400+ Grubbrr Systems International Interview Questions and Answers

Dependency Injection is a design pattern where the dependencies of a class are provided externally rather than being created within the class itself.

• Dependency Injection helps in achieving loose coupling between classes.

• It allows for easier testing and maintenance of code.

• In Spring Boot, dependencies are injected using annotations like @Autowired.

• Example: In a Spring Boot application, if a class requires a database connection, the connection object can be injected into the cl...read more

Java 8 streams are a sequence of elements that can be processed in parallel or sequentially.

• Streams provide a functional programming approach to process collections in Java.

• They allow for concise and expressive code.

• Streams can be used to filter, map, reduce, and perform other operations on data.

• Example: List numbers = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5); numbers.stream().filter(n -> n % 2 == 0).forEach(System.out::println);

• This example filters even numbers from the list and prints ...read more

SQL injection is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to manipulate a database query to execute unauthorized actions.

• SQL injection occurs when user-supplied data is not properly validated or sanitized before being used in an SQL query.

• Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to bypass authentication, retrieve sensitive data, modify or delete data, or even execute arbitrary commands.

• To prevent SQL injection, use parameterized queries or prepared statements, inp...read more

Mitigate credit risk by diversifying portfolio, setting credit limits, and monitoring creditworthiness.

• Diversify portfolio to spread risk across different industries and companies.

• Set credit limits based on the borrower's creditworthiness and ability to repay.

• Monitor creditworthiness of borrowers regularly to identify potential risks and take necessary actions.

• Use credit insurance or guarantees to protect against default.

• Establish clear policies and procedures for credit risk...read more

Yes, I would be able to sell 100 refrigerators to 100 families living in North Pole.

• I would highlight the benefits of having a refrigerator in a cold climate like North Pole, such as keeping food from freezing solid and preserving freshness.

• I would offer a special discount or promotion for purchasing multiple refrigerators at once.

• I would emphasize the durability and reliability of the refrigerators, as they would need to withstand extreme temperatures and weather conditions....read more

I am interested in JPMC because of its reputation and opportunities. Finance is a dynamic field that challenges me. Regulations are necessary for stability and trust in banking.

• JPMC has a strong reputation in the industry and offers a wide range of opportunities for growth and development.

• Finance is a dynamic field that requires constant learning and adaptation to new trends and technologies.

• Regulations are necessary to ensure stability and trust in the banking industry, and ...read more

Investing in a company as a debenture holder entitles the investor to receive regular interest payments and the return of the principal amount at maturity.

• Debenture holders receive fixed interest payments from the company at regular intervals.

• The company is legally obligated to repay the principal amount to the debenture holder at the end of the debenture's term.

• Debenture holders have a higher claim on the company's assets compared to equity shareholders in case of liquidatio...read more

Garbage collector in Java is a built-in mechanism that automatically manages memory by reclaiming unused objects.

• Garbage collector runs in the background to identify and delete objects that are no longer needed.

• It helps prevent memory leaks and optimize memory usage.

• Examples of garbage collectors in Java include Serial, Parallel, CMS, and G1.

MVC components include Model, View, and Controller. Model represents data and business logic, View displays the data, and Controller handles user input and updates the Model and View.

• Model: Represents data and business logic

• View: Displays the data to the user

• Controller: Handles user input and updates the Model and View

To price a bond, calculate the present value of its future cash flows.

• Determine the bond's face value, coupon rate, and maturity date.

• Calculate the bond's yield to maturity.

• Use the yield to maturity to discount the bond's future cash flows.

• Add up the present values of the cash flows to get the bond's price.

• Consider any additional factors that may affect the bond's price, such as credit risk or call provisions.

The Brexit vote could have both positive and negative effects on the Indian economy.

• Positive effects: Increased trade opportunities with the UK, potential for attracting foreign investments from companies relocating from the UK.

• Negative effects: Uncertainty in global markets leading to volatility in exchange rates, potential decline in exports to the UK.

• Example: Indian IT companies may face challenges due to stricter immigration policies in the UK.

• Example: Indian textile expo...read more

Option pricing involves calculating the value of an option based on various factors.

• The current price of the underlying asset is a key factor in option pricing.

• Volatility of the underlying asset also plays a significant role.

• Time to expiration, interest rates, and strike price are other important factors.

• Various models such as Black-Scholes and binomial models are used to price options.

