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Microsoft Corporation Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers
12 Interview questions
Use binary search to find the minimum distance to escape aggressive cows in a field.
Implement a function to check if cows can be placed with a minimum distance in a field.
Use binary search to find the minimum distance that satisfies the condition.
Keep track of the maximum distance found so far while performing binary search.
The variation of the 2-sum problem involves finding pairs in an array that meet specific criteria.
Identify the target sum and the array of numbers.
Use a hash map to store numbers and their indices for quick lookup.
Iterate through the array, checking if the complement (target - current number) exists in the hash map.
Example: For array [2, 7, 11, 15] and target 9, the pair (2, 7) sums to 9.
Consider edge cases like d...
Design a REST API for a software engineer interview
Define the resources and endpoints
Use HTTP methods for CRUD operations (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
Implement authentication and authorization
Use JSON for data exchange format
Include error handling and status codes
Implementing stack using linked list
Create a Node class with data and next pointer
Create a Stack class with top pointer
Implement push() method to add element to top of stack
Implement pop() method to remove element from top of stack
Implement peek() method to return top element without removing it
What people are saying about Microsoft Corporation
Priority queue is a data structure that stores elements with priority levels and retrieves them in order of priority.
Elements are added with a priority level and retrieved in order of priority
Can be implemented using a heap data structure
Operations include insert, delete, and peek
Can be used in algorithms such as Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm
Backend server code for a tic tac toe game
Create a RESTful API using a framework like Express.js
Implement game logic to check for winning conditions
Use a database to store game state and user information
Handle user authentication and authorization
Implement real-time updates using WebSockets
Program to store and reconstruct a tree from a file with efficient techniques.
Use a recursive approach to traverse the tree and write each node to the file
Include information about the node's parent and children in the file
Use a unique identifier for each node to reconstruct the tree from the file
Use a data structure like a hash table to store the nodes and their identifiers for efficient reconstruction
Print all downward paths from any node in a binary tree with sum of elements equal to N.
Traverse the binary tree and keep track of the sum of elements in the path from root to current node.
If the sum equals N, print the path from root to current node.
Recursively traverse the left and right subtrees with updated sum.
Use a stack to keep track of the current path being traversed.
Example: Binary tree with root 1, left...
Yes, it is possible to get the accurate result from the given data.
The coordinates (i,j,k) where metallic balls are present can be determined by finding the set elements in both matrix1 and matrix2.
Additional data is not required as the given data is sufficient to determine the coordinates.
The coordinates can be obtained by iterating through the elements of matrix1 and matrix2 and checking for set elements.
To find n-k th element from last in a string of unknown length
Traverse the string to find its length
Calculate the position of n-k th element from last
Traverse the string again to find the element at calculated position
Microsoft Corporation Software Engineer Interview Experiences for Freshers
8 interviews found
Anonymous
I appeared for an interview in Jun 2024.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Variation of aggressive cows problem (requires binary search)
- Q2. Variation of 2 sum problem
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Was told that this round would be an LLD. But it felt more like HLD or technical HM round Questions: grilled on microservice vs monolith architectures, how to migrate to microservice, when to migrate to mi...
- Q2. Design a rest API
2 DSA qns on codility
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Cs fundamentals
- Q2. DSA qn on graphs
- Ans.
Graphs are data structures that consist of nodes and edges connecting them.
Graphs can be directed or undirected.
Common graph traversal algorithms include BFS and DFS.
Examples of graphs include social networks, road networks, and computer networks.
Skills evaluated in this interview
PRACTISE CODING properly..........
(3 Questions)
- Q1. BE TECH SAVY.............................
- Q2. WHAT IS YOUR N
- Q3. WHO ARE YOU?...........
Interview Preparation Tips
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Implement stack using linkedlist
- Ans.
Implementing stack using linked list
Create a Node class with data and next pointer
Create a Stack class with top pointer
Implement push() method to add element to top of stack
Implement pop() method to remove element from top of stack
Implement peek() method to return top element without removing it
- Q2. Implement priority queue
- Ans.
