80+ Broadridge Financial Solutions Interview Questions and Answers

The different types of accounting include financial accounting, management accounting, tax accounting, and forensic accounting.

• Financial accounting focuses on recording and reporting financial transactions of a company.

• Management accounting involves providing financial information to help with decision-making and planning within an organization.

• Tax accounting deals with the preparation and filing of tax returns for individuals and businesses.

• Forensic accounting involves inves...read more

Min's angle from 5 to 5:40 is 120 degrees.

• The minute hand moves 360 degrees in 60 minutes.

• From 5 to 6, the minute hand moves 30 degrees per 5 minutes.

• From 5 to 5:40, the minute hand moves 30 degrees per 8 minutes.

• Therefore, the angle made by the minute hand is 30 degrees x 8 = 240 degrees.

• However, the angle between 5 and 5:40 is only 240 degrees - 120 degrees = 120 degrees.

Cash flows and fund flows statements are both financial statements that provide information about the movement of money in a company, but they differ in their focus and purpose.

• Cash flows statement focuses on the cash inflows and outflows of a company during a specific period, showing the sources and uses of cash.

• Fund flows statement focuses on the movement of funds within a company, including cash, investments, and other assets and liabilities.

• Cash flows statement provides i...read more

Investment banking deals with high-value transactions for corporations and governments, while retail banking serves individual customers with basic financial services.

• Investment banking involves underwriting securities, mergers and acquisitions, and other complex financial transactions

• Retail banking offers services such as savings accounts, loans, and credit cards to individual customers

• Investment banking serves corporations and governments, while retail banking serves indivi...read more

Security vulnerabilities include SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and insecure direct object references.

• SQL injection: attackers insert malicious SQL code into input fields to access or manipulate database

• Cross-site scripting: attackers inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users

• Insecure direct object references: attackers access unauthorized data by manipulating object references

Different types of pointers include null pointers, void pointers, function pointers, and array pointers.

• Null pointers: pointers that do not point to any memory location.

• Void pointers: pointers that can point to any data type.

• Function pointers: pointers that point to functions.

• Array pointers: pointers that point to the first element of an array.

Object oriented programming is a programming paradigm that uses objects to represent and manipulate data.

• It focuses on encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• Encapsulation hides the implementation details of an object from the outside world.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they were of the same class.

• Examples of object oriented programming languages includ...read more

Financial markets are platforms where buyers and sellers trade financial assets such as stocks, bonds, currencies, and commodities.

• Financial markets facilitate the flow of capital between investors and borrowers

• They provide a mechanism for price discovery and risk management

• Examples include stock exchanges, bond markets, foreign exchange markets, and commodity markets

Accounts receivable refers to the money owed to a company by its customers for goods or services provided on credit.

• Accounts receivable is an asset on the balance sheet of a company.

• It represents the amount of money that customers owe the company for goods or services that have been delivered but not yet paid for.

• Companies often have specific terms for when accounts receivable must be paid, such as net 30 or net 60.

• Accounts receivable can be converted into cash through the pr...read more

A reconciliation statement is a financial statement that compares two sets of records to ensure they are in agreement.

• Reconciliation statement is used to identify discrepancies between two sets of records.

• It helps in ensuring accuracy and integrity of financial data.

• It is commonly used in accounting and finance to reconcile bank statements, accounts receivable, and accounts payable.

• Reconciliation statements are prepared by comparing the balances of different accounts or recor...read more

Debenture is a type of debt instrument issued by a company, convertible debentures can be converted into equity shares, while non-convertible debentures cannot be converted.

• Debenture is a type of long-term debt instrument issued by a company to raise funds.

• Convertible debentures can be converted into equity shares of the issuing company at a later date.

• Non-convertible debentures cannot be converted into equity shares and offer fixed interest rates to investors.

• Debentures are ...read more

Preference shares are a type of shares that have fixed dividends and priority over equity shares in terms of payment. Equity shares represent ownership in a company.

• Preference shares have fixed dividends that must be paid before any dividends can be paid to equity shareholders.

• Preference shareholders have priority over equity shareholders in terms of payment during liquidation of the company.

• Equity shares represent ownership in a company and do not have fixed dividends.

• Equity...read more

A balance sheet includes assets, liabilities, and equity. A P&L a/c includes revenue, expenses, and net income/loss.

