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Dockerfile is a text file that contains instructions to build a Docker image.
Dockerfile is used to define the environment and dependencies for a Docker container
It includes commands like FROM, RUN, COPY, and CMD to specify the base image, run commands, copy files, and set the default command
Dockerfile is used with the 'docker build' command to create a Docker image
Jenkinsfile is a text file that defines the pipeline for a Jenkins job.
Jenkinsfile is written in Groovy scripting language.
It allows defining the entire pipeline as code, including build, test, and deployment stages.
Jenkinsfile can be stored in version control along with the project code for better traceability.
It enables automation and repeatability of the CI/CD process.
Example: pipeline { agent any stages { stage('Bu...
To reduce the size of a Docker file, remove unnecessary dependencies, use multi-stage builds, optimize layers, and use smaller base images.
Remove unnecessary dependencies and files
Utilize multi-stage builds to reduce the number of layers
Optimize layers by grouping related commands together
Use smaller base images like Alpine instead of larger ones like Ubuntu
Orchestration is the automated arrangement, coordination, and management of complex computer systems or services.
Orchestration involves automating tasks such as provisioning, configuration, deployment, scaling, and monitoring of software applications.
It helps in streamlining and optimizing the workflow of various components in a system.
Popular orchestration tools include Kubernetes, Docker Swarm, and Apache Mesos.
Orche...
Azure DevOps is a set of development tools provided by Microsoft to help teams plan, build, and deploy software applications.
Azure DevOps includes services for version control, build automation, release management, and more
It allows for collaboration between development and operations teams
Users can create pipelines to automate the build and deployment process
Azure Boards can be used for project management and tracking
Helm charts are packages of pre-configured Kubernetes resources used for deploying applications.
Helm charts are used to define, install, and upgrade Kubernetes applications.
They are written in YAML and can include templates for Kubernetes resources like deployments, services, and ingress.
Helm charts can be customized using values files to adjust configurations for different environments.
Helm charts are stored in reposi...
Host webapp container using dockerfile and dockercompose
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed before Mar 2023. There were 3 interview rounds.
To decrease the size of a Dockerfile, steps such as using multi-stage builds, minimizing layers, and optimizing image size can be taken.
Use multi-stage builds to reduce the number of layers in the final image
Minimize the number of RUN commands by combining them into a single command
Remove unnecessary files and dependencies from the image
Use smaller base images like Alpine instead of larger ones like Ubuntu
Optimize the ...
Init container is a special type of container in Kubernetes that runs before the main application container starts.
Init containers are used to perform tasks such as setting up configuration files, initializing a database, or waiting for a service to be ready before the main container starts.
They run to completion before the main container starts, ensuring that any dependencies are met.
Init containers share the same net...
NodePort type service exposes a service on a specific port on all nodes in the cluster.
NodePort type service allows external traffic to access a service in a Kubernetes cluster
It assigns a static port on each node, which forwards traffic to the service
It is commonly used for accessing applications externally in a development environment
VPC peering allows connecting two VPCs to communicate with each other using private IP addresses.
Ensure both VPCs are in the same region
Update route tables in both VPCs to allow traffic between them
Ensure there are no overlapping CIDR blocks
Accept the peering connection request in both VPCs
Write a Dockerfile to create image for a web app
I appeared for an interview before Apr 2023.
Top trending discussions
I applied via Great learning and was interviewed in May 2022. There were 4 interview rounds.
General aptitude questions
I applied via LinkedIn and was interviewed in Sep 2024. There was 1 interview round.
DevOps components include culture, automation, measurement, and sharing.
Culture: Encouraging collaboration and communication between development and operations teams.
Automation: Implementing tools for continuous integration, continuous delivery, and infrastructure as code.
Measurement: Monitoring and analyzing performance metrics to improve processes and identify areas for optimization.
Sharing: Facilitating knowledge sh...
I have worked on various projects involving automation, CI/CD pipelines, containerization, and infrastructure as code.
Implemented Jenkins pipelines for automating build, test, and deployment processes
Utilized Docker and Kubernetes for containerization and orchestration
Managed infrastructure using Terraform and Ansible
Addressed challenges related to scalability, performance optimization, and security
Collaborated with cr...
I applied via Walk-in and was interviewed in Feb 2022. There were 3 interview rounds.
