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CNNs consist of multiple layers that process data hierarchically, extracting features for tasks like image recognition.
Convolutional Layer: Applies filters to input images to create feature maps, e.g., detecting edges.
Activation Layer: Introduces non-linearity, commonly using ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) to enhance learning.
Pooling Layer: Reduces dimensionality, e.g., Max Pooling selects the maximum value from a f...
ROC-AUC measures a model's ability to distinguish between classes, providing insight into its performance across thresholds.
ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve plots True Positive Rate (TPR) against False Positive Rate (FPR).
AUC (Area Under the Curve) quantifies the overall ability of the model to discriminate between positive and negative classes.
An AUC of 0.5 indicates no discrimination (random guessin...
Backpropagation is an algorithm used for training neural networks by minimizing the error through gradient descent.
Backpropagation calculates the gradient of the loss function with respect to each weight by the chain rule.
It involves two main phases: forward pass (calculating output) and backward pass (updating weights).
For example, in a neural network, if the output is incorrect, backpropagation adjusts weights t...
Vectorization is the process of converting operations to work on entire arrays or matrices instead of individual elements.
Improves performance by leveraging optimized libraries (e.g., NumPy in Python).
Allows for parallel processing, reducing computation time.
Example: Adding two arrays element-wise can be done in one operation instead of a loop.
Facilitates cleaner and more readable code by reducing the need for exp...
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Cash flow refers to the movement of money in and out of a business, crucial for its financial health and operations.
Cash inflow includes revenue from sales, investments, and loans.
Cash outflow consists of expenses like salaries, rent, and utilities.
Positive cash flow indicates a business can meet its obligations; negative cash flow can signal financial trouble.
Example: A retail store receives cash from customers (...
IT General Controls (ITGC) ensure the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of data in IT systems.
Access Controls: Manage who can access systems and data. Example: Role-based access control (RBAC).
Change Management: Ensure that changes to systems are made in a controlled manner. Example: Documenting and approving changes.
Data Backup and Recovery: Protect data from loss and ensure it can be restored. Example...
Key risks and controls in experienced processes include operational, compliance, and financial risks, with tailored controls for each industry.
Operational risks: Inefficiencies in processes can lead to delays; implementing process automation can mitigate this risk.
Compliance risks: Industries like finance face strict regulations; regular audits and compliance training are essential controls.
Financial risks: Market...
Query to find the second-highest average salary in each department using SQL.
Use the AVG() function to calculate average salaries per department.
Utilize a subquery to rank the average salaries within each department.
Use the ROW_NUMBER() or RANK() window function to assign ranks to average salaries.
Filter the results to get only the second-highest average salary.
Profit and loss refer to the financial outcomes of a business, indicating its earnings and expenses over a specific period.
Profit is the financial gain after deducting expenses from revenue. Example: If a company earns $100,000 and spends $70,000, profit is $30,000.
Loss occurs when expenses exceed revenue. Example: If a company earns $50,000 but spends $70,000, it incurs a loss of $20,000.
Profit can be reinvested ...
Assets are resources owned by a company, while liabilities are obligations owed to others.
Assets represent economic resources, such as cash, inventory, and property.
Liabilities are financial obligations, like loans, accounts payable, and mortgages.
Example of an asset: A company's building or machinery.
Example of a liability: A bank loan that the company must repay.
I applied via Referral and was interviewed before Jul 2023. There were 4 interview rounds.
General Knowledge, Logical Reasoning, Quantitative Aptitude (I started as an Intern )
Staff/Associate Consultant/ Consultant is tested on Excel, PowerPoint and Word.
I am a recent graduate with a degree in accounting and a strong interest in pursuing a career in auditing.
Recent graduate with a degree in accounting
Strong interest in pursuing a career in auditing
Detail-oriented and analytical
Effective communication skills
Experience with financial analysis and reporting
I am seeking new experiences and opportunities for personal and professional growth outside of my hometown.
Seeking new experiences and challenges
Opportunities for personal and professional growth
Willingness to step out of comfort zone
Exploring different work environments and cultures
Seeking new challenges and growth opportunities.
Desire for professional growth
Looking for new challenges
Seeking better work-life balance
Interested in expanding skill set
Company restructuring or downsizing
My weakness is being overly detail-oriented, but my strength is my strong analytical skills.
Weakness: Sometimes get caught up in minor details, which can slow down progress
Strength: Excellent at analyzing data and identifying patterns
Example: In my previous role, I spent too much time perfecting reports, but my attention to detail helped catch errors before they became bigger issues
My hometown is a small, close-knit community with beautiful natural surroundings.
