CSG International Lead Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. How CAN protocol Work? What is RTR?
Ans. 
CAN protocol is a communication protocol used in automotive and industrial applications. RTR stands for Remote Transmission Request.
• CAN protocol is a message-based protocol used for communication between electronic control units in vehicles and industrial machinery.

• It uses a two-wire differential bus to transmit data between nodes on the network.

• RTR is a bit in the CAN message that indicates whether the message is a da...read more
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Q2. How Communication control Service work?
Ans. 
Communication control service manages communication between different components in a system.
• Communication control service coordinates the flow of information between various parts of a system.

• It ensures that messages are sent and received correctly and in a timely manner.

• Examples include message queues, event-driven architectures, and service-oriented architectures.
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Q3. Which tool use for code build?
Ans. 
Jenkins is commonly used for code build.
• Jenkins is a popular tool for continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD).

• Other tools like GitLab CI/CD, Travis CI, and CircleCI are also commonly used for code build.

• These tools automate the process of building, testing, and deploying code changes.
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Q1. Coin change problem
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The coin change problem involves finding the minimum number of coins needed to make a certain amount of change.
• Use dynamic programming to solve this problem efficiently.

• Start by creating a table to store the minimum number of coins needed for each amount from 0 to the target amount.

• Iterate through each coin denomination and update the table accordingly.

• Return the value in the table corresponding to the target amount as
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Q2. Basic java fundamnetals
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Q1. Left view of binary tree
Ans. 
The left view of a binary tree shows the nodes that are visible when looking at the tree from the left side.
• The left view of a binary tree can be obtained by performing a level order traversal and keeping track of the first node at each level.

• Example: For a binary tree with root node 1, left child 2, and right child 3, the left view would be [1, 2].
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Q2. Peak element in rotated sorted array
Ans. 
Peak element in rotated sorted array
• Peak element is greater than its neighbors

• Binary search can be used to find peak element

• Consider edge cases like array with only one element or no peak element
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Q1. Miscoservice architecture
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Q1. Transaction in Spring Boot
Ans. 
Transactions in Spring Boot help manage database operations as a single unit of work.
• Transactions ensure ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) for database operations.

• Use @Transactional annotation to mark a method as transactional.

• Transactions can be managed programmatically using TransactionTemplate.

• Rollback can be triggered manually in case of exceptions.

• Spring Boot supports both declarative
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Q2. Java Array and problem solving
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Q1. Train a Decision Tree based on dataset provided?
Ans. 
Train a Decision Tree based on provided dataset.
• Preprocess the dataset by handling missing values and encoding categorical variables.

• Split the dataset into training and testing sets.

• Train the Decision Tree model on the training set.

• Evaluate the model's performance on the testing set using metrics like accuracy or F1 score.
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Q2. How can you do feature selection?
Ans. 
Feature selection can be done using techniques like filter methods, wrapper methods, and embedded methods.
• Filter methods involve selecting features based on statistical measures like correlation, chi-squared test, etc.

• Wrapper methods use a specific machine learning algorithm to evaluate the importance of features through iterative selection.

• Embedded methods incorporate feature selection within the model training proces...read more
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Q1. Questions were mostly around system design, you will be given a case like a stock system and specific use case is asked to design end to end from UI to backend.
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Q2. Some of the system debugging/performance improvement questions are asked from both UI and backend.
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Simply array and string problems

Q1. OOPS, arrays and strings
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Q1. Basic of Oops and Garbage collection
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Q1. Code Review in c# and also with some network regarding questions
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Q1. Implement minstack
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Q2. How load balancers work
Ans. 
Load balancers distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers to ensure no single server is overwhelmed.
• Load balancers monitor the health of servers and distribute traffic based on predefined algorithms.

• They can be hardware-based or software-based.

• Common algorithms used by load balancers include round-robin, least connections, and IP hash.

• Load balancers can improve reliability and scalability of a website ...read more
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Q1. 2 sum problem to implement in O(n)
Ans. 
The Two Sum problem involves finding two numbers in an array that add up to a target value.
• Iterate through the array and store the difference between the target and current element in a hashmap.

• Check if the current element exists in the hashmap, if yes, return the indices of the current element and the stored difference.

• Time complexity of O(n) can be achieved by using a hashmap to store elements and their indices.
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Q2. About the projects i have done
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