• Balance sheet line items: assets (cash, accounts receivable, inventory, property), liabilities (accounts payable, loans), equity (retained earnings, common stock)

• P&L a/c line items: revenue (sales, interest income), expenses (cost of goods sold, salaries, rent), net income/loss

• Balance sheet and P&L a/c are two important financial statements used to assess a comp...read more

Answering technical interview questions on linked lists and arrays.

• To swap two nodes in a linked list, we need to identify the nodes and swap their pointers.

• To swap two numbers in an array, we can use a temporary variable to store one of the numbers while swapping.

• To count the frequency of elements in an array, we can use a hash table or a dictionary to store the count of each element.

• Example: swapping nodes in a linked list - if we want to swap nodes A and B, we need to iden...read more

Program to find occurrences of each element and sort array in increasing order.

• Use a HashMap to store the count of each element in the array.

• Sort the array based on the occurrences of each element.

• Handle edge cases like empty array or null input.

Preference shares and equity shares are types of shares issued by a company to raise capital.

• Preference shares have fixed dividends and priority over equity shares in terms of payment.

• Equity shares represent ownership in the company and have voting rights.

• Preference shares are less risky compared to equity shares.

• Equity shares have the potential for higher returns but also higher risk.

• Example: Company A issues preference shares with a fixed dividend of 5% and equity shares wi...read more

Trading Account vs Demat Account

• A trading account is used to buy and sell securities in the stock market.

• A demat account is used to hold securities in electronic form.

• Trading account is used for active trading, while demat account is used for safekeeping of securities.

• Trading account requires a broker, while demat account requires a depository participant.

• Trading account allows buying and selling of shares, futures, options, etc., while demat account holds these securities in...read more

Iterate through array using pointers

• Declare a pointer variable to point to the first element of the array

• Use a loop to iterate through the array by incrementing the pointer

• Stop the loop when the pointer reaches the end of the array

Pointers are variables that store memory addresses of other variables. They allow direct manipulation of memory.

• Pointers are declared using the * symbol.

• They can be used to pass values by reference.

• Pointers can be used to dynamically allocate memory.

• Example: int *ptr; ptr = # *ptr = 10;

• Example: void swap(int *a, int *b) { int temp = *a; *a = *b; *b = temp; }

Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset or benchmark.

• Derivatives can be classified into four main types: futures contracts, forward contracts, options contracts, and swaps.

• Futures contracts are agreements to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price on a future date.

• Forward contracts are similar to futures contracts but are customized and traded over-the-counter.

• Options contracts give the holder the right, but not the obligati...read more

Abstraction in OOP is the process of hiding unnecessary details and exposing only essential features of an object.

• Abstraction focuses on what an object does rather than how it does it.

• It allows us to create abstract classes and interfaces that can be used as blueprints for creating objects.

• Abstraction helps in achieving modularity, reusability, and maintainability of code.

• Example: A car can be abstracted as a vehicle with properties like speed, fuel, and methods like start, s...read more

Financial markets are platforms where buyers and sellers trade financial assets.

• Primary market - new securities are issued

• Secondary market - existing securities are traded

• Money market - short-term debt securities

• Capital market - long-term debt and equity securities

• Derivatives market - financial contracts based on underlying assets

• Foreign exchange market - trading of currencies

• Commodity market - trading of physical goods

Financial instruments are assets that can be traded and have a monetary value.

• Equity represents ownership in a company and can be bought and sold as stocks.

• Derivatives are contracts that derive their value from an underlying asset, such as options and futures.

• Bonds are debt securities that represent a loan made by an investor to a borrower, such as a government or corporation.

• Preference shares are a type of stock that pays a fixed dividend and has priority over common stock i...read more

The Indian economy is currently facing challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdowns.

• The GDP contracted by 7.7% in the financial year 2020-21.

• Unemployment rates have increased due to job losses in various sectors.

• The government has announced various stimulus packages to revive the economy.

• The agriculture sector has shown resilience and growth during the pandemic.

• The manufacturing and service sectors have been hit hard.

• The vaccination drive is expected to...read more

Corporate actions are events initiated by a company that can affect its stock price and shareholders.

• Types of corporate actions include stock splits, dividends, mergers and acquisitions, spin-offs, and rights issues.

• Stock splits involve dividing existing shares into multiple shares to increase liquidity and affordability.

• Dividends are payments made to shareholders from a company's profits.

• Mergers and acquisitions involve the combination of two or more companies.

• Spin-offs occu...read more

Share market is a platform where buying and selling of company stocks and securities takes place.

