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IBM
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P2P cycle refers to the procurement process from purchase to payment.
The cycle starts with identifying the need for a product or service.
A purchase order is then created and sent to the supplier.
The supplier delivers the product or service and sends an invoice.
The invoice is matched with the purchase order and goods receipt.
If everything matches, the invoice is approved for payment.
Payment is then made to the supp...
PR is created by the PR department or agency, in collaboration with the relevant stakeholders.
PR department or agency is responsible for creating PR
Collaboration with relevant stakeholders is necessary
PR creation involves identifying target audience, crafting key messages, and selecting appropriate channels
PR can be created for various purposes such as brand awareness, crisis management, product launches, etc.
The 5 key fields in PR are supplier management, contract management, sourcing, negotiation, and spend analysis.
Supplier management involves identifying and managing suppliers to ensure timely delivery of goods and services.
Contract management involves creating and managing contracts with suppliers to ensure compliance and minimize risk.
Sourcing involves identifying potential suppliers and evaluating their capabili...
The Singleton pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
Singleton class restricts instantiation to one object.
It uses a private constructor to prevent external instantiation.
A static method (often named getInstance) provides access to the instance.
Example: public class Singleton { private static Singleton instance; private Singleton() {} public static Singleton getIn...
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Profit or loss is created by comparing revenue and expenses.
Profit is created when revenue exceeds expenses.
Loss is created when expenses exceed revenue.
Net income is calculated by subtracting expenses from revenue.
Profit and loss statement shows the financial performance of a company.
Profitability ratios like gross profit margin and net profit margin are used to analyze profit or loss.
Accrual accounting recognize...
Ledger posting involves recording financial transactions in the appropriate accounts.
Identify the accounts affected by the transaction
Determine the type of account (asset, liability, equity, revenue, expense)
Debit or credit the appropriate account based on the transaction type
Record the transaction in the general ledger
Ensure accuracy and completeness of the posting
Accrual postings are essential for recognizing revenues and expenses when they occur, not when cash is exchanged.
Accrual accounting recognizes revenue when earned, e.g., recording sales before payment is received.
Expenses are recorded when incurred, e.g., recognizing utility expenses for the month even if the bill is paid later.
Example: If a company provides services worth $10,000 in December but receives payment ...
WSDL and SOAP have different components that enable communication between web services.
WSDL components include types, messages, port types, bindings, and services.
SOAP components include envelope, header, body, and fault.
WSDL describes the web service and SOAP defines the message format.
WSDL is written in XML and SOAP messages are sent over HTTP.
Examples of WSDL and SOAP can be found in popular web services like A...
Security patterns for SOAP and REST services
Use HTTPS for secure communication
Implement authentication and authorization mechanisms
Use message encryption and decryption
Implement input validation and output encoding
Use rate limiting to prevent DoS attacks
Implement logging and monitoring for security incidents
Use OAuth for secure API access
Implement CORS to restrict access from unauthorized domains
I would immediately investigate the issue and work to resolve it before the production deployment.
Check the logs to identify the root cause of the performance issue
Analyze the code changes made and identify any potential bottlenecks
Work with the development team to implement a fix for the issue
Perform thorough testing to ensure the fix does not introduce any new issues
Communicate the issue and resolution to stakeh...
I appeared for an interview in May 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I appeared for an interview in Jun 2023, where I was asked the following questions.
WAN (Wide Area Network) connects multiple local networks over large distances, enabling communication and data sharing.
WANs cover large geographical areas, such as cities, countries, or even continents.
They use various transmission technologies, including leased lines, satellite links, and VPNs.
Examples of WANs include the Internet, corporate networks connecting multiple offices, and telecommunications networks.
LAN (Local Area Network) connects computers and devices in a limited area for resource sharing.
LAN typically covers a small geographic area, like a home, office, or campus.
Common technologies include Ethernet and Wi-Fi.
Devices on a LAN can share resources like printers and files.
LANs can be wired (using cables) or wireless (using Wi-Fi).
Example: A home network connecting computers, smartphones, and smart TVs.
Error 001 typically indicates a generic or unspecified error in a system, often requiring further investigation to diagnose.