Good: Strong sense of community where everyone knows each other
Good: Beautiful natural surroundings with hiking trails and parks
Bad: Limited job opportunities leading to high unemployment rates
Bad: Lack of diversity in population and cultural experiences
I have successfully led audit projects, improved processes, and contributed to team growth through training and mentorship.
Led a team in a financial audit that identified $500,000 in cost savings for the client.
Implemented a new audit software that reduced report generation time by 30%.
Trained 5 new staff members on audit procedures, enhancing team efficiency.
Developed a risk assessment framework that improved complian...
EY offers a diverse range of clients and industries, providing a unique learning experience and growth opportunities.
EY has a strong global presence, offering opportunities to work on international assignments.
EY has a reputation for providing excellent training and development programs for staff.
EY has a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship, encouraging employees to think creatively and take on new challenges.
EY...
I am a recent graduate with a degree in accounting and a strong interest in pursuing a career in auditing.
Recent graduate with a degree in accounting
Strong interest in pursuing a career in auditing
Detail-oriented and analytical
Effective communication skills
Ability to work well in a team
In my previous company, I performed financial audits, conducted risk assessments, and prepared audit reports.
Performed financial audits to ensure compliance with regulations
Conducted risk assessments to identify potential areas of concern
Prepared audit reports detailing findings and recommendations
Collaborated with team members to complete audit projects efficiently
Major findings in audit engagements include control deficiencies, financial misstatements, regulatory non-compliance, and operational inefficiencies.
Identified control deficiencies in the inventory management process resulting in increased risk of theft and errors.
Discovered financial misstatements due to improper revenue recognition practices leading to inaccurate financial reporting.
Noted regulatory non-compliance wi...
I am proficient in Excel and PowerPoint, with experience in creating complex spreadsheets and professional presentations.
Proficient in creating and formatting spreadsheets in Excel
Skilled in using formulas, pivot tables, and charts
Experienced in designing professional presentations in PowerPoint
Ability to create visually appealing slides with animations and transitions
I am interested in statutory audit as it provides a challenging and dynamic work environment where I can enhance my analytical skills and gain valuable experience.
Opportunity to work with a variety of clients and industries
Developing strong analytical and problem-solving skills
Gaining exposure to different accounting standards and regulations
Opportunity for career growth and advancement
Enjoy the challenge of working in...
Ind AS 115 and 116 are accounting standards that deal with revenue recognition and leases, respectively.
Ind AS 115 deals with revenue recognition and establishes principles for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers.
Ind AS 116 deals with leases and requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for all leases with a term of more than 12 months.
Both standards are part of the Indian Accounting Standards ...
My favorite Ind AS is Ind AS 115 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
Ind AS 115 provides a comprehensive framework for recognizing revenue from customer contracts.
It focuses on the transfer of control of goods or services to customers.
The standard requires companies to use a five-step model to determine when and how revenue is recognized.
It has significantly impacted revenue recognition practices across various ind...
To audit cash and bank, I would verify bank reconciliations, examine cash receipts and disbursements, and test internal controls.
Verify bank reconciliations to ensure they are accurate and complete
Examine cash receipts and disbursements for proper documentation and authorization
Test internal controls related to cash handling and bank transactions
Perform surprise cash counts to verify physical cash on hand matches accou...
By reviewing supporting documentation, performing analytical procedures, conducting interviews, and using data analytics tools.
Review supporting documentation such as invoices, receipts, and bank statements for inconsistencies or irregularities.
Perform analytical procedures to compare current financial data with historical data and industry benchmarks.
Conduct interviews with relevant personnel to gather additional info...
I audited Sales and Marketing by reviewing sales contracts, analyzing marketing campaigns, and assessing revenue recognition.
Reviewed sales contracts to ensure accuracy and compliance
Analyzed marketing campaigns to assess effectiveness and ROI
Assessed revenue recognition methods to ensure compliance with accounting standards
I will commute by public transportation, specifically taking the bus to the office.
I will take the bus to work as it is the most convenient and cost-effective option for me.
I will check the bus schedule to ensure I arrive at the office on time.
I will consider purchasing a monthly bus pass to save money on daily fares.
Yes, I am comfortable with late nights as I understand the nature of the job and am willing to put in the necessary hours.
I am aware that audit work often requires late nights to meet deadlines.
I am willing to work late when needed to ensure the accuracy and completeness of audits.
I have experience working late nights during busy seasons in previous roles.
I prioritize the quality of work over the time of day, so late n...