Priority queue is a data structure that stores elements with priority levels and retrieves them in order of priority.
Elements are added with a priority level and retrieved in order of priority
Can be implemented using a heap data structure
Operations include insert, delete, and peek
Can be used in algorithms such as Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm
Interview Preparation Tips
Skills evaluated in this interview
Selected
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed before Apr 2023. There were 2 interview rounds.
Heavy Dsa was found minimum leetcode hard
(1 Question)
- Q1. Leeetcode medium questions
Interview Preparation Tips
I applied via Campus Placement
Interview Questionnaire
2 Questions
- Q1. You have a Binary tree having numbers>=0 and a numeber N. Print all downwards paths from any node having the sum of elements equal to N
- Ans.
Print all downward paths from any node in a binary tree with sum of elements equal to N.
Traverse the binary tree and keep track of the sum of elements in the path from root to current node.
If the sum equals N, print the path from root to current node.
Recursively traverse the left and right subtrees with updated sum.
Use a stack to keep track of the current path being traversed.
Example: Binary tree with root 1, left chil...
- Q2. You have a cuboid (m*n*p) each block of the cuboid is having a metallic ball. Now we are passing X-ray from front face and getting a bool matrix1 of m*p the elements are set if there is a black spot.(as...
- Ans.
Yes, it is possible to get the accurate result from the given data.
The coordinates (i,j,k) where metallic balls are present can be determined by finding the set elements in both matrix1 and matrix2.
Additional data is not required as the given data is sufficient to determine the coordinates.
The coordinates can be obtained by iterating through the elements of matrix1 and matrix2 and checking for set elements.
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: Output questions
Tips: focus on basics
Duration: 30 minutes
Total Questions: 15
Round: Test
Experience: Two coding problems in one hour,on Cocobues.com
1. Given two arrays of numbers. The numbers are from 0-9 you have two maximize the first array by using the elements from the second array.
the elements can be used only once.
e.g. arr1[]={5,2,3,6,7};
arr2[]={9,2,8,4,5};
You should output the modified arr1 as {9,8,5,6,7}
2.Given a matrix of characters and a word.
you have to count the number of occurences of that word in that matrix. you can move to any of the eight valid directions from current position.
e.g. word="HELLO";
matrix[][5]={ {'H','E','L','L','O'},
{'E','H','E','A','B'},
{'L','L','O','C','D'}};
output should be : 5
Tips: DO AS MUCH AS PRACTICE
Duration: 60 minutes
Total Questions: 2
Round: Test
Experience: One Coding question was given to all the students ,You have to code and explain it.
You are given an string as input which represents a path. You have to normalize that path inplace(NO EXTRA SPACE).
e.g.
input : "\a\b\c\..\..\file.txt"
output: "\a\file.txt"
Hint: Double dot(..) means you have to skip the previous parent.
It was on paper.
Duration: 40 minutes
Total Questions: 1
Round: Technical Interview
Experience: The interviewer was very nice that was an amazing experience.
Tips: Be confident and relaxed.
Round: HR Interview
Experience: Again the interviewer was very nice. Firstly he asked me what i have done in technical till that time.
After the interview was over he looks impressed.
Tips: Don't see what others are doing . Take your time and try to short out the correct solution.
General Tips: Do coding as much as you can
Skills: Algorithm, Coding Skills And Knowledge On Data Structures
Duration: 2
College Name: NIT Bhopal
Motivation: It comes to our institute, and the name Microsoft is sufficient for motivation.
Funny Moments: The journey to Microsoft IDC Hydrabad was very beautiful.
Skills evaluated in this interview
Interview Questionnaire
2 Questions
- Q1. Write the backend server code for a tic tac toe game
- Ans.
Backend server code for a tic tac toe game
Create a RESTful API using a framework like Express.js
Implement game logic to check for winning conditions
Use a database to store game state and user information
Handle user authentication and authorization
Implement real-time updates using WebSockets
- Q2. Write a program to store a tree on a file. Also write code to reconstruct the tree from that file. Think of efficient techniques
- Ans.