• Option pricing can be complex and requires a thorough understanding of financial markets.

VLOOKUP has limitations such as only searching for values in the leftmost column and being case-sensitive.

• VLOOKUP only searches for values in the leftmost column of a table

• It is case-sensitive, so if the lookup value has a different case than the table, it won't find a match

• It can only return one value, so if there are multiple matches, it will only return the first one

• It can be slow and resource-intensive for large datasets

Pseudo code to find the k'th largest element in an array

• Sort the array in descending order

• Return the element at index k-1

EPS stands for Earnings Per Share. It is a financial metric that indicates the portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock.

• EPS is calculated by dividing the company's net income by the number of outstanding shares.

• EPS is an important metric for investors as it helps them evaluate the profitability of a company and its potential for growth.

• A higher EPS indicates that a company is generating more profit per share, which is generally seen as...read more

I explained a complex algorithm to a non-technical team member.

• Broke down the concept into simpler terms

• Used analogies or real-life examples to clarify

• Encouraged questions and feedback

• Offered additional resources for further understanding

The @RestController annotation in Spring Boot is used to mark a class as a RESTful controller.

• It combines the @Controller and @ResponseBody annotations.

• It eliminates the need for annotating each method with @ResponseBody.

• It automatically serializes the return value of the methods into JSON/XML response.

• It is commonly used to build RESTful web services in Spring Boot.

Docker is a containerization platform that allows developers to package applications with their dependencies for easy deployment and scalability.

• Docker enables developers to create lightweight, isolated containers that can run on any operating system.

• It simplifies the deployment process by ensuring that the application and its dependencies are bundled together, eliminating compatibility issues.

• Docker allows for easy scaling of applications by enabling the creation of multiple...read more

Before making a Dashboard, requirements such as data sources, key performance indicators, user roles, and visualization preferences should be gathered.

• Identify the data sources that will be used to populate the dashboard (e.g. databases, APIs, spreadsheets).

• Determine the key performance indicators (KPIs) that the dashboard will track and display.

• Understand the different user roles that will be accessing the dashboard and their specific needs.

• Gather information on the preferre...read more

JP Morgan is known for its global presence, diverse range of services, and innovative technology.

• JP Morgan has a strong global presence with operations in over 100 countries.

• They offer a diverse range of financial services including investment banking, asset management, and commercial banking.

• JP Morgan is known for its innovative technology, such as their blockchain platform Quorum.

• They have a strong reputation for risk management and compliance.

• JP Morgan has a focus on susta...read more

Heap memory can be monitored using tools like profilers. Objects are removed from heap memory through garbage collection.

• Use profilers like VisualVM or Java Mission Control to monitor heap memory usage

• Analyze heap dumps to identify memory leaks and optimize memory usage

• Garbage collection automatically removes unreferenced objects from heap memory

• Different garbage collection algorithms like Mark and Sweep, Copying, and Generational are used

• Tuning garbage collection parameters ...read more

Yes, a load balancer can handle multiple addition of new instances or pods.

• A load balancer distributes incoming traffic across multiple instances or pods.

• To handle multiple additions, the load balancer should be able to dynamically update its routing configuration.

• Load balancers can use various algorithms to distribute traffic, such as round-robin, least connections, or weighted distribution.

• Load balancers can also perform health checks on instances or pods to ensure they are...read more

Yes, a distributed system can handle 1M requests per second by using load balancing, horizontal scaling, and caching.

• Implement load balancing to distribute incoming requests across multiple servers.

• Use horizontal scaling by adding more servers to handle the increased load.

• Implement caching to store frequently accessed data and reduce the load on the backend.

• Optimize the system by using efficient algorithms and data structures.

• Ensure fault tolerance and high availability by re...read more

Virtual destructors in C++ are used to ensure that the correct destructor is called when deleting an object through a base class pointer.

• Virtual destructors are declared with the 'virtual' keyword in the base class to allow proper cleanup of derived class objects.

• When deleting an object through a base class pointer, having a virtual destructor ensures that the destructor of the derived class is called.

• Without a virtual destructor, only the base class destructor would be calle...read more

A bond is a type of debt security issued by companies or governments, while a debenture is a type of bond that is not secured by collateral.

• Bonds are secured by collateral, while debentures are not.

• Bonds have a fixed interest rate, while debentures may have a floating interest rate.

