20+ Cognizant Salesforce Developer Interview Questions and Answers

There are multiple ways to write asynchronous code in Salesforce.

• Using @future annotation

• Using Queueable interface

• Using Batch Apex

• Using Platform Events

• Using Asynchronous Apex REST Callouts

Batchable interface has three methods: start(), execute(), and finish().

• start() method is used to initialize the batch job and return the query locator.

• execute() method is used to process the records returned by the query locator.

• finish() method is used to perform any final operations after the batch job completes.

To call child to parent in Lightning aura, use events and event handlers.

• Create an event in the child component

• Register the event in the parent component

• Create an event handler in the parent component

• Fire the event from the child component

• Handle the event in the parent component

• Pass data between the child and parent components using event attributes

Access modifiers in Apex control the visibility and accessibility of classes, methods, variables, and interfaces.

• There are three access modifiers in Apex: private, public, and global.

• Private access modifier restricts access to only within the defining class.

• Public access modifier allows access from any other class or trigger.

• Global access modifier allows access from any Apex code in any Salesforce organization.

• Access modifiers can be applied to classes, methods, variables, an...read more

Annotations are used in Salesforce to add metadata to classes, methods, and variables.

• Annotations are used to provide additional information to the compiler or runtime engine.

• They can be used to control the behavior of code, such as enforcing security or limiting access.

• Examples of annotations include @AuraEnabled, @TestSetup, and @Deprecated.

• Annotations can also be used to provide documentation for code, such as @description or @param.

• Annotations are defined using the @ symb...read more

Profiles and users in Salesforce are used to control access to data and functionality within the platform.

• Profiles define the permissions and access settings for a group of users.

• Users are individuals who have access to the Salesforce platform.

• Profiles can be assigned to users to determine what they can view and edit.

• Users can have different roles and permissions based on their profile settings.

Sales cloud is for managing sales while service cloud is for managing customer service.

• Sales cloud is focused on managing the sales process, from lead generation to closing deals.

• Service cloud is focused on managing customer service, from support cases to service level agreements.

• Sales cloud includes features like lead and opportunity management, while service cloud includes features like case management and knowledge base.

• Sales cloud is typically used by sales teams, while s...read more

Order of Execution in Salesforce determines the sequence of events that occur when a record is saved.

• Validation rules are executed first

• Before triggers are executed next

• Custom validation rules are executed after before triggers

• After triggers are executed next

• Assignment rules are executed after after triggers

• Workflows are executed after assignment rules

• Escalation rules are executed after workflows

• Finally, the record is saved to the database

Coding best practices ensure efficient, maintainable, and scalable code.

• Use meaningful variable and function names

• Follow a consistent coding style

• Write modular and reusable code

• Use version control

• Write unit tests

• Optimize code for performance

• Document code and add comments

Sort a string with both lower and upper case characters.

• Convert the string to an array of characters.

• Sort the array using a custom comparator function that considers case.

• Join the sorted array back into a string.

Classic is the old Salesforce UI while Lightning is the new modern UI.

• Classic has a cluttered interface while Lightning has a cleaner and more intuitive interface.

• Lightning has more features and customization options than Classic.

• Lightning is optimized for mobile devices while Classic is not.

• Lightning has a more modern look and feel compared to Classic.

• Classic is being phased out by Salesforce in favor of Lightning.

• Examples of Classic include the old Opportunity and Account p...read more

Use SOQL query to count contact records related to account trigger

• Use a SOQL query to retrieve the count of contact records related to the account trigger

• Filter the contacts based on the account ID in the trigger context

• Aggregate the count of contact records using COUNT() function in SOQL

Best practices for triggers and test classes

• Keep triggers focused on a single concern

• Use helper classes to keep trigger logic clean

• Write test classes to cover all trigger scenarios

• Use @isTest annotation for test classes

• Avoid hardcoding values in test classes

Salesforce is a cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) platform that helps businesses manage their sales, customer service, marketing, and more.

• Cloud-based CRM platform

• Helps businesses manage sales, customer service, marketing, etc.

• Provides tools for automation, analytics, and collaboration

• Offers customizable solutions for different industries

• Examples: Sales Cloud, Service Cloud, Marketing Cloud

Apex is a strongly typed, object-oriented programming language used in Salesforce for creating custom business logic.

• Apex is similar to Java and C# in syntax and structure.

• It allows developers to add custom code to Salesforce applications.

• Developers can use Apex to create triggers, classes, and web services.

• Example: Writing a trigger in Apex to automatically update a field on a record when certain conditions are met.

Events in Aura are used to communicate between components in the Salesforce Lightning framework.

• Events are used to pass data or trigger actions between components.

• There are two types of events in Aura: component events and application events.

• Component events are used to communicate between components in the same hierarchy.

• Application events are used to communicate between components across the entire application.

• Events are handled using event handlers in the component markup.

LWC stands for Lightning Web Components, a modern UI framework for building web components on the Salesforce platform.

• LWC is a programming model for building Lightning components using modern web standards like JavaScript and HTML.

• It provides a lightweight and efficient way to create reusable components that can be easily integrated into Salesforce applications.

• LWC allows developers to build components that are secure, performant, and easy to maintain.

• Examples of LWC include ...read more

Wire is a reactive data binding approach in LWC, while imperative is an imperative data fetching approach.

• Wire is used to declaratively bind data to a component, automatically handling updates.

• Imperative is used to fetch data imperatively, giving more control over when and how data is fetched.

• Wire is recommended for most scenarios due to its simplicity and efficiency.

• Imperative is useful for cases where more control is needed, such as fetching data conditionally or in respons...read more

A trigger is a piece of code that automatically executes when a specified event occurs in a database.

• Triggers are used to enforce business rules, validate data, and maintain data integrity.

• They can be written in Apex programming language in Salesforce.

• Triggers can be executed before or after an event like insert, update, delete, etc.

• Example: A trigger can be used to update a related record when a new record is inserted.

Apex sharing controls access to records in Salesforce based on the organization-wide defaults and sharing rules.

• Apex sharing allows developers to programmatically share records with users or groups in Salesforce.

• It can be used to extend the sharing settings defined in the organization-wide defaults and sharing rules.

• Developers can use Apex sharing to grant access to specific records based on custom logic or criteria.

• Examples include sharing a record with a specific user based...read more

Lifecycle hooks in LWC are methods that allow developers to interact with the component lifecycle at specific points.

• Lifecycle hooks include connectedCallback, disconnectedCallback, renderedCallback, errorCallback, and others.

• connectedCallback is called when a component is inserted into the DOM.

• disconnectedCallback is called when a component is removed from the DOM.

• renderedCallback is called after the component's template has been rendered.

• errorCallback is called when an erro...read more

Aura is a component-based framework for building web apps on Salesforce platform, while LWC is a modern framework to build web components.

• Aura is based on JavaScript and has a larger codebase compared to LWC

• LWC uses modern web standards like ES6, Shadow DOM, and Custom Elements

• Aura components have a .cmp file extension, while LWC components have a .html file extension

• LWC provides better performance and is easier to debug compared to Aura

Batch is a process that divides a large job into smaller chunks for easier processing. Batch size is the number of records processed in each chunk.

• Batch is used to process large volumes of data in Salesforce.

• Batch size determines the number of records processed in each batch.

• Batch jobs can be scheduled to run at specific times or triggered manually.

• Batch jobs are useful for tasks like data cleansing, data migration, and complex calculations.

• Example: A batch job to update all ...read more