There where two paper one was of maths and second paper was of engligh.
There where ten person in one GD, topic was provided us by them.
I applied via Apna Jobs and was interviewed in Oct 2022. There were 2 interview rounds.
VPN is a secure connection between two or more devices over the internet.
VPN encrypts data to ensure privacy and security
It allows remote access to a private network
It can be used to bypass geo-restrictions and access blocked content
Examples include OpenVPN, Cisco AnyConnect, and NordVPN
Ping cmd is a network diagnostic tool used to test connectivity between two devices.
Ping sends ICMP packets to the destination device and measures the response time.
It can be used to test network latency, packet loss, and network congestion.
Ping can also be used to determine the IP address of a device.
Ping can be run from the command prompt on Windows, macOS, and Linux systems.
Ping can be used with various options such...
Dual booting allows two operating systems to be installed on one computer, giving the user the option to choose which to use.
Create a separate partition for each operating system
Install the first operating system on one partition
Install the second operating system on the other partition
Use a boot manager to choose which operating system to boot into
Examples of boot managers include GRUB and Windows Boot Manager
A virtual machine is a software emulation of a physical computer that can run multiple operating systems and applications.
Virtual machines allow for efficient use of hardware resources by sharing them among multiple virtual machines
They provide a secure and isolated environment for running applications
Virtual machines can be easily created, cloned, and moved between physical hosts
Examples of virtual machine software in
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed in Jan 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
Windows and Android OS have evolved with new features and improvements compared to past versions.
Windows 10 introduced a new Start menu and Cortana virtual assistant.
Android 11 focused on improved privacy controls and messaging features.
Both OS have enhanced security measures compared to their past versions.
I appeared for an interview before Jan 2021.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
First round was skype based technical interview.
You are connected through screen on the terminal and basic to advanced shell scripting is asked.
They will ask basic to advanced shell commands, some shell scripting tasks and about linux kernel.
Tips: You have to be really sure in a skype interview that you know the question being asked, as you can't take much time.
A process in Linux is an instance of a running program, identified by a unique process ID (PID) and containing information about its execution.
A process is an executing instance of a program in Linux.
Each process is identified by a unique process ID (PID).
Processes can be managed using commands like ps, top, and kill.
Processes can run in the foreground or background.
Examples of processes include web servers, database s
The Linux boot process involves several stages including BIOS, bootloader, kernel initialization, and user space initialization.
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) performs hardware initialization and loads the bootloader
Bootloader (such as GRUB) loads the Linux kernel into memory and starts its execution
Kernel initializes devices, mounts the root filesystem, and starts the init process
Init process (systemd or SysVinit) i
You can monitor file changes in Linux using tools like inotifywait, auditd, or by writing custom scripts.
Use inotifywait command to monitor file changes in real-time
Set up auditd to track file changes and system calls
Write custom scripts using tools like inotify or diff to monitor specific files or directories
You can kill all Java processes with a single command using pkill or killall commands.
Use pkill command followed by the process name 'java' to kill all Java processes: pkill java
Alternatively, you can use killall command with the process name 'java' to achieve the same result: killall java
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
This round was also on skype.
This round was more DevOps tools oriented and language programming.
They asked me about Chef, Ansible and some other tools used for configuration management and deployment.
They ask if your familiar with AWS and other cloud services.
Also you will get to show that you can code in any scripting languages like ruby or python.
Also some database related things.
Tips: Only mention the tools you really know inside out in the resume.
Ruby program to check if a directory exists
Use the File.directory? method in Ruby to check if a directory exists
Provide the directory path as an argument to the method
Return true if the directory exists, false otherwise
SQL query optimization techniques improve performance by reducing query execution time.
Use indexes to speed up data retrieval
Avoid using SELECT * and only retrieve necessary columns
Optimize joins by using appropriate join types (e.g. INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN)
Use WHERE clause to filter data early in the query
Avoid using subqueries if possible
Chef is a configuration management tool used in DevOps to automate infrastructure deployment and management.
Automating server configuration and management
Ensuring consistency across environments
Enabling infrastructure as code practices
Automating application deployment processes
Managing complex infrastructure at scale
Tip 1 : You should be updated with what's going on with latest devops developments.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed before Dec 2020. There were 3 interview rounds.
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