• Share market allows companies to raise capital by selling shares to investors

• Investors can buy and sell shares to make profits

• Prices of shares fluctuate based on supply and demand

• Examples: New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), NASDAQ, Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)

Cash flow and fund flow are both financial statements that provide information about the movement of money in a business.

• Cash flow refers to the inflow and outflow of cash in a business over a specific period of time.

• Fund flow, on the other hand, focuses on the movement of funds within a business, including both cash and non-cash items.

• Cash flow statement shows the sources and uses of cash, while fund flow statement shows the changes in working capital.

• Cash flow statement hel...read more

Microservices are small, independent services that work together to form a larger application. Spring Boot is a framework that simplifies the creation of microservices.

• Microservices are designed to be modular and scalable

• Spring Boot provides a simple way to create microservices using annotations and auto-configuration

• A REST controller is a class that handles HTTP requests and returns responses in a RESTful way

• Lambda functions are anonymous functions that can be passed as argu...read more

Index in a database is a data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations.

• Indexes are used to quickly locate data without having to search every row in a database table.

• They are created on columns in a database table to speed up the query process.

• Examples of indexes include primary keys, unique keys, and composite keys.

Debt and equity are two main sources of financing for companies. Debt involves borrowing money that must be repaid with interest, while equity involves selling ownership stakes in the company.

• Debt is a form of financing where a company borrows money from lenders and agrees to repay the principal amount plus interest over a specified period of time.

• Equity is a form of financing where a company sells ownership stakes in the business to investors in exchange for capital. Investo...read more

Trade life cycle refers to the stages involved in a trade from initiation to settlement.

• The trade life cycle includes trade initiation, trade execution, trade confirmation, trade settlement, and trade accounting.

• Trade initiation involves the decision to buy or sell securities and the selection of a broker.

• Trade execution involves the actual buying or selling of securities.

• Trade confirmation involves verifying the details of the trade.

• Trade settlement involves the exchange of ...read more

Technical interview questions on SQL and database concepts.

• To update employee salary, use the UPDATE statement with SET clause and WHERE clause to specify the employee.

• A palindrome is a word or phrase that reads the same backward as forward. Write a function to check if a string is a palindrome.

• Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and dependency.

• Views are virtual tables that display data from one or more tables in a database.

• ACID ...read more

Code for prime and odd numbers

• For prime numbers, check if the number is divisible by any number less than itself

• For odd numbers, check if the number is not divisible by 2

• Use loops and conditional statements to implement the checks

• Consider edge cases such as negative numbers and 0

Partial view is a reusable view component in ASP.NET MVC which can be rendered within a view.

• Partial views can be used to break down complex views into smaller, manageable components.

• They can be rendered within other views using the @Html.Partial() method.

• Partial views are useful for reusing code and improving maintainability of MVC applications.

Hashing is a process of converting input data into a fixed-size string of bytes using a mathematical algorithm.

• Hashing is used to securely store passwords by converting them into a hash value.

• Hashing is used in data retrieval systems to quickly locate data based on its hash value.

• Common hashing algorithms include MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256.

There are several types of mutual funds, including equity funds, bond funds, money market funds, and balanced funds.

• Equity funds invest primarily in stocks

• Bond funds invest in fixed-income securities

• Money market funds invest in short-term, low-risk securities

• Balanced funds invest in a mix of stocks and bonds

Array input in UiPath RE Framework can be processed using arguments and data tables.

• Define an In argument in the Main workflow to pass the array as input.

• Use a data table to store the array values and pass it to the Process workflow.

• Loop through the data table in the Process workflow to access and process each array element.

Capital markets are financial markets where individuals and institutions trade financial securities.

• Capital markets facilitate the buying and selling of stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments.

• They provide a platform for companies and governments to raise capital by issuing securities.

• Investors can participate in capital markets to invest their money and earn returns.

• Capital markets include stock exchanges, bond markets, and derivatives markets.

• Examples of capital mark...read more

Derivatives are financial contracts that derive their value from an underlying asset. Corporate actions are events that affect a company's stock. Trade life cycle is the process of a trade from initiation to settlement.

• Derivatives are contracts between two parties that derive their value from an underlying asset, such as stocks, bonds, or commodities.

• Corporate actions are events that affect a company's stock, such as stock splits, mergers, and dividends.

• Trade life cycle is th...read more

A mutual fund is a type of investment vehicle consisting of a portfolio of stocks, bonds, or other securities, managed by a professional fund manager.

