Senior Devops Engineer
200+ Senior Devops Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. What are Terraform life cycles ? and how do we use them ?
Terraform life cycles are a set of stages that define how resources are created, updated, and destroyed.
Terraform life cycles include create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) operations.
They are defined in the provider's resource configuration.
They can be used to control the order in which resources are created or updated.
Examples of life cycle hooks include pre-create, post-update, and pre-delete.
They can be used to perform custom actions before or after resource creation or ...read more

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. How do you trigger a pipeline from a specific version of application code?
Trigger pipeline from specific version of app code
Use version control system to track code changes
Configure pipeline to trigger on specific branch or tag
Pass version number as parameter to pipeline
Use scripting to automate version selection
Integrate with CI/CD tools for seamless deployment
Senior Devops Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. What is ingress in Kubernetes, and how does it help us when deploying an application in AKS?
Ingress is a Kubernetes resource that manages external access to services in a cluster.
Ingress acts as a reverse proxy and routes traffic to the appropriate service based on the URL path or host.
It allows for multiple services to share a single IP address and port.
In AKS, we can use Ingress to expose our application to the internet or to other services within the cluster.
We can configure Ingress rules to specify which services should handle which requests.
Ingress controllers,...read more

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. what are stages involved in release pipeline ? Explain the code
Release pipeline involves stages for deploying code changes to production.
Stages include build, test, deploy, and release.
Code is built and tested in a development environment before being deployed to staging.
Once tested in staging, code is released to production.
Continuous integration and delivery tools automate the pipeline.
Examples include Jenkins, GitLab CI/CD, and AWS CodePipeline.

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. What are TF provisioners? Describe their use cases.
TF provisioners are used to execute scripts or commands on a resource after it is created.
Provisioners are used to configure resources after they are created
They can be used to install software, run scripts, or execute commands
Provisioners can be local or remote, depending on where the script or command is executed
Examples include installing packages on a newly created EC2 instance or running a script to configure a database
Provisioners should be used sparingly and only when ...read more

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. How do we ensure high availability of VM and AKS worker nodes?
Ensure high availability of VM and AKS worker nodes
Use availability sets for VMs to distribute them across fault domains and update domains
Use node pools in AKS to distribute worker nodes across multiple availability zones
Implement auto-scaling to add or remove nodes based on demand
Monitor node health and set up alerts for failures
Regularly update and patch nodes to ensure security and stability
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Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. What are the default inbound/outbound NSG rules when deploying a VM with NSG? Explain them.
Default inbound/outbound NSG rules when we deploy VM with NSG
By default, all inbound traffic is blocked except for traffic that is explicitly allowed by a rule
By default, all outbound traffic is allowed
Inbound rules are evaluated before outbound rules
Default rules can be modified or deleted as per requirement

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. How do we test connectivity to our app in AKS from Azure Front Door?
Test connectivity to AKS app from Azure Front Door
Create a test endpoint in AKS app
Add the endpoint to Front Door backend pool
Use Front Door probe feature to test endpoint connectivity
Check Front Door health probes for successful connectivity
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Asked in Infogain

Q. Which deployment strategy have you used?
I have used blue-green deployment strategy in previous projects.
Blue-green deployment involves running two identical production environments, with one active and one inactive.
Switching between the two environments allows for zero downtime deployments and easy rollback in case of issues.
I have implemented blue-green deployment using tools like Kubernetes and Jenkins in past projects.
Asked in Coriolis Technologies

Q. If storage is full, what steps do you take on on-premises servers?
When storage is full on on-premises servers, consider deleting unnecessary files, archiving old data, expanding storage capacity, or optimizing storage usage.
Identify and delete unnecessary files or logs to free up space
Archive old data that is not frequently accessed
Expand storage capacity by adding more disks or upgrading existing ones
Optimize storage usage by compressing files or moving them to a different location

Asked in Infogain

Q. What are all the DevOps tools you have used in your application deployment?
I have experience with a variety of devops tools including Jenkins, Docker, Kubernetes, Ansible, and Terraform.
Jenkins
Docker
Kubernetes
Ansible
Terraform