I am a dedicated and detail-oriented individual with a strong work ethic and a passion for auditing.
I have a solid educational background in accounting and auditing.
I have relevant work experience in auditing, including internships or previous roles.
I possess strong analytical skills and attention to detail, which are essential for auditing.
I am a quick learner and can adapt to new environments and challenges easily.
I ...
Purchase can be checked by reviewing purchase orders, invoices, receipts, and comparing them to budgeted amounts.
Review purchase orders to ensure they are properly authorized and match the goods or services received
Check invoices for accuracy in terms of pricing, quantity, and terms of payment
Verify receipts to confirm that the goods or services were actually received
Compare all documentation to budgeted amounts to ide...
Supply chain is the network of individuals, organizations, resources, activities, and technology involved in the creation and sale of a product.
Supply chain involves the flow of goods, services, information, and finances from the initial supplier to the end customer.
It includes processes such as sourcing, production, distribution, and delivery.
Efficient supply chain management can lead to cost savings, improved custome...
P2P (Procure-to-Pay) process involves requisition, approval, purchase order, receipt, invoice, and payment.
Requisition: Request for goods or services needed.
Approval: Authorization of the requisition by appropriate personnel.
Purchase Order: Formal document sent to supplier outlining details of the purchase.
Receipt: Acknowledgment of goods or services received.
Invoice: Bill from supplier for goods or services provided.
P...
Top 5 cash and bank issues include reconciliation discrepancies, fraud, insufficient controls, inaccurate recording, and cash flow problems.
Reconciliation discrepancies between bank statements and internal records
Fraudulent activities such as embezzlement or unauthorized transactions
Insufficient controls leading to misappropriation of funds
Inaccurate recording of transactions resulting in financial misstatements
Cash fl...
COSO stands for Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. It is a framework for internal controls.
COSO provides guidelines for organizations to design, implement, and evaluate internal control systems.
It consists of five components: Control Environment, Risk Assessment, Control Activities, Information and Communication, and Monitoring Activities.
COSO helps organizations in achieving their object...
CARO stands for Companies (Auditor's Report) Order. It includes various clauses that auditors need to report on.
CARO requires auditors to report on matters such as fixed assets, inventory, loans, etc.
Auditors need to report on whether the company has maintained proper records of its transactions.
CARO also requires auditors to report on the internal control systems of the company.
The order aims to enhance the credibilit...
Joining the CA course provides a strong foundation in accounting, auditing, and financial management, leading to a rewarding career in the field of finance.
CA course offers in-depth knowledge and practical skills in accounting principles and practices.
It opens up opportunities for a successful career in auditing, taxation, and financial management.
Becoming a Chartered Accountant is prestigious and highly respected in t...
I see myself progressing in my career as an Audit Staff, taking on more responsibilities and eventually becoming a senior auditor.
Continuing to develop my skills and knowledge in auditing practices
Taking on leadership roles within audit teams
Working towards obtaining professional certifications such as CPA or CIA
Possibly transitioning into a managerial role in the audit department
Contributing to the growth and success ...
I appeared for an interview in Jun 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I have 3 years of experience with Angular. Pipes are used for data transformation and components are building blocks of Angular applications.
I have worked on Angular projects for 3 years, developing and testing various features.
Pipes in Angular are used for transforming data before displaying it in the UI. For example, date pipe formats dates in a specific way.
Components in Angular are reusable building blocks that enc...
Yes, I can replicate the screen in Angular that is currently visible on my display.
Use Angular's component structure to recreate the screen
Identify the HTML elements and CSS styles used on the screen
Fetch data from APIs if needed to populate the screen
Ensure functionality like buttons, forms, and interactions are replicated accurately
Multiple questions regarding data structures.
I appeared for an interview in Jan 2025.
Architecture of multiple microservices in MS Paint
Draw separate boxes for each microservice
Connect the boxes with lines to show communication
Label each box with the name of the microservice
Include any databases or external services used by the microservices
Anna Sebistian's case raises concerns about workplace safety and mental health in high-pressure environments like EY.
Workplace Environment: High-pressure environments can lead to stress and mental health issues, as seen in Anna's case.
Support Systems: Companies should implement robust support systems, such as counseling services, to help employees cope with stress.
Training and Awareness: Regular training on mental heal...
Agile is a project management methodology focused on iterative development, SDLC is the software development life cycle, and user stories are short descriptions of a feature told from the perspective of the end user.
Agile is a project management approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and customer feedback.
SDLC is the process of planning, creating, testing, and deploying software applications.
User stories ...