• Bonds are typically issued by companies or governments to raise capital, while debentures are often issued by corporations.

• Examples of bonds include Treasury bonds and corporate bonds, while exampl...read more

A cube can be divided into 27 smaller cubes with 6 cuts.

• Each cut creates one additional layer of cubes

• Three cuts are needed to divide the cube into 8 smaller cubes

• Each of the 8 smaller cubes can be divided into 3 smaller cubes with one cut

Parameters in Tableau are dynamic inputs that allow users to change values in a visualization.

• Parameters can be used to filter data, change calculations, and control the appearance of a visualization.

• They can be created by right-clicking on a field or by using the 'Create Parameter' option in the 'Analysis' menu.

• Examples of parameters include allowing users to select a date range, adjusting the size of a chart, or changing the color palette.

• Parameters can also be used in calc...read more

Microservices offer better scalability, flexibility, and fault tolerance.

• Microservices allow for independent deployment and scaling of individual components.

• They enable faster development and deployment cycles.

• They provide fault isolation, making it easier to identify and fix issues.

• They allow for greater flexibility in technology choices and development approaches.

• Examples of successful microservices architectures include Netflix, Amazon, and Uber.

Credit rating of a company is decided based on various factors such as financial statements, industry trends, and management quality.

• Analyze financial statements to determine the company's financial health

• Consider industry trends and competition to assess the company's position in the market

• Evaluate management quality and their ability to make sound business decisions

• Use credit rating agencies such as Moody's or S&P for additional insights

• Assign a rating based on the company'...read more

Memory allocation refers to the process of assigning memory to programs during runtime.

• Stack allocation is done automatically and is limited in size.

• Heap allocation is done manually and is larger in size.

• Stack memory is used for local variables and function calls.

• Heap memory is used for dynamic memory allocation.

• Memory leaks can occur if heap memory is not properly managed.

KYC stands for Know Your Customer and CDD stands for Customer Due Diligence.

• KYC is the process of verifying the identity of a customer and assessing their potential risks.

• CDD is a part of KYC and involves gathering information about the customer's identity, occupation, and source of funds.

• CDD helps in identifying and preventing money laundering, terrorist financing, and other financial crimes.

• Examples of KYC/CDD include verifying a customer's identity through government-issue...read more

A thread in Java is a lightweight sub-process that allows concurrent execution within a single process.

• Threads allow multiple tasks to be executed concurrently in a Java program.

• Each thread has its own stack and program counter, but share the same memory space.

• Threads can be created by extending the Thread class or implementing the Runnable interface.

• Example: Thread t1 = new Thread(new MyRunnable()); t1.start();

Spark accumulators are used to accumulate values across multiple tasks in a distributed manner.

• Accumulators are used to accumulate values across multiple tasks in a distributed manner

• They are used to implement counters and sums in Spark

• Accumulators are read-only variables that can only be updated by an associative and commutative operation

• Partitioning is the process of dividing a large dataset into smaller, more manageable pieces

• Bucketing is a technique used to group data int...read more

LOD stands for Level of Detail. It is a technique in Tableau that allows users to compute values at a different level than the view.

• LOD expressions can be used to aggregate data at a higher level than the view, or to compute values at a lower level than the view.

• There are three types of LOD expressions: FIXED, INCLUDE, and EXCLUDE.

• FIXED LOD expressions compute values using a specified set of dimensions, regardless of the dimensions in the view.

• INCLUDE LOD expressions compute ...read more

The Eurozone debt crisis was a financial crisis that occurred in the European Union from 2009 to 2012.

• The crisis was caused by a combination of factors, including high government debt, low economic growth, and a lack of competitiveness.

• Some countries, such as Greece, had borrowed heavily and were unable to repay their debts, leading to fears of default.

• The crisis led to bailouts of several countries by the European Union and the International Monetary Fund.

• Austerity measures ...read more

A deferred tax asset is an accounting concept that represents a future tax benefit for a company.

• It arises when a company has overpaid taxes or has carried forward tax losses from previous years.

• It can be used to offset future tax liabilities and reduce the company's tax bill.

• Examples include tax credits, unused tax deductions, and net operating losses.

• Deferred tax assets are recorded on the balance sheet as an asset.