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. What are node affinity and pod affinity in Kubernetes (K8s)?
Node affinity and pod affinity are Kubernetes features that allow you to control the scheduling of pods on nodes.
Node affinity is used to schedule pods on specific nodes based on labels or other node attributes.
Pod affinity is used to schedule pods on nodes that already have pods with specific labels or attributes.
Both features can be used to improve performance, reduce network latency, or ensure high availability.
Examples include scheduling pods on nodes with specific hardwa...read more

Asked in ZPE Systems

Q. What will be the tenancy of an EC2 instance if the launch configuration specifies dedicated tenancy and the VPC specifies default tenancy?
The EC2 instance will have dedicated tenancy regardless of the VPC setting.
EC2 instance tenancy is determined by the launch configuration, not the VPC setting
Dedicated tenancy means the instance runs on single-tenant hardware
Default VPC setting does not impact instance tenancy

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. Which Azure cloud services have you worked on? Discuss their use cases in detail at your workplace.
I have worked on Azure App Service, Azure Functions, and Azure DevOps.
Azure App Service was used for hosting web applications and APIs.
Azure Functions were used for serverless computing and event-driven scenarios.
Azure DevOps was used for continuous integration and deployment.
We used Azure DevOps to automate the deployment of our applications to Azure App Service and Azure Functions.
We also used Azure DevOps for source control, work item tracking, and build pipelines.

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. Monitoring tool experience? explain the kind of monitors you might have set for monitoring infra?
I have experience with various monitoring tools and can set up monitors for infrastructure health, performance, and security.
I have experience with tools like Nagios, Zabbix, and Prometheus.
For infrastructure health, I set up monitors for CPU usage, memory usage, disk space, and network connectivity.
For performance, I set up monitors for response time, throughput, and error rates.
For security, I set up monitors for unauthorized access attempts, failed login attempts, and susp...read more

Asked in EPAM Systems

Q. Write a shell script to check if a file exists. If it does not exist, the script should create it.
Shell script to check for a file and create it if it does not exist
Use the 'test' command to check if the file exists
If the file does not exist, use 'touch' command to create it

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. What is the difference between pipeline variables and variable groups in Azure DevOps?
Pipeline variables are scoped to a single pipeline, while variable groups can be shared across multiple pipelines.
Pipeline variables are defined within a pipeline and can be used in tasks within that pipeline
Variable groups are defined at the project level and can be used across multiple pipelines
Variable groups can be linked to Azure Key Vault for secure storage of sensitive information
Pipeline variables can be overridden at runtime using runtime parameters
Variable groups ca...read more

Asked in EPAM Systems

Q. Write an Ansible playbook to install and start Datadog.
Ansible playbook to install and start Datadog
Use Ansible's package module to install Datadog agent package
Use Ansible's service module to start the Datadog service
Ensure proper configuration settings are applied in the playbook

Asked in ZeMoSo Technologies

Q. 1) intro 2) ecplain how web app will be deploy on cloud (explain arch) 3) explain your project CICD 4) cmd vs entrypoint 5) git squash 6) write shell script any 7) write terraform code any 8) monitoring tools q...
read moreComprehensive guide on deploying web apps in the cloud, CI/CD processes, and DevOps tools.
1. Introduction: A Senior DevOps Engineer focuses on automating and improving deployment processes.
2. Cloud Deployment Architecture: Typically involves a load balancer, web servers, application servers, and a database.
3. CI/CD Pipeline: Automates testing and deployment using tools like Jenkins, GitLab CI, or CircleCI.
4. CMD vs ENTRYPOINT: CMD specifies default commands, while ENTRYPOINT ...read more
Asked in Coriolis Technologies

Q. How do you check installed software on an Ubuntu machine?
To check installed softwares in Ubuntu machine, you can use the dpkg command.
Use dpkg -l to list all installed packages
Use dpkg -l | grep
to search for specific packages Use dpkg -l | less to view the list page by page

