Larsen & Toubro Limited Demonstrator Interview Questions and Answers

One-way slabs distribute load primarily in one direction, while two-way slabs distribute load in two directions.

• One-way slabs are designed to span in only one direction, typically supported on two opposite sides. They distribute load primarily in one direction.

• Two-way slabs are designed to span in two directions, supported on all four sides. They distribute load in both directions, providing more balanced load distribu...read more

Moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to changes in its rotation. It is crucial in structural engineering for analyzing the stiffness and stability of structures.

• Moment of inertia quantifies how mass is distributed around an axis of rotation

• It plays a key role in determining the bending and deflection of beams

• Higher moment of inertia indicates greater resistance to bending and deformation

• Used in calc...read more

Reinforced concrete has steel bars embedded within the concrete to provide additional strength, while prestressed concrete has tensioned steel tendons to actively counteract the concrete's natural tendency to crack under load.

• Reinforced concrete uses passive reinforcement in the form of steel bars or mesh, while prestressed concrete uses active reinforcement in the form of tensioned steel tendons.

• In reinforced concrete...read more

The quantity of cement, sand, and aggregates for 1 cubic meter of concrete can be calculated by using the mix design ratios.

• Calculate the total volume of concrete needed (1 cubic meter).

• Determine the mix design ratios for the concrete (e.g. 1:2:4 for cement:sand:aggregates).

• Calculate the quantity of each material by multiplying the volume by the ratio (e.g. for 1:2:4, 1/7 cubic meters of cement, 2/7 cubic meters of san...read more

Slump test is a method to measure the consistency of concrete mix before it sets.

• Process involves filling a mold with concrete, then removing the mold and measuring the amount of slump or settlement

• Importance lies in ensuring the concrete mix has the right consistency for proper construction

• Results of the test help determine if more water or additives are needed to achieve desired strength and workability

Primary causes of cracks in concrete structures include shrinkage, thermal changes, overloading, and poor construction practices.

• Shrinkage: Concrete shrinks as it cures, leading to cracks if not properly controlled.

• Thermal changes: Temperature fluctuations can cause concrete to expand and contract, leading to cracks.

• Overloading: Excessive weight or stress on a concrete structure can cause it to crack.

• Poor construction ...read more

A cantilever beam is a structural element supported at only one end, with the other end free to deflect. It is commonly used in construction for balconies, bridges, and canopies.

• A cantilever beam is a structural element that is fixed at one end and free to deflect at the other end

• It is commonly used in construction for balconies, bridges, and canopies

• The working principle involves the transfer of load from the free end...read more

Water-cement ratio in concrete mix design affects the strength, durability, workability, and permeability of the concrete.

• Water-cement ratio determines the amount of water needed to fully hydrate the cement in the concrete mix.

• A lower water-cement ratio leads to higher strength and durability of the concrete.

• An excessive water-cement ratio can result in lower strength, increased permeability, and reduced durability.

• Pro...read more

Safety and stability of scaffolding in high-rise construction projects are ensured through proper inspection, training, and adherence to regulations.

• Regular inspections of scaffolding to identify any defects or weaknesses

• Ensuring scaffolding is set up by trained and certified professionals

• Following safety regulations and guidelines for scaffolding usage

• Using high-quality materials for scaffolding construction

• Implementi...read more

Different types of retaining walls include gravity walls, cantilever walls, sheet pile walls, and anchored walls.

• Gravity walls rely on their weight to resist pressure from soil behind them.

• Cantilever walls have a base slab and a stem that leans back into the retained soil.

• Sheet pile walls are made of steel, vinyl, or wood planks that are driven into the ground.

• Anchored walls use cables or other stays anchored in the ro...read more