• They are subject to regular review and may need to be writt...read more

Use Selenium WebDriver to automate launching an ecomm website, searching for a product, performing pagination, and finding a particular product.

• Use Selenium WebDriver to automate browser actions

• Navigate to the ecomm website URL

• Locate the search bar and enter the particular product name

• Handle pagination by clicking on next page buttons or using page numbers

• Identify the particular product by its unique identifier or attributes

Metrics for measuring success as a Scrum Master

• Velocity of the team

• Sprint burndown charts

• Team satisfaction surveys

• Number of completed user stories

• Percentage of defects found in production

• Cycle time for user stories

• Lead time for user stories

Virtual functions are functions that can be overridden in derived classes. vTable is a lookup table used to resolve virtual function calls.

• Virtual functions allow polymorphism and dynamic binding

• vTable is a table of function pointers used to resolve virtual function calls

• vPtr is a pointer to the vTable of an object

• Smart pointers are objects that manage the lifetime of dynamically allocated memory

• Types of smart pointers include unique_ptr, shared_ptr, and weak_ptr

• Exception han...read more

Handling an application running on different instances involves load balancing, monitoring, and synchronization.

• Implement load balancing to distribute the workload evenly across instances.

• Monitor the performance and health of each instance to ensure optimal operation.

• Use synchronization techniques to maintain consistency and avoid conflicts between instances.

• Implement failover mechanisms to handle instances going offline or becoming unresponsive.

• Consider using containerizatio...read more

Java 8 introduced new features like lambda expressions, streams, and functional interfaces.

• Lambda expressions allow functional programming in Java.

• Streams provide a concise way to perform operations on collections.

• Functional interfaces enable the use of lambda expressions.

• Java 8 also introduced the Optional class for null-safe programming.

• Default methods were added to interfaces to allow for backward compatibility.

• Java 8 also introduced the Date-Time API for improved handling...read more

SDLC consists of several phases including planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance.

• Planning: Defining project goals, scope, and requirements.

• Analysis: Gathering and analyzing user requirements.

• Design: Creating a detailed blueprint of the software solution.

• Implementation: Writing code and developing the software.

• Testing: Conducting various tests to ensure software quality.

• Deployment: Releasing the software for users.

• Maintenance: Providin...read more

Threshold is the point at which a change in quantity, quality, or state occurs.

• Threshold is the minimum level of something that is required for a particular action, result, or condition.

• It can also refer to the maximum level of something before a different action, result, or condition occurs.

• For example, in marketing, a sales threshold may need to be reached before a discount is applied.

• In medicine, a pain threshold is the point at which a stimulus is perceived as painful.

Time complexity refers to the amount of time an algorithm takes to run as a function of the input size.

• Time complexity is typically expressed using Big O notation, which describes the worst-case scenario.

• Common time complexities include O(1) for constant time, O(log n) for logarithmic time, O(n) for linear time, O(n^2) for quadratic time, and O(2^n) for exponential time.

• For example, searching for an element in a sorted array using binary search has a time complexity of O(log ...read more

Yes, I have knowledge on C programming language.

• I have experience in writing programs in C language.

• I am familiar with the syntax and semantics of C language.

• I have worked on projects that involved C language such as developing embedded systems.

• I have knowledge of data types, control structures, functions, pointers, arrays, and structures in C language.

To make a class immutable, we need to ensure that its state cannot be modified after creation.

• Make all fields private and final

• Do not provide any setters

• If mutable objects are used, return copies instead of references

• Ensure that any methods that modify state return a new instance instead of modifying the existing one

Tesla, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, and Facebook are doing extremely well.

• Tesla's stock has surged due to strong demand for electric vehicles.

• Amazon's stock has benefited from the shift to online shopping during the pandemic.

• Apple's stock has been boosted by strong sales of iPhones and other devices.

• Microsoft's stock has risen due to growth in its cloud computing business.

• Facebook's stock has been resilient despite controversies over data privacy and misinformation.

OFAC sanctions countries are nations that are subject to economic and trade sanctions by the US government.

• OFAC stands for Office of Foreign Assets Control

• Sanctions are imposed on countries that pose a threat to US national security or foreign policy

• Examples of OFAC sanctions countries include Iran, North Korea, Syria, and Venezuela

p^2-1 is divisible by 8 and 24 for all primes.

• To prove p^2-1 is divisible by 8, consider the possible remainders of p when divided by 8.