Program to store and reconstruct a tree from a file with efficient techniques.
Use a recursive approach to traverse the tree and write each node to the file
Include information about the node's parent and children in the file
Use a unique identifier for each node to reconstruct the tree from the file
Use a data structure like a hash table to store the nodes and their identifiers for efficient reconstruction
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: All types of C/C++ Aptitude and I/O questions were asked.
Was not a very easy round.
Tips: Prepare from -----/ and -----/
I had done everything in these 2 links.
Other than that, you can prepare from "Test your C Skills" by Yeshwant Kanetkar. PDF available online.
Duration: 30 minutes
Total Questions: 40-50
Round: Test
Experience: Two coding questions were asked. It was hosted on CoCubes website.
Questions were pretty basic.
First one was ad-hoc, requiring to count the number of set bits of a number.
Second one was the standard, minimum cost path DP problem.
Tips: Prepare from geeksforgeeks, careercup and ambitionbox.
If you know competitive programming, you should not have much of a problem.
Duration: 90 minutes
Total Questions: 2
Round: Test
Experience: Had to write code on paper. 2 questions.
First one was to rotate a matrix by 90 degrees. Pretty standard question.
Second one was to remove all negative elements in an array to the right end. Do it without extra memory.
Tips: Apart from correctness of solution, they check for code quality. Code written must be clean, indented and with properly named variables and functions.
Keep communicating your ideas to the people who will be supervising the test. They will understand your thought process that way.
Duration: 60 minutes
Total Questions: 2
Round: Technical Interview
Experience: Wrote the class in JAVA. Explained the methods, and optimized them. Variables were named properly.
Also generalized the class for an nxn matrix tic-tac-toe game.
Interviewer was very friendly. Wrote the code on paper.
Tips: Prepare on class design beforehand. They are quite likely to ask you questions on OOP.
Write clean code.
Round: Technical Interview
Experience: Just had to write the functions. Wrote code in C++.
The interviewer tested me on edge cases. Asked me to prepare test cases.
Tips: Make sure your code is ready to tackle those dirty edge cases.
Knowing standard library functions is beneficial. Make sure you learn some important ones. They can come in handy.
Write clean code. You can choose any language you are comfortable in.
General Tips: Stay calm. Prepare well.
Focus on the data structures that Microsoft usually asks about.
Skill Tips: A good internship helps in the process. I had interned at Google, so I got selected relatively easily as compared to other candidates. Make sure your resume is as impressive as you can make it.
Stay calm in the rounds. That way you can think better.
Communicate with the company officials. They will know you and your thought process that way.
Don't stay quiet in the interview rounds. If you have doubts, ask them. I had made this mistake when they came for internships and did not get selected because I didn't clear my doubts. The interview should be ideally like a discussion, where you present your thoughts and ideas, clear your doubts, and come up with a solution.
Skills: Resume, Communication, Analytical Skills, Algorithmic Approach To Problem Solving, Coding Skills And Knowledge On Data Structures
College Name: NIT Surathkal
Motivation: It is one of the biggest tech giants in the world. I definitely wanted to be a part of it.
Funny Moments: Since I had only 2 interviews, while others had 5, I came out so early that they thought I was rejected.
They later discovered, they were wrong.
Skills evaluated in this interview
I applied via Campus Placement
Interview Questionnaire
2 Questions
- Q1. Given a string of unknown length, what is a good approach to find n-k th element from last
- Ans.
To find n-k th element from last in a string of unknown length
Traverse the string to find its length
Calculate the position of n-k th element from last
Traverse the string again to find the element at calculated position
- Q2. Given an array of strings, count the number of unique occurrences
- Ans.
Count the number of unique occurrences in an array of strings.
Create a hash table to store the count of each string occurrence.
Iterate through the array and update the count in the hash table.
Count the number of unique occurrences by counting the number of keys in the hash table.
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: They checked my CGPA and my projects worked on. They also looked at previous internship I have done
Tips: Focus on CGPA and projects done. Also mention internship experience.