To create a new market in Vietnam for LC/BG, we can start by conducting market research, building relationships with local businesses and government agencies, and offering tailored financial solutions.
Conduct market research to understand the needs and preferences of Vietnamese businesses
Build relationships with local banks, businesses, and government agencies to establish credibility and trust
Offer tailored financial ...
Acceptance criteria are conditions that a product must satisfy to be accepted by a user, customer, or stakeholder.
Acceptance criteria are typically defined during the planning phase of a project.
They are used to determine whether a product or feature is complete and functioning as expected.
Acceptance criteria are often written in a specific format, such as 'Given X, when Y, then Z.'
They help ensure that the product mee...
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Aug 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
Power BI Services features include data visualization, interactive reports, dashboards, and data connectivity.
Data visualization tools like charts, graphs, and maps
Interactive reports for exploring data and gaining insights
Dashboards for monitoring key metrics and KPIs
Data connectivity to various sources like Excel, SQL databases, and cloud services
Seeking new challenges and growth opportunities in a different environment.
Desire for career advancement
Looking for new challenges
Seeking a change in work environment
Opportunity to learn and grow in a different setting
I applied via Referral and was interviewed in Sep 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
I have 3 years of experience working in the Data Analytic team where I analyzed large datasets to provide insights and recommendations.
Performed data cleaning and preprocessing tasks to ensure data accuracy
Utilized statistical analysis and machine learning techniques to extract valuable information
Created data visualizations and reports to communicate findings to stakeholders
Data cleansing involves identifying and correcting errors in data to improve its quality. Ways to analyze data include using statistical methods, data visualization, and machine learning algorithms.
Identify and remove duplicate records
Standardize data formats and values
Fill in missing values using imputation techniques
Use data profiling to understand data quality issues
Apply data validation rules to ensure accuracy
Util...
I would deal with the overwhelming nature of working in a Big4 by prioritizing tasks, seeking support from colleagues, and practicing self-care.
Prioritize tasks based on deadlines and importance to avoid feeling overwhelmed
Seek support from colleagues or mentors to discuss challenges and brainstorm solutions
Practice self-care activities such as exercise, meditation, or hobbies to manage stress and maintain work-life ba...
Git fetch retrieves updates from a remote repository, while git pull fetches and merges them into the current branch.
git fetch updates the local repository with changes from the remote but does not merge them.
Example: 'git fetch origin' fetches changes from the 'origin' remote.
git pull combines 'git fetch' and 'git merge', updating the local branch with remote changes.
Example: 'git pull origin main' fetches and merges ...
Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) automatically adjusts the number of pods in a deployment based on CPU utilization or other metrics.
HPA monitors metrics like CPU and memory usage to determine scaling needs.
It uses the Kubernetes Metrics Server to gather resource usage data.
For example, if CPU usage exceeds a defined threshold, HPA can increase the number of pods.
HPA can also scale down pods when resource usage is low, e...
Terraform checks resources using the 'terraform plan' command to preview changes and 'terraform state' for current resource status.
Use 'terraform plan' to see what changes will be made before applying them.
Run 'terraform apply' to implement the changes after reviewing the plan.
Check the current state of resources with 'terraform state list' to view managed resources.
Use 'terraform show' to display detailed information ...
Docker's EXPOSE and -p options define container ports for communication and mapping to host ports.
EXPOSE command in Dockerfile specifies which ports the container listens on at runtime.
Example: EXPOSE 80 exposes port 80 for HTTP traffic.
-p option in 'docker run' maps a container's port to a host port.
Example: 'docker run -p 8080:80 myapp' maps host port 8080 to container port 80.
Using EXPOSE alone does not publish the ...
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed in Oct 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
An aptitude test was conducted prior to being selected for Interviews
In the next 5 years, I aim to grow as an Audit Associate, enhance my skills, and contribute to impactful audit projects.
Achieve CPA certification to deepen my understanding of accounting principles and enhance my credibility in the field.
Gain experience in various audit sectors, such as financial services and healthcare, to broaden my expertise.
Take on leadership roles in audit projects, mentoring junior associates and...
I possess strong analytical, communication, and problem-solving skills, essential for effective business consulting.
Analytical Skills: I excel in data analysis, using tools like Excel and Tableau to derive insights from complex datasets.
Communication: I have experience presenting findings to stakeholders, ensuring clarity and engagement during discussions.
Problem-Solving: I successfully led a project that streamlined o...
Some of the top questions asked at the Ernst & Young interview -
The duration of Ernst & Young interview process can vary, but typically it takes about less than 2 weeks to complete.
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