• To prove p^2-1 is divisible by 24, consider the possible remainders of p when divided by 24.

• For all primes, p^2-1 will always be divisible by 8 and 24.

The bse permission given for IAM role is the ability to perform actions related to the Basic Support Engineer role.

• The bse permission allows the IAM role to access and manage basic support functions.

• It grants permissions to perform actions such as creating and managing support cases, accessing basic support resources, and viewing basic support information.

• Examples of actions that can be performed with the bse permission include creating a new support case, updating case detai...read more

To optimize databases for handling a higher volume of read operations compared to write operations, strategies like denormalization, caching, indexing, and sharding can be employed.

• Denormalization: Reducing the number of joins by duplicating data can improve read performance.

• Caching: Implementing caching mechanisms like Redis or Memcached can reduce the load on the database for read operations.

• Indexing: Creating indexes on frequently queried columns can speed up read operatio...read more

Design a data processing system to manage incoming data from various sources.

• Identify the types of data sources and their formats

• Implement data ingestion pipelines to extract, transform, and load data

• Utilize data processing frameworks like Apache Spark or Hadoop for scalability

• Implement data quality checks and error handling mechanisms

• Design a data storage solution that can handle large volumes of data efficiently

To make different systems talk to each other, consider data formats, protocols, APIs, and security measures.

• Consider using standardized data formats such as JSON or XML for interoperability.

• Implement APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to allow systems to communicate with each other.

• Use protocols like REST or SOAP for data exchange between systems.

• Ensure proper authentication and authorization mechanisms are in place to secure the communication.

• Address challenges such a...read more

Abstract class allows partial implementation while interface allows full abstraction.

• Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.

• A class can only extend one abstract class, but can implement multiple interfaces.

• Abstract class is used when some common functionality needs to be shared among subclasses, while interface is used to define a contract for classes to implement.

• Example: Abstract class 'Shape' with abst...read more

P/E ratio of 45 means that the stock price is 45 times higher than its earnings per share.

• P/E ratio is a valuation ratio that compares a company's current share price with its earnings per share

• A high P/E ratio indicates that investors are willing to pay more for each dollar of earnings

• A low P/E ratio may indicate that the stock is undervalued or that the company is not performing well

• For example, if a company has a P/E ratio of 45 and its earnings per share is $1, then its s...read more

Yes, I am proficient in working with pivot tables and building macros.

• I have experience in creating pivot tables to analyze large data sets and extract meaningful insights.

• I am skilled in using macros to automate repetitive tasks and improve efficiency.

• I have worked with various functions and formulas in Excel to manipulate data and create custom reports.

• I am familiar with VBA programming and can write code to enhance the functionality of macros.

• For example, I have built a ma...read more

I use various techniques such as Mad Sad Glad, Start Stop Continue, and 4Ls for Sprint retrospective.

• Mad Sad Glad: team members write down what made them mad, sad, or glad during the sprint and discuss it as a group

• Start Stop Continue: team members identify what they should start doing, stop doing, and continue doing in the next sprint

• 4Ls: team members write down what they liked, learned, lacked, and longed for during the sprint and discuss it as a group

Time decay in options and derivatives refers to the decrease in the value of an option as it approaches its expiration date.

• Time decay is also known as theta decay, as it is represented by the Greek letter theta in options pricing models.

• Options lose value over time due to the diminishing likelihood of the option being profitable for the holder.

• Time decay accelerates as the expiration date approaches, especially for options with a shorter time to expiration.

• Traders can use st...read more

TDD stands for Test-Driven Development and BDD stands for Behavior-Driven Development. TDD focuses on writing tests before writing code, while BDD focuses on the behavior of the system.

• TDD involves writing a failing test, writing code to make the test pass, and then refactoring the code.

• BDD focuses on defining the behavior of the system through examples written in a specific format like Given-When-Then.

• TDD is more developer-centric, while BDD involves collaboration between de...read more

I have optimized queries by using indexes, reducing the number of joins, and optimizing subqueries.

• Used indexes to speed up data retrieval

• Reduced the number of joins to minimize the query execution time

• Optimized subqueries by using temporary tables or rewriting them as joins

• Used query profiling tools to identify and fix performance bottlenecks

Duration is the length of time something takes to complete.

• Duration can be measured in seconds, minutes, hours, days, etc.

