Arora Iron & Steel Rolling Mills Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is TTT DIAGRAM and its use
Ans. 
TTT diagram is a Time-Temperature-Transformation diagram used in materials science to understand the transformation of phases in a material.
• TTT diagram shows the relationship between temperature, time, and phases in a material during cooling or heating.

• It helps in predicting the microstructure and properties of a material based on its cooling rate.

• TTT diagrams are commonly used in heat treatment processes for metals li...read more
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Q2. What is difference between ceramic and steel
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Ceramic is a non-metallic material made from clay, while steel is a metallic material primarily made from iron and carbon.
• Ceramic is non-metallic, while steel is metallic

• Ceramic is made from clay, while steel is primarily made from iron and carbon

• Ceramic is typically more brittle than steel

• Steel is stronger and more durable than ceramic

• Ceramic is often used for decorative purposes or in high-temperature applications, w...read more
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Q3. What is fatigue and what is creep in materials
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Fatigue is the weakening of a material due to repeated loading, while creep is the gradual deformation of a material under constant stress.
• Fatigue is the process of progressive and localized structural damage that occurs when a material is subjected to cyclic loading.

• Creep is the time-dependent deformation of a material under constant load or stress.

• Fatigue failure is often characterized by crack initiation and propaga...read more
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Q4. What are the different types of Steel making
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Different types of steel making include basic oxygen furnace, electric arc furnace, and open hearth furnace.
• Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) - uses oxygen to reduce the carbon content in the steel

• Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) - uses electricity to melt scrap steel and produce new steel

• Open Hearth Furnace - uses a fuel-air mixture to heat the steel and remove impurities

• Other methods include Bessemer process, direct reduced iron,
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Q5. Why do we use alloying elements during Steel making and what are their applications
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Alloying elements are used in steel making to improve properties like strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, and machinability.
• Alloying elements are added to steel to enhance specific properties such as strength, hardness, toughness, and corrosion resistance.

• Common alloying elements include chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, and vanadium.

• Chromium is added to improve corrosion resistance, nickel for toughness, ...read more
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Q6. What is SN curve ?
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SN curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between stress and fatigue life of a material.
• SN curve shows the number of cycles to failure (N) against the applied stress (S).

• It helps in determining the fatigue life of a material under different stress levels.

• Materials with higher fatigue strength have a steeper slope on the SN curve.

• SN curves are commonly used in engineering to predict the durability of ma
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Q7. What is the composition of pigiron
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Pig iron is an intermediate product of the iron industry, made by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace.
• Pig iron is typically around 92-94% iron, with varying amounts of carbon, silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus.

• It is brittle and not suitable for use in its raw form, but can be further processed into wrought iron or steel.

• The carbon content of pig iron gives it a high carbon equivalent, making it ideal for cast...read more
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Q8. What is lever rule?
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Lever rule is a principle used in material science to determine the relative amounts of two phases in a two-phase system.
• Lever rule is used to calculate the fraction of each phase in a two-phase system based on the weight or volume percentages of the phases.

• It is commonly used in metallurgy, ceramics, and other material science fields.

• The lever rule equation is: L = (C - A) / (B - A), where L is the fraction of one pha...read more
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Q1. Electrical related. Question will
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Q2. Already 5 year experience in Electrical field
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Q3. Get electrical project ideas for in house improvements
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Some electrical project ideas for in house improvements include installing smart home technology, upgrading lighting fixtures, and adding solar panels.
• Install smart home technology for energy efficiency and convenience

• Upgrade lighting fixtures to improve aesthetics and energy efficiency

• Add solar panels to reduce electricity costs and environmental impact
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Q4. Project planning: Develop the project plan and construction schedule
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Q1. What is the process of Performance Management Systems (PMS)?
Ans. 
Performance Management Systems (PMS) is a process that involves setting goals, monitoring progress, providing feedback, and evaluating performance.
• Set clear and specific goals for employees to achieve.

• Regularly monitor progress towards these goals.

• Provide feedback to employees on their performance.

• Evaluate performance based on predetermined criteria.

• Use performance data to make decisions about promotions, bonuses, and
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Q2. What are the employee engagement initiatives at Grasim?
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Grasim focuses on employee engagement through various initiatives such as wellness programs, recognition awards, and career development opportunities.
• Wellness programs to promote physical and mental well-being

• Recognition awards to acknowledge and appreciate employees' hard work

• Career development opportunities such as training programs and mentorship

• Employee feedback mechanisms to ensure continuous improvement
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Q1. What are the mode of heat transfer ?
Ans. 
Modes of heat transfer include conduction, convection, and radiation.
• Conduction: Heat transfer through direct contact between particles. Example: Touching a hot pan.

• Convection: Heat transfer through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). Example: Boiling water.

• Radiation: Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. Example: Feeling the warmth of the sun.
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Q2. What is addendum Circle?
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An addendum circle is a circle that is tangent to two other circles and intersects them at their points of tangency.
• Addendum circle is commonly used in gear design to determine the correct size of gears.

• It is tangent to two other circles, known as the base circles, and intersects them at their points of tangency.

• The addendum circle is larger in diameter than the base circles, allowing for the teeth of the gears to mesh
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Q3. Explain Rankin cycle
Ans. 
Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle used in steam power plants to generate electricity.
• Rankine cycle involves four processes: compression, heating, expansion, and cooling.

• Steam is compressed in a pump, heated in a boiler to high temperature and pressure, expanded in a turbine, and then cooled in a condenser.

• The cycle is used in steam power plants to convert thermal energy into mechanical work, which is then used to
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