10+ Microsoft Corporation Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Yes, it is possible to get the accurate result from the given data.

• The coordinates (i,j,k) where metallic balls are present can be determined by finding the set elements in both matrix1 and matrix2.

• Additional data is not required as the given data is sufficient to determine the coordinates.

• The coordinates can be obtained by iterating through the elements of matrix1 and matrix2 and checking for set elements.

Program to store and reconstruct a tree from a file with efficient techniques.

• Use a recursive approach to traverse the tree and write each node to the file

• Include information about the node's parent and children in the file

• Use a unique identifier for each node to reconstruct the tree from the file

• Use a data structure like a hash table to store the nodes and their identifiers for efficient reconstruction

To find n-k th element from last in a string of unknown length

• Traverse the string to find its length

• Calculate the position of n-k th element from last

• Traverse the string again to find the element at calculated position

Print all downward paths from any node in a binary tree with sum of elements equal to N.

• Traverse the binary tree and keep track of the sum of elements in the path from root to current node.

• If the sum equals N, print the path from root to current node.

• Recursively traverse the left and right subtrees with updated sum.

• Use a stack to keep track of the current path being traversed.

• Example: Binary tree with root 1, left child 2, right child 3, and N=3. Output: [1,2], [1,3].

Backend server code for a tic tac toe game

• Create a RESTful API using a framework like Express.js

• Implement game logic to check for winning conditions

• Use a database to store game state and user information

• Handle user authentication and authorization

• Implement real-time updates using WebSockets

Count the number of unique occurrences in an array of strings.

• Create a hash table to store the count of each string occurrence.

• Iterate through the array and update the count in the hash table.

• Count the number of unique occurrences by counting the number of keys in the hash table.

Use binary search to find the minimum distance to escape aggressive cows in a field.

• Implement a function to check if cows can be placed with a minimum distance in a field.

• Use binary search to find the minimum distance that satisfies the condition.

• Keep track of the maximum distance found so far while performing binary search.

Implementing stack using linked list

• Create a Node class with data and next pointer

• Create a Stack class with top pointer

• Implement push() method to add element to top of stack

• Implement pop() method to remove element from top of stack

• Implement peek() method to return top element without removing it

Find two numbers in an array that add up to a target sum.

• Use a hash map to store the difference between the target sum and each element.

• Iterate through the array and check if the current element's complement exists in the hash map.

• Return the indices of the two numbers that add up to the target sum.

Priority queue is a data structure that stores elements with priority levels and retrieves them in order of priority.

• Elements are added with a priority level and retrieved in order of priority

• Can be implemented using a heap data structure

• Operations include insert, delete, and peek

• Can be used in algorithms such as Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm

Design a REST API for a software engineer interview

• Define the resources and endpoints

• Use HTTP methods for CRUD operations (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)

• Implement authentication and authorization

• Use JSON for data exchange format

• Include error handling and status codes