10+ Lead DevOps Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

My day to day activities in DevOps involve implementing CI/CD pipelines, managing branching and merging, working on Jenkins pipelines, and ensuring checks for deployments.

• Implementing CI/CD pipelines involves setting up automated build, test, and deployment processes using tools like Jenkins, GitLab CI/CD, or CircleCI.

• Branching and merging in our organization follows a Git flow strategy, where feature branches are created for new development work and merged back into the main...read more

AKS allows for network configuration during creation and provides options for managing it.

• During creation of AKS, network configuration options include specifying virtual network, subnet, and network policies.

• Network configuration can be managed through Azure portal, Azure CLI, or ARM templates.

• AKS supports network policies like Azure CNI, Kubenet, and Calico for network security and isolation.

• Network configuration can also include setting up load balancers, public IPs, and D...read more

Action items include identifying root cause, fixing code, updating documentation, and communicating with team.

• Identify root cause of build or deployment failure

• Fix the code causing the failure

• Update documentation to prevent future failures

• Communicate with team about the failure and resolution

To create a Private Endpoint for Azure Key Vaults, you need to configure a private link service.

• Navigate to the Azure portal and search for 'Key Vaults'.

• Select the Key Vault you want to create a Private Endpoint for.

• In the Key Vault settings, go to 'Private endpoint connections' and click on 'Add'.

• Choose the subscription, resource group, and private DNS zone for the Private Endpoint.

• Review and create the Private Endpoint connection.

Strategies for optimizing costs in cloud computing include rightsizing resources, using reserved instances, leveraging spot instances, and implementing automation.

• Rightsizing resources to match workload demands can help avoid over-provisioning and unnecessary costs.

• Utilizing reserved instances for predictable workloads can provide significant cost savings compared to on-demand pricing.

• Leveraging spot instances for non-critical workloads can further reduce costs, although they...read more

Public DNS can be accessed by anyone on the internet, while private DNS is restricted to a specific group or organization.

• Public DNS servers are typically provided by third-party companies like Google (8.8.8.8) or Cloudflare (1.1.1.1)

• Private DNS servers are used within a specific network, such as a company's internal network, and are not accessible from the public internet

• Public DNS records can be queried using tools like nslookup or dig, while private DNS records may only be...read more

Terraform destroy plan can be known by running 'terraform plan -destroy'

• Run 'terraform plan -destroy' to see the destroy plan before executing it

• Review the output to ensure only the intended resources will be destroyed

• Use '--out' flag to save the plan to a file for later execution

Probe types in Kubernetes deployment are used to determine the health of containers.

• Kubernetes supports two types of probes: liveness and readiness probes.

• Liveness probes are used to determine if a container is running properly.

• Readiness probes are used to determine if a container is ready to serve traffic.

• Probes can be configured with different parameters like initial delay, timeout, and period.

• Examples of probe configurations include HTTP, TCP, and exec probes.

Flexible environment in GCP allows you to run your applications in a fully managed environment with the ability to customize resources.

• Flexible environment in GCP provides a platform for running containerized applications.

• It offers automatic scaling, load balancing, and health checks for your applications.

• You can customize the resources such as CPU, memory, and disk size based on your application's requirements.

• It supports popular container orchestration tools like Kubernetes...read more

K8s, or Kubernetes, is an open-source container orchestration platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

• Kubernetes allows you to deploy and manage containers at scale.

• It provides features like automatic scaling, self-healing, and rolling updates.

• K8s uses a master-slave architecture with a control plane and worker nodes.

• It uses declarative configuration files to define the desired state of the cluster.

• Kubernetes supports vari...read more

Daily activities include monitoring system performance, troubleshooting issues, automating tasks, collaborating with team members, and implementing new technologies.

• Monitoring system performance to ensure optimal operation

• Troubleshooting issues that arise in the infrastructure

• Automating repetitive tasks to improve efficiency

• Collaborating with team members on projects and problem-solving

• Implementing new technologies to enhance the DevOps environment

DevOps process is a set of practices that combines software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to shorten the systems development life cycle.

• DevOps process involves collaboration between development and operations teams.

• It focuses on automating and monitoring the process of software integration, testing, deployment, and infrastructure changes.

• Continuous integration, continuous delivery, and continuous deployment are key components of DevOps process.

To create a VPN, you need to set up a VPN server and configure client devices to connect to it securely.

• Choose a VPN protocol (e.g. OpenVPN, L2TP/IPsec, IKEv2)

• Set up a VPN server on a dedicated machine or cloud service

• Configure firewall rules to allow VPN traffic

• Generate and distribute VPN client certificates or credentials

• Install VPN client software on devices and connect to the VPN server

CI stands for Continuous Integration and CD stands for Continuous Delivery/Continuous Deployment.

• CI is the practice of merging code changes into a shared repository frequently, which triggers automated builds and tests.

• CD is the practice of automating the delivery of applications to various environments, such as staging or production, after passing tests in CI.

• CI/CD pipelines help streamline the software development process by automating testing, building, and deployment task...read more

Ingress is a Kubernetes resource that manages external access to services within a cluster.

• Ingress allows you to route external HTTP and HTTPS traffic to services based on defined rules.

• It acts as a layer 7 load balancer for routing traffic to different services within the cluster.

• Ingress controllers like Nginx or Traefik are used to implement and manage Ingress resources.

• TLS termination, path-based routing, and host-based routing are common features supported by Ingress.

• Ingr...read more