Round: Test
Experience: Easier questions and good amount of time to think.
Tips: Careful with IDE.
Duration: 60min minutes
Total Questions: 2
Round: Group Discussion
Experience: Enough time to think,solve. Questions were easy and only tested basic understanding of ds and algos.
Tips: Think well. They do not expect complete optimal solution. Discuss your ideas with members there
Round: Technical Interview
Tips: They do not expect optimal solution. they want to know thought process
General Tips: Be thorough in course work being done at present.
Revise the projects you have done in your semester
Skills: Data Structures, Algorithms, Probability theory, Basics of Machine Learning
Duration: 2 months
College Name: IIT Madras
Motivation: Microsoft !
Skills evaluated in this interview
Interview questions from similar companies
I applied via Monster and was interviewed before Apr 2020. There was 1 interview round.
Interview Questionnaire
1 Question
- Q1. Basic java
Interview Preparation Tips
Interview Questionnaire
8 Questions
- Q1. WRITE A GENERIC SWAP FUNCTION
- Ans.
A generic swap function swaps two values of any data type.
The function should take two parameters of any data type.
Use a temporary variable to store the value of one parameter.
Assign the value of the second parameter to the first parameter.
Assign the value of the temporary variable to the second parameter.
- Q2. SEARCH AN ELEMENT IN ROTATED SORTED LINKLIST .
- Ans.
Search for an element in a rotated sorted linked list.
Find the pivot point where the list is rotated.
Divide the list into two sublists based on the pivot point.
Perform binary search on the appropriate sublist.
Handle edge cases such as empty list and list with only one element.
- Q3. SEARCH AN ELEMENT IN ROTATED SORTED ARRAY. WRITED A CODE FOR IT
- Ans.
Search an element in a rotated sorted array
Find the pivot point where the array is rotated
Divide the array into two sub-arrays based on pivot point
Perform binary search on the appropriate sub-array
Repeat until element is found or sub-array size is 1
- Q4. In an Array of size 95 contain numbers in range 1 to 100. each number is at max once in the array. find the 5 missing numbers in array between 1-100
- Q5. Given sudoku as id array of size . in a given empty cell find the possible numbers that could be possible. Asked me to write code for it
- Ans.
Given a Sudoku board, find possible numbers for an empty cell.
Iterate through empty cells and check possible numbers using row, column, and box constraints.
Use a set to keep track of possible numbers for each empty cell.
Return the set of possible numbers for the given empty cell.
- Q6. Given 4 unsigned integers find their integer average (eg. (2,2,2,3) => (2+2+2+3)/4 = 2) consider integer division ) without typecasting
- Ans.
Find integer average of 4 unsigned integers without typecasting
Add all the integers and divide by 4
Use bit shifting to divide by 4
Handle overflow by using long long data type
Use unsigned int data type for input
- Q7. Write a code to identify wheter given processor is of 32 bit architecture or 64 bit architecture
- Ans.
Code to identify 32 bit or 64 bit architecture of a processor
Check if the operating system is 32 bit or 64 bit
If OS is 32 bit, processor is 32 bit
If OS is 64 bit, check if processor supports 64 bit architecture
Use CPUID instruction to check if processor supports 64 bit architecture
- Q8. Convert a binary number into base 64 integer
- Ans.
Convert binary number to base 64 integer
Divide the binary number into groups of 6 bits
Convert each group of 6 bits to decimal
Map the decimal value to the corresponding base 64 character
Concatenate the base 64 characters to form the final integer
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: SIMPLE CODING QUESTIONS SPEED MATTERS.
Duration: 60 minutes
Total Questions: 3
Skills: Analytics And Coding
College Name: IIT Guwahati
Skills evaluated in this interview
Microsoft Corporation Interview FAQs
Some of the top questions asked at the Microsoft Corporation Software Engineer interview for freshers -
The duration of Microsoft Corporation Software Engineer interview process can vary, but typically it takes about less than 2 weeks to complete.
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