• Mutual funds pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio

• Investors buy shares of the mutual fund, which represent their ownership in the fund's holdings

• Professionally managed by fund managers who make investment decisions on behalf of the investors

• Offer diversification, liquidity, and professional mana...read more

Skills related to web development include HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and various frameworks and libraries.

• Proficiency in HTML and CSS for creating web pages and styling them

• Knowledge of JavaScript for adding interactivity and functionality to web pages

• Familiarity with various frameworks and libraries such as React, Angular, and jQuery

• Understanding of server-side languages like PHP and Python for building dynamic web applications

• Experience with version control systems like Git for...read more

Use string manipulation to capitalize the first letter of the first word in a string.

• Split the string into an array of words

• Get the first word from the array

• Capitalize the first letter of the word

• Join the words back into a string

Different types of accounting include financial accounting, management accounting, and cost accounting.

• Financial accounting focuses on recording and reporting financial transactions of a company.

• Management accounting provides information for internal decision-making and planning.

• Cost accounting analyzes and controls the costs of producing goods or services.

• Other types of accounting include tax accounting, forensic accounting, and auditing.

Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.

• Abstract class can have constructors, fields, and methods, while interface cannot have any implementation.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.

• Abstract classes are used to define a common base class for related classes, while interfaces are used to define a contract for classes to implement.

• Example: Abstract class 'Sh...read more

When a queue item is retried, its status changes to In Progress.

• Queue item status changes to In Progress when retried

• Retried queue items are processed again

• Retried queue items may have different processing outcomes

Expected CTC and percentage

• Expected CTC refers to the salary package that the candidate is looking for

• Percentage refers to the academic percentage achieved by the candidate

• The candidate can mention their expected CTC based on their experience and industry standards

• The academic percentage can showcase the candidate's academic performance and potential

The latest project consumed approximately 500 MB of data.

• The latest project consumed 500 MB of data.

• It is important to track data consumption for future optimization.

• Weaknesses can include lack of experience with certain tools or techniques.

• Weaknesses can also include difficulty in time management or communication.

The export option in UiPath Studio is used to package and share automation projects with others.

• Exporting a project allows you to create a package that can be shared with other users or deployed to different environments.

• Exported packages can include all project files, dependencies, and configurations needed to run the automation on another machine.

• Exporting can be done in various formats such as NuGet packages, zip files, or orchestrator packages.

• Exporting is useful for coll...read more

Interface is a contract with no implementation, while abstract class can have some implementation.

• Interface cannot have any implementation, only method signatures.

• Abstract class can have both abstract and concrete methods.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can inherit only one abstract class.

• Interfaces are used to achieve multiple inheritance in Java.

• Example: interface Shape { void draw(); } vs abstract class Animal { abstract void eat(); void breathe() { // concre...read more

Yes, I have knowledge on multiple programming languages.

• I am proficient in Java, Python, and C++

• I have experience with web development using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

• I am familiar with SQL and database management

• I have worked with various frameworks such as Spring and Django

Singleton class allows only one instance to be created, while static class cannot be instantiated and all members are static.

• Singleton class can have instance methods and properties, while static class can only have static members.

• Singleton class can be lazy loaded, while static class is eagerly loaded.

• Singleton class can be implemented using a static property or method to return the single instance, while static class cannot be instantiated.

• Example: Singleton class for datab...read more

To open multiple sessions in PostgreSQL, you can use multiple connections from different clients.

• Use different client applications to connect to the PostgreSQL database with different credentials

• Each client connection will create a separate session in PostgreSQL

• You can also use connection pooling to manage multiple sessions efficiently

Code to reverse a string

• Create an empty string variable to store the reversed string

• Loop through the original string from the end to the beginning

• Append each character to the empty string variable

• Return the reversed string

Types of assets include tangible and intangible assets, financial assets, and fixed and current assets.

• Tangible assets (e.g. buildings, machinery)

• Intangible assets (e.g. patents, trademarks)

• Financial assets (e.g. stocks, bonds)

• Fixed assets (e.g. land, equipment)

• Current assets (e.g. cash, inventory)

A derivative is a financial contract whose value is derived from the performance of an underlying asset, index, or interest rate.

• Types of derivatives include options, futures, forwards, and swaps.

• Options give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a specified price before or on a specified date.

• Futures are contracts to buy or sell an asset at a future date for a price agreed upon today.