• It is often used to describe the length of a movie, song, or event.

• In project management, duration refers to the amount of time a task or project will take to complete.

• Duration can also refer to the length of time a medical treatment or medication should be taken.

• It is important to consider duration when planning and scheduling tasks or events.

Margin call is a demand by a broker for an investor to deposit more money or securities into their account to cover potential losses.

• Margin call occurs when the value of securities in an investor's account falls below a certain level, triggering the need for additional funds.

• Investors must either deposit more funds or sell securities to meet the margin call.

• Same day settlement refers to the process of completing a financial transaction on the same day it is initiated.

• In same ...read more

Hyper is a data engine used by Tableau to process large amounts of data quickly.

• Hyper is an in-memory data engine that can process billions of rows of data.

• It allows for faster data analysis and visualization.

• Hyper can handle complex queries and calculations.

• Tableau uses Hyper as its default data engine since version 10.5.

• Hyper can also be used as a standalone database.

• Hyper supports various data sources including CSV, Excel, and databases like MySQL and Oracle.

JVM garbage collection is a process of automatically managing memory in Java programs by reclaiming unused memory.

• Garbage collection is the process of identifying and deleting objects in memory that are no longer needed.

• JVM uses different algorithms like Mark-Sweep, Mark-Compact, and Copying to perform garbage collection.

• Examples of garbage collection in Java include the use of 'System.gc()' method to suggest garbage collection and 'finalize()' method to perform cleanup befor...read more

A URL shortener service that generates short URLs for long links.

• Generate a unique short code for each long URL

• Store the mapping of short code to long URL in a database

• Redirect users from short URL to original long URL

• Implement analytics to track click-through rates

Caching improves application performance by storing frequently accessed data in memory.

• Identify the data that needs to be cached

• Choose a caching strategy (e.g., in-memory cache, distributed cache)

• Implement caching logic in the application code

• Set appropriate cache expiration policies

• Handle cache invalidation when data changes

Working capital is the difference between current assets and current liabilities of a company.

• It is the amount of money a company has available for its day-to-day operations.

• It is calculated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets.

• Positive working capital means the company has enough funds to cover its short-term obligations.

• Negative working capital means the company may struggle to meet its short-term obligations.

• Examples of current assets include cash, invent...read more

Corporate actions are events initiated by a company that can affect the stock price and shareholder value.

• Dividends

• Stock splits

• Mergers and acquisitions

• Spin-offs

• Rights issues

• Bonus issues

• Share buybacks

• Name changes

• Delistings

To check if a linked list is looped onto itself, we can use hashmaps.

• Create an empty hashmap

• Traverse the linked list, for each node check if it already exists in the hashmap

• If a node already exists, it means the linked list is looped

• If the traversal completes without finding a loop, the linked list is not looped

I have extensive experience in designing and implementing frameworks for various software projects.

• Designed and implemented a custom testing framework for automated testing of web applications.

• Utilized Spring framework for developing enterprise applications, including dependency injection and aspect-oriented programming.

• Contributed to the design and implementation of a microservices architecture using Netflix OSS frameworks like Eureka and Zuul.

Collateral is an asset or property that a borrower offers to a lender as security for a loan.

• Collateral can include real estate, vehicles, equipment, or financial assets.

• In case of a collateral dispute, it is important to review the loan agreement and documentation to determine the rights and responsibilities of both parties.

• Communication with all parties involved is key to resolving the dispute amicably.

• If necessary, legal action may be taken to enforce the terms of the loan...read more

Loop in a linkedlist can be found using Floyd's cycle-finding algorithm.

• Use two pointers, one moving at a speed of 1 and the other at a speed of 2.

• If there is a loop, the two pointers will eventually meet at some point.

• If there is no loop, the faster pointer will reach the end of the list.

• Time complexity is O(n) and space complexity is O(1).

Data governance is the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of data within an organization. Data stewardship is the responsibility for managing and ensuring the quality of data within a specific domain or department.

• Data governance involves defining policies, procedures, and standards for data management.

• Data stewardship involves implementing and enforcing those policies within a specific area of the organization.

• To ensure data governance...read more

Microservices are small, independent, and loosely coupled services that work together to form a larger application.