Asked in Netomi

Q. Suppose I want to schedule my pods based on limits instead of requested resources, what would I need to do?
To schedule pods based on limits, customize the scheduler and use custom resource definitions.
Modify the Kubernetes scheduler to consider limits instead of requests.
Use a custom scheduler that prioritizes pods based on their resource limits.
Implement a scheduling policy that evaluates pod limits for placement decisions.
Example: Create a custom scheduler that assigns pods with higher limits to nodes with more available resources.
Asked in Coriolis Technologies

Q. How do you configure a static IP address for an on-premise server?
To keep a static IP for an on-premise server, configure the network settings on the server and the DHCP server.
Assign a static IP address to the server within the network range
Configure the DHCP server to reserve the static IP address for the server's MAC address
Ensure that the server's network settings are set to use the static IP address
Update DNS records if necessary to reflect the new static IP address
Asked in Coriolis Technologies

Q. How do you partition a CentOS Linux machine?
To partition a CentOS Linux machine, you can use tools like fdisk or parted to create, delete, and manage partitions on the disk.
Use fdisk command to create, delete, and manage partitions on the disk
Use parted command for more advanced partitioning options
Make sure to backup important data before partitioning

Asked in ZPE Systems

Q. How would you protect your web application from public traffic?
Protecting web application from public traffic involves implementing security measures such as firewalls, access controls, and encryption.
Implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter and monitor HTTP traffic
Using access control lists (ACLs) to restrict access to certain IP addresses or ranges
Enforcing HTTPS encryption to secure data in transit
Regularly updating and patching software to address vulnerabilities
Implementing rate limiting to prevent DDoS attacks

Asked in Infogain

Q. In Docker, how do containers communicate?
Containers in Docker can communicate through networking using bridge networks, overlay networks, or user-defined networks.
Containers can communicate with each other using IP addresses and port numbers.
Docker provides default bridge networks for communication between containers on the same host.
Overlay networks allow communication between containers across multiple hosts.
User-defined networks can be created for custom communication requirements.
Containers can also communicate ...read more

Asked in Publicis Sapient

Q. How would you manage drift in Terraform if services are added manually?
To manage drift in Terraform due to manually added services, use Terraform import, state management, and version control.
Use Terraform import to bring manually added services under Terraform management.
Regularly update Terraform state file to reflect the current state of infrastructure.
Utilize version control to track changes made outside of Terraform.
Implement automated checks to detect and reconcile drift in infrastructure.

Asked in Insight

Q. What is the process for writing Terraform code to create an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) cluster, including the use of state files and methods to lock the state file?
The process for writing Terraform code to create an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) cluster
Define the Azure provider in the Terraform configuration file
Specify the AKS cluster resource with necessary configurations such as node count, VM size, etc.
Use Terraform state files to store the current state of the infrastructure
Implement state file locking to prevent concurrent modifications using backend configurations like Azure Blob Storage or Azure Key Vault

Asked in 11:11 Systems

Q. Discuss the architecture of Kubernetes in detail.
K8s is a container orchestration platform that automates deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
K8s architecture consists of a master node and worker nodes.
Master node manages the cluster state and schedules workloads on worker nodes.
Worker nodes run the containers and communicate with the master node.
K8s uses etcd for storing cluster state and API server for communication.
K8s also has various components like kubelet, kube-proxy, and controllers for...read more
Asked in Bidonhomes Dotcom

Q. What do you know about Auto Scaling and Load Balancing in AWS?
Auto scaling and load balancing are AWS services that help in managing traffic and scaling resources automatically.
Auto Scaling helps in automatically adjusting the number of EC2 instances based on traffic demand.
Load Balancing helps in distributing traffic across multiple EC2 instances.
Auto Scaling and Load Balancing work together to ensure that the application is highly available and can handle sudden spikes in traffic.
Auto Scaling can be configured to use different scaling...read more

Asked in Netomi

Q. What happens to the deployed workload within a Kubernetes cluster if the master node goes down?
In case the master goes down in a Kubernetes cluster, the deployed workload continues to run as the worker nodes are still operational.
The worker nodes in the Kubernetes cluster continue to operate and manage the deployed workload even if the master node goes down.
The worker nodes are responsible for running the containers and maintaining the desired state of the cluster.
The master node being down may affect the ability to make changes or updates to the cluster, but the exist...read more
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