• Forwards are similar to futures but are customized contra...read more

Code for Fibonacci series

• Declare two variables to store the first two numbers of the series

• Use a loop to generate the next numbers in the series by adding the previous two

• Print or store the generated numbers

An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and may contain abstract methods.

• Cannot be instantiated directly

• May contain abstract methods that must be implemented by subclasses

• Can have both abstract and non-abstract methods

• Used to define a common interface for subclasses

Resources are tools or assets used to achieve a goal, while styles refer to the way in which something is done or presented.

• Resources can include materials, equipment, personnel, or financial assets.

• Styles can encompass different approaches, methods, techniques, or aesthetics.

• For example, in software development, resources may include programming languages and libraries, while styles may refer to coding conventions and design patterns.

To regain a deleted branch in git, use the reflog and checkout commands.

• Use 'git reflog' to find the commit hash of the deleted branch

• Run 'git checkout -b ' to recreate the branch

Implemented process improvements resulting in 20% increase in efficiency

• Analyzed current processes and identified areas for improvement

• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to develop and implement new processes

• Trained employees on new processes and provided ongoing support

• Monitored and measured process performance to ensure effectiveness

• Implemented process automation to reduce manual tasks

• Example: Streamlined invoice processing by implementing an automated system

• Example: ...read more

The trading cycle refers to the process of buying and selling securities on the financial markets.

• It involves various steps such as order placement, execution, clearing, and settlement.

• Order placement: Investors place buy or sell orders through brokers or electronic trading platforms.

• Execution: The orders are matched with counterparty orders and executed at the prevailing market price.

• Clearing: The trade details are confirmed, and the obligations of the buyer and seller are d...read more

Corporate action refers to any event initiated by a publicly traded company that impacts its shareholders and can include stock splits, dividends, mergers, acquisitions, and more.

• Corporate actions are events initiated by publicly traded companies.

• They can include stock splits, dividends, mergers, acquisitions, spin-offs, rights issues, etc.

• These actions impact the shareholders and can affect the company's stock price and ownership structure.

• Examples of corporate actions inclu...read more

Waterfall and Agile are project management methodologies. Agile ceremonies are regular meetings in Agile methodology.

• Waterfall is a linear and sequential approach to project management.

• Agile is an iterative and flexible approach to project management.

• Agile ceremonies include daily stand-up meetings, sprint planning, sprint review, and retrospective meetings.

• Waterfall focuses on detailed upfront planning, while Agile allows for changes throughout the project.

• Examples: Waterfal...read more

Web automation is the process of automating tasks on the internet using software tools or scripts.

• Web automation involves using tools like Selenium or Puppeteer to interact with websites and perform tasks automatically.

• It can be used for tasks such as web scraping, form filling, testing, and data extraction.

• Web automation can save time and reduce human error in repetitive tasks.

• Examples include automating the process of logging into multiple websites, extracting data from web...read more

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization helps in minimizing data redundancy by dividing the database into multiple tables.

• It ensures data integrity by avoiding update anomalies.

• There are different normal forms like 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF to achieve database normalization.

• Example: In a database, instead of storing customer details in both 'orders' and 'customers' tables, we can normalize it by...read more

The command to list all hosts of Ansible inventory is 'ansible-inventory --list'.

• Use the 'ansible-inventory' command

• Add the '--list' option to list all hosts

• The command should be run from the command line

Use the xmltodict library in Python to flatten XML data structures.

• Install the xmltodict library using pip install xmltodict

• Use xmltodict.parse() to convert XML data to a Python dictionary

• Use json.dumps() to convert the dictionary to a JSON string for a flattened structure

RPA life cycle involves planning, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance of robotic process automation solutions.

• Planning phase involves identifying processes suitable for automation

• Development phase includes designing and building the automation solution

• Testing phase ensures the automation works as intended and meets requirements

• Deployment phase involves implementing the automation into production environment

• Maintenance phase includes monitoring, updating, and opt...read more

The testing framework used in the project is Selenium with TestNG for automated testing.

• Selenium is used for automating web applications testing

• TestNG is used for organizing test cases and generating reports

• Framework allows for easy maintenance and scalability

• Integration with CI/CD tools like Jenkins for continuous testing

Various technologies including Java, Python, SQL, AWS, Docker, etc.

• Java

• Python

• SQL

• AWS

• Docker

OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code.

• OOPs focuses on creating objects that interact with each other to solve complex problems

• Key principles include encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction

• Encapsulation allows data hiding and bundling of data with methods that operate on that data

• Inheritance enables a new class to inherit properties and behavior of an existing class

• Polymor...read more

A datawarehouse is a centralized repository that stores integrated and structured data from multiple sources for analysis and reporting.