• Microservices architecture breaks down a large application into smaller, independent services

• Each service is responsible for a specific task and communicates with other services through APIs

• This approach allows for greater flexibility, scalability, and easier maintenance

• Examples of companies using microservices include Netflix, Amazon, and Uber

Threads are lightweight processes that share memory and resources, while processes are independent and have their own memory and resources.

• Threads are a part of a process and share the same memory space.

• Processes are independent and have their own memory space.

• Threads are faster to create and switch between than processes.

• Processes are more secure and stable than threads.

• Examples of processes include web browsers and text editors, while examples of threads include background ...read more

Code to throw ConcurrentModificationException and how to avoid it

• Iterating over a collection and modifying it at the same time can throw ConcurrentModificationException

• To avoid it, use Iterator to iterate over the collection and then modify it

• Alternatively, use ConcurrentHashMap or CopyOnWriteArrayList for thread-safe iteration

Printing a matrix in spiral order

• Start from the first element and print it

• Move in a spiral order towards the center of the matrix

• Repeat until all elements are printed

Singleton design pattern was used in the project.

• Singleton design pattern ensures that only one instance of a class is created and provides a global point of access to it.

• It is useful when there is a need for a single instance of a class that can be accessed globally.

• Example: In our project, we used the Singleton pattern to create a Logger class that maintains a single instance throughout the application.

Capital markets are financial markets where long-term securities such as stocks and bonds are traded.

• Capital markets are where companies and governments raise funds by issuing securities.

• These markets are typically for long-term investments and have a lower liquidity than other financial markets.

• Examples of capital markets include the New York Stock Exchange and the bond market.

• Investors in capital markets are typically institutional investors such as pension funds and insura...read more

Counting radio buttons on a page in Selenium using findElements method

• Use findElements method to locate all radio buttons on the page

• Get the size of the list of elements to count the number of radio buttons

Finance is the study of money management and investment decisions.

• Finance involves analyzing financial statements and market trends.

• It includes making investment decisions, managing risk, and raising capital.

• Examples of financial instruments include stocks, bonds, and derivatives.

• Finance also encompasses personal finance, corporate finance, and public finance.

Depreciation reduces net income on the income statement but is added back on the cash flow statement as a non-cash expense.

• Depreciation is a non-cash expense that reduces the net income on the income statement.

• On the cash flow statement, depreciation is added back as it does not involve an actual outflow of cash.

• Depreciation affects the profitability of a company on the income statement but does not impact its cash position.

• Example: If a company reports $100,000 in depreciati...read more

My thought process on valuation methodology involves analyzing financial statements, market trends, and industry comparables to determine the value of a company.

• I start by examining the company's financial statements to understand its revenue, expenses, and profitability.

• I then research market trends and industry comparables to see how the company stacks up against its competitors.

• Next, I consider different valuation methods such as discounted cash flow analysis, comparable c...read more

Spring is a framework for building Java applications, while SpringBoot is a tool that simplifies the setup and configuration of Spring applications.

• Spring is a comprehensive framework that provides various modules for different functionalities like dependency injection, aspect-oriented programming, etc.

• SpringBoot is an opinionated tool that simplifies the setup and configuration of Spring applications by providing defaults and auto-configuration.

• SpringBoot reduces the need fo...read more

The impact of CA and dividends on NAV, journal entries for dividends, and consequences of unbooked trades in fund accounting.

• CA can impact NAV by affecting the valuation of assets and liabilities in the fund.

• Dividends can impact NAV by increasing or decreasing the fund's total value.

• Journal entries for Dividend payable: Debit Dividend Payable, Credit Cash; Dividend receivable: Debit Cash, Credit Dividend Income.

• Unbooked trades can lead to inaccurate financial reporting, misre...read more

When searching a record on global search in ServiceNow, the platform performs a search across all tables and fields to find relevant results.

• ServiceNow platform uses the search index to quickly retrieve relevant records

• Search results are displayed based on relevance and permissions

• Users can refine search results using filters and sorting options

Design a parking lot system

• Determine the size and capacity of the parking lot

• Decide on the type of parking system (e.g. self-parking, valet)

• Implement a ticketing system for entry and exit

• Install security cameras and lighting for safety

• Consider implementing a reservation system for high-demand periods

Program to find frequency of words in a sentence

• Split the sentence into words using space as delimiter

• Create a map to store word frequencies

• Iterate through the words and update the map accordingly

• Handle case sensitivity and punctuation if needed