ->...read more
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Q3. What are Java 8 streams?
Ans. 
Java 8 streams are a sequence of elements that support functional-style operations.
• Streams allow for processing sequences of elements in a functional way.

• They can be created from collections, arrays, or I/O resources.

• Operations like filter, map, reduce, and collect can be performed on streams.

• Streams are lazy, meaning they only perform operations when necessary.

• Example: List<String> names = Arrays.asList("Alice",...read more
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Q4. What do you understand by autowiring in Spring Boot, and can you name the different modes of autowiring?
Ans. 
Autowiring in Spring Boot is a way to automatically inject dependencies into Spring beans.
• Autowiring is a feature in Spring that allows the container to automatically inject the dependencies of a bean.

• There are different modes of autowiring in Spring: 'byName', 'byType', 'constructor', 'autodetect', and 'no'.

• For example, in 'byName' autowiring, Spring looks for a bean with the same name as the property being autowired.
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Q5. What does the @SpringBootApplication annotation do internally?
Ans. 
The @SpringBootApplication annotation is used to mark the main class of a Spring Boot application.
• It is a combination of @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration, and @ComponentScan annotations.

• It tells Spring Boot to start adding beans based on classpath settings, other beans, and various property settings.

• It is used to bootstrap the Spring application context, starting the auto-configuration, component scanning, and
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Q6. What are the basic annotations that Spring Boot offers?
Ans. 
Spring Boot offers basic annotations for various functionalities like mapping requests, handling exceptions, defining beans, etc.
• 1. @RestController - Used to define RESTful web services.

• 2. @RequestMapping - Maps HTTP requests to handler methods.

• 3. @Autowired - Injects dependencies automatically.

• 4. @Component - Indicates a class is a Spring component.

• 5. @ExceptionHandler - Handles exceptions in Spring MVC controllers.
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round focused more on Multithreading concepts from Java and also some core concepts from OOPS.

Q1. What is a thread in Java?
Ans. 
A thread in Java is a lightweight sub-process that allows concurrent execution within a single process.
• Threads allow multiple tasks to be executed concurrently in a Java program

• Threads share the same memory space and resources within a process

• Example: Creating a new thread - Thread myThread = new Thread();
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Q2. What are the start() and run() methods of the Thread class in Java?
Ans. 
The start() method is used to start a new thread, while the run() method contains the code that the thread will execute.
• start() method is used to start a new thread and calls the run() method internally

• run() method contains the code that the thread will execute

• It is recommended to override the run() method with the desired functionality
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Q3. What is the difference between the Thread class and the Runnable interface when creating a thread in Java?
Ans. 
Thread class is a class in Java that extends the Thread class, while Runnable interface is an interface that implements the run() method.
• Thread class extends the Thread class, while Runnable interface implements the run() method.

• A class can only extend one class, so using Runnable interface allows for more flexibility in inheritance.

• Using Runnable interface separates the task of the thread from the thread itself, promo
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Q4. What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface in OOP?
Ans. 
Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.
• Abstract class can have constructor, fields, and methods, while interface cannot have any implementation.

• A class can only extend one abstract class, but can implement multiple interfaces.

• Abstract classes are used to define common behavior among subclasses, while interfaces are used to define a contract for cla...read more
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Q5. What is the garbage collector in Java?
Ans. 
Garbage collector in Java is a built-in mechanism that automatically manages memory by reclaiming unused memory.
• Garbage collector runs in the background to identify and remove objects that are no longer needed.

• It helps prevent memory leaks and optimize memory usage.

• Examples of garbage collectors in Java include Serial, Parallel, CMS, and G1.
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Q6. Can you explain the SOLID principles in Object Oriented Design?
Ans. 
SOLID principles are a set of five design principles in object-oriented programming to make software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable.
• S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.

• O - Open/Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.

• L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable...read more
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Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This was a System Design Round where I was asked a LLD question to design a URL Shortener followed by a very standard question of LRU Cache. Overall this round went well and the interviewer was also quite satisfied by my answers.

Q1. Design a URL shortener.
Ans. 
A URL shortener service that generates short URLs for long links.
• Generate a unique short code for each long URL

• Store the mapping of short code to long URL in a database

• Redirect users from short URL to original long URL

• Consider implementing custom short codes for branding purposes
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Q2. 
LRU Cache Design Problem Statement
Design and implement a data structure for a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache that supports the following operations:
• get(key) - Retrieve the value associated with the...read more
Ans. 
Design and implement a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache data structure that supports get and put operations with capacity constraints.
• Implement a doubly linked list to maintain the order of recently used items.

• Use a hashmap to store key-value pairs for quick access.

• When capacity is reached, evict the least recently used item before inserting a new item.

• Handle get and put operations efficiently based on the LRU policy.

• En...read more
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Oops concept , Data structures and algorithm(basics), low level design , high level design.

Q1. Tell me about your self.
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Q2. Tell me your current ctc and expected ctc
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Q1. All about your current profile your skills related questions, theoretical queries about different areas.
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Random coding question related to core Java, your problem solving techniques, logical accuracy.

Q1. Current company related questions, salary discussion and others.
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Q1. Oops concepts, solid principal, Design pattern
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Q1. Scenario based, Azure function
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Q2. Solid principal, cosmos db
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Q1. Basics of javascript
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Q2. Basics of angular, nodejs
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Q3. ES6 functions, nodejs frameworks, angular versions, database side
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Q4. Previous work experience and projects in detail
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Q1. Salary expectations and discussions
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Q2. Work mode and positions
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Q1. About Siebel and Salesforce
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Siebel coding and Salesforce coding

Q1. About Salary negotiation
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