• Datawarehouse stores historical data for analysis

• It is used for decision-making and business intelligence

• Data is extracted, transformed, and loaded (ETL) into the datawarehouse

• Examples: Amazon Redshift, Snowflake, Google BigQuery

AWS is a cloud computing platform that offers a wide range of services for storage, computing power, networking, and more.

• AWS provides services such as EC2 for virtual servers, S3 for storage, and RDS for databases

• Knowledge of AWS IAM for managing access control and security

• Understanding of AWS Lambda for serverless computing

• Experience with AWS CloudFormation for infrastructure as code

• Familiarity with AWS VPC for networking

Java multithreading is a feature that allows concurrent execution of multiple threads within a single process.

• Multithreading in Java allows multiple threads to run concurrently within a single process.

• Each thread has its own stack and executes independently, but shares the same memory space.

• Java provides built-in support for multithreading through the java.lang.Thread class and java.lang.Runnable interface.

• Multithreading is used to improve performance by utilizing multiple CP...read more

Principal is the initial amount of money borrowed or invested, while interest is the cost of borrowing money.

• Principal is the original sum of money borrowed or invested

• Interest is the additional amount paid for borrowing money

• Interest can be calculated as a percentage of the principal amount

• For example, if you borrow $1,000 at an interest rate of 5%, the principal is $1,000 and the interest is $50

Equity represents ownership in a company and is calculated as assets minus liabilities.

• Equity is the value of an asset after deducting any liabilities associated with that asset.

• It represents the ownership interest in a company.

• Equity can be in the form of common stock, preferred stock, or retained earnings.

• Investors use equity to assess the financial health and performance of a company.

• Equity can also refer to fairness and justice in various contexts.

Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset or group of assets.

• Derivatives can be used for hedging, speculation, or arbitrage.

• Common types of derivatives include options, futures, forwards, and swaps.

• Derivatives allow investors to take on leverage and potentially amplify returns.

• They are traded on exchanges or over-the-counter (OTC) markets.

• Derivatives are used in various industries including finance, agriculture, and energy.

Flattening JSON involves converting nested JSON structures into a flat key-value format.

• Use a programming language with built-in functions for flattening JSON, such as Python's json_normalize() function.

• Recursively iterate through the JSON structure to extract all nested key-value pairs.

• Map each nested key to a flat key by joining the parent keys with a separator, such as a dot.

• Handle arrays by creating separate keys for each element with an index, if needed.

Developed a predictive model to forecast sales based on historical data

• Collected and cleaned historical sales data

• Performed exploratory data analysis to identify trends and patterns

• Built and trained machine learning model using regression techniques

• Evaluated model performance using metrics like RMSE and MAE

Reverse a number by converting it to a string and then reversing the string

• Convert the number to a string

• Reverse the string

• Convert the reversed string back to a number

Trade life cycle is the process of a trade from initiation to settlement.

• Trade initiation - Trade is proposed and agreed upon by parties involved.

• Trade execution - Trade is executed on the exchange or over-the-counter market.

• Trade confirmation - Parties confirm the details of the trade.

• Trade settlement - Payment and transfer of securities occur to finalize the trade.

• Trade reconciliation - Ensuring all details match between parties' records.

Quick sort is a popular sorting algorithm that uses divide and conquer strategy to sort an array efficiently.

• Divide the array into two subarrays based on a pivot element

• Recursively sort the subarrays

• Combine the sorted subarrays to get the final sorted array

Use Python's built-in len() function to count characters in a string.

• Use len() function to get the length of the string.

• Consider spaces and special characters in the count.

• Example: s = 'Hello World', char_count = len(s) = 11.

Exception hierarchy is a way to organize and categorize different types of exceptions in a software system.

• Exceptions are organized in a tree-like structure with a base class at the top and more specific exception classes below.

• Base class usually is 'Exception' or 'Throwable', with more specific classes like 'IOException', 'NullPointerException', etc.

• Subclasses can provide more specific information about the cause of the exception and how to handle it.

• Handling exceptions base...read more

Short cut keys are keyboard shortcuts that allow users to quickly perform actions in various tools.

• Ctrl + C: Copy

• Ctrl + V: Paste

• Ctrl + X: Cut

• Ctrl + Z: Undo

• Ctrl + S: Save

• Ctrl + P: Print