BetterPlace Safety Solutions Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

C and Golang related questions, 2 Hours assement, The test involved writing code by hand in paper in the office (Bengaluru)

Q1. Write a go code to remove duplicate elements from a slice.
Ans. 
Go code to remove duplicate elements from a slice of strings
• Use a map to keep track of unique elements

• Iterate over the slice and add elements to the map

• Create a new slice with unique elements from the map
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Q2. Difference between array and slice in Go.
Ans. 
Arrays have fixed length, slices are dynamic and can grow/shrink. Slices are references to arrays.
• Arrays have fixed length, specified at compile time.

• Slices are dynamic, can grow or shrink at runtime.

• Slices are references to arrays, allowing for more flexibility.

• Example: var arr [3]string // array with fixed length of 3

• Example: slice := make([]string, 0) // slice with dynamic length
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Q3. Explain struct and interface
Ans. 
Struct is a user-defined data type that groups related data fields together. Interface defines a set of methods that a type must implement.
• Struct is used to create complex data structures by grouping related data fields together.

• Interface defines a set of methods that a type must implement. It allows for polymorphism in Go.

• Example: type Person struct { Name string; Age int }

• Example: type Shape interface { Area() float6...read more
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Q4. What is containerization.
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Q5. Write a go code to implement struct.
Ans. 
Implementing a struct in Go code
• Define a struct using the 'type' keyword

• Add fields to the struct with their respective data types

• Access struct fields using dot notation
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Q6. Explain goroutine.
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Q7. How do you achieve concurrency in Go?
Ans. 
Concurrency in Go is achieved using goroutines and channels.
• Use goroutines to run functions concurrently

• Communicate between goroutines using channels

• Avoid using shared memory for synchronization
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Q8. What is channel in Go? What are the differences between buffered and unbuffered channel?
Ans. 
A channel in Go is a communication mechanism that allows goroutines to communicate with each other.
• Buffered channels have a specific capacity and can send multiple values without the need for a corresponding receive operation immediately.

• Unbuffered channels have no capacity and require both a send and receive operation to be ready at the same time for communication to occur.
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Q9. What is scaling? Horizontal and vertical scaling.
Ans. 
Scaling refers to the ability of a system to handle increasing amounts of work or its potential to accommodate growth.
• Horizontal scaling involves adding more machines to distribute the load, while vertical scaling involves increasing the resources of a single machine.

• Horizontal scaling is more cost-effective and provides better fault tolerance, but can be more complex to implement.

• Vertical scaling is simpler to impleme...read more
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Q1. Question on linkedlist, remove duplicates
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Q2. House robber 2,3
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Had the coding round and we have to solve the find nth largest element.

Q1. Java 8 concepts and oops concepts
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Q1. What are the various mechanisms, apart from synchronized locks, to restrict multiple threads from making modifications in Java?
Ans. 
Java provides several mechanisms beyond synchronized locks to manage thread safety and restrict concurrent modifications.
• 1. ReentrantLock: A more flexible locking mechanism that allows for timed and interruptible locks. Example: ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

• 2. ReadWriteLock: Allows multiple threads to read but only one to write, improving performance for read-heavy scenarios. Example: ReadWriteLock rwLock =...read more
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Q2. What are the methods for implementing Interprocess Communication in a Microservice Architecture?
Ans. 
Interprocess Communication in microservices can be achieved through various methods like REST, messaging queues, and gRPC.
• RESTful APIs: Services communicate over HTTP using JSON or XML. Example: A user service fetching data from an order service.

• Message Queues: Asynchronous communication using tools like RabbitMQ or Kafka. Example: Order service sending messages to a payment service.

• gRPC: High-performance RPC framework...read more
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Q3. How can multiple requests to modify specific rows be restricted using the DataJPA interface in Spring Data JPA?
Ans. 
Use optimistic locking and transaction management to restrict concurrent modifications in Spring Data JPA.
• Implement optimistic locking using @Version annotation in your entity class.

• Use @Transactional annotation to manage transactions effectively.

• Handle OptimisticLockingFailureException to manage conflicts gracefully.

• Consider using pessimistic locking with EntityManager for critical sections.
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Q4. What are the different types of JVM memory and their uses?
Ans. 
JVM memory is divided into several areas, each serving specific purposes for efficient memory management in Java applications.
• Heap Memory: Used for dynamic memory allocation for Java objects. Example: Objects created using 'new'.

• Stack Memory: Stores method call frames, local variables, and references. Example: Primitive data types and object references.

• Method Area: Contains class-level data such as class structures, me...read more
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Q5. What is the purpose of the String Constant Pool in Java?
Ans. 
The String Constant Pool optimizes memory usage by storing unique string literals in Java.
• Strings are immutable in Java, meaning once created, they cannot be changed.

• The String Constant Pool is a special memory area in the Java heap.

• When a string literal is created, Java checks the pool first to see if it already exists.

• If it exists, the reference to the existing string is returned; if not, a new string is created.

• Exam...read more
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Q1. Why youre looking for this position
Ans. 
I'm excited about this position to leverage my skills in software development and contribute to innovative projects in a dynamic team.
• I admire the company's commitment to cutting-edge technology, like their recent advancements in AI and machine learning.

• I am eager to work in a collaborative environment where I can learn from experienced engineers and share my knowledge.

• This role aligns perfectly with my career goals, a...read more
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Q2. What was the biggest challange you came across and how you dealt with it
Ans. 
Faced a critical deadline with a complex project; implemented agile practices to enhance team collaboration and deliver on time.
• Identified the challenge: A major project was falling behind schedule due to unclear requirements and team miscommunication.

• Implemented daily stand-ups to improve communication and ensure everyone was aligned on tasks and priorities.

• Utilized agile methodologies, breaking the project into small...read more
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Basic concept with an example.

Q1. Algorithm and design
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Leetcode practice should be sufficient to tackle this round.

Q1. Trapping Rain Water problem.
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3 questions, medium hard

Q1. Greedy Algorithm, simple jumps question, easily approachable by greedy algorithm
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Q2. Binary Search, simple array based
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Q1. DBMS, Projects, SQL Queries
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Q2. 2 coding questions
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