Generic Error Code: Error 001 is often used as a placeholder for an unspecified error, indicating that something went wrong without specific details.
Troubleshooting Steps: To resolve Error 001, check system logs, review recent changes, and ensure all dependencies are correctly configured.
Common Co...
System32 is a critical Windows operating system directory containing essential system files and drivers.
Contains core system files necessary for Windows to operate.
Includes drivers for hardware components like printers and graphics cards.
Accessing System32 can lead to system configuration changes.
Deleting or modifying files in System32 can cause system instability.
Commonly referenced in jokes and memes about computer i...
BitLocker is a disk encryption feature in Windows that protects data by encrypting entire volumes.
Provides full disk encryption to protect data from unauthorized access.
Uses AES encryption algorithm to secure data.
Can be managed via Group Policy for enterprise environments.
Supports TPM (Trusted Platform Module) for enhanced security.
Allows recovery options through recovery keys or passwords.
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed in Oct 2024. There was 1 interview round.
High level item category is used at document level to group similar items together for easier tracking and reporting.
High level item category can be used to classify items based on their type, purpose, or department.
It helps in organizing and grouping items for better visibility and analysis.
For example, in a procurement document, high level item category can be used to group all office supplies together for easier tra...
The 17th step in pricing procedure is determining the final price based on all previous calculations and adjustments.
The 17th step involves taking into account all previous steps in the pricing procedure
It may involve applying discounts, taxes, and any other adjustments to arrive at the final price
This step is crucial in ensuring that the final price is accurate and competitive
Output determination involves configuring condition records, access sequences, and output types in SAP ERP system.
Define condition tables for output determination
Create access sequences to determine the sequence of condition tables
Assign condition records to access sequences
Configure output types and assign them to access sequences
Test output determination by creating sales orders or invoices
Master data tables for customer and material master are essential for storing detailed information about customers and materials.
Customer master table stores information about customers such as name, address, contact details, etc.
Material master table stores information about materials such as description, unit of measure, price, etc.
These tables are crucial for efficient data management and retrieval in a business sys...
Item categories for return orders, consignment processes, and their schedule lines
Return orders typically fall under categories like damaged goods, wrong item received, or change of mind
Consignment processes may involve categories such as delivery scheduling, inventory management, and payment terms
Schedule lines for return orders and consignment processes help track timelines for actions and deliveries
The golden rule of access sequence determines the order in which system accesses condition records in SAP.
Access sequences are used in SAP to determine the order in which condition records are accessed during pricing determination
The golden rule states that the system will access condition records in the order they are defined in the access sequence
If a condition record is found in an earlier step of the access sequenc...
Tax configuration should be placed at the end of the pricing procedure to ensure accurate calculations.
Tax configuration should be placed after all other conditions and calculations in the pricing procedure.
This ensures that taxes are calculated on the final price after all discounts and surcharges have been applied.
Placing tax configuration at the end helps in avoiding any discrepancies in tax calculations.
Example: Co...
Standard orders have regular delivery times while rush orders require immediate delivery. Controls for rush orders are typically set in the system.
Standard orders have regular delivery times based on the company's standard processing and shipping times.
Rush orders are prioritized for immediate delivery, often with expedited processing and shipping.
Controls for rush orders are usually set in the system, such as flagging...
Basic coding and advanced topics of handling scenario
The SAP T code for vendors creation is XK01.
Use transaction code XK01 in SAP to create a new vendor
Enter the necessary details such as vendor name, address, payment terms, etc.
Save the vendor information once all details are entered
Case studies will be provided
I applied via Job Portal and was interviewed in Nov 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
I have three questions: 1. How to handle null values? 2. What are ranking functions? 3. Can you explain self joins?
I primarily use tools such as Microsoft Excel, PowerPoint, and Tableau for data analysis and visualization.
Microsoft Excel for data manipulation and analysis
PowerPoint for creating presentations
Tableau for data visualization
I can join within two weeks of receiving an offer.
I can start within two weeks of receiving an offer.
I need to give notice at my current job before starting.
I have some personal commitments that I need to wrap up before joining.
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