100+ Test Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

The interview questions cover OOPS concepts, types of waits, locator types, and string manipulation programs.

• OOPS concepts include inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction.

• Different types of waits in testing include implicit, explicit, and fluent waits.

• Locator types in Selenium testing include ID, Name, XPath, CSS Selector, etc.

• String manipulation programs involve tasks like reversing a string, finding substring, etc.

Regression testing is the process of retesting modified software to ensure that the existing functionalities are not affected.

• Regression testing is performed after making changes to the software to ensure that the modifications have not introduced new defects or caused any existing functionalities to fail.

• It involves re-executing previously executed test cases to verify that the system still behaves as expected.

• Regression testing helps in identifying and fixing any unintended...read more

ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load. IICS is an integration tool with features like data integration, application integration, and API management.

• ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load, which is the process of extracting data from various sources, transforming it into a usable format, and loading it into a target database or data warehouse.

• IICS (Informatica Intelligent Cloud Services) is a cloud-based integration tool that offers features like data integration, applicati...read more

We are currently using Tosca version 13.3.2.

• Our team has been using this version for the past year.

• It has proven to be stable and reliable for our testing needs.

• Some of the new features we have been utilizing include the improved reporting capabilities and the enhanced test case design.

• We have also found the integration with JIRA to be seamless and efficient.

• Overall, we are very satisfied with our experience using Tosca version 13.3.2.

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software.

• Phases of SDLC include planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

• Each phase has its own set of activities and deliverables to ensure the successful completion of the software project.

• For example, in the planning phase, project scope and objectives are defined, while in the testing phase, the software ...read more

Development life cycle is the process of creating, testing, and deploying software.

• It includes planning, designing, coding, testing, and deployment.

• It ensures that software is developed efficiently and meets the requirements.

• Examples include Waterfall, Agile, and DevOps methodologies.

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software.

• SDLC consists of several phases including planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

• Each phase has its own set of activities and deliverables that contribute to the overall success of the project.

• For example, in the planning phase, project scope and objectives are defined, while in the testing phase, ...read more

Selenium syntax for Explicit wait

• Use WebDriverWait class in Selenium

• Specify the maximum amount of time to wait

• Specify the frequency with which to check the condition

Implemented Opps concept in framework for efficient test automation

• Used Object-Oriented Programming principles to create reusable test components

• Utilized Page Object Model design pattern to separate test logic from page elements

• Implemented Inheritance and Polymorphism for code reusability and maintainability

Smoke testing is a quick and shallow test to check if the application is stable enough for further testing. Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing to check if the bugs have been fixed and new features have been added without breaking the existing functionality.

• Smoke testing is done to check if the critical functionalities of the application are working fine after a new build or release.

• Sanity testing is done to check if the bugs reported in the previous build have b...read more

I have experience using tools like Selenium, JIRA, and HP Quality Center for test automation and management.

• Selenium for automated testing of web applications

• JIRA for test case management and issue tracking

• HP Quality Center for test planning and execution

Defect management is typically the responsibility of the Test Analyst.

• Test Analysts are responsible for identifying, reporting, tracking, and retesting defects found during testing.

• They work closely with developers, project managers, and other stakeholders to ensure defects are properly managed and resolved.

• Test Analysts use defect tracking tools like Jira, Bugzilla, or HP ALM to manage defects efficiently.

• They prioritize defects based on severity and impact on the system fun...read more

System testing is done by testers to ensure the system meets requirements, while UAT is done by end users to validate the system's functionality.

• System testing is performed by testers to identify defects and ensure the system meets specified requirements.

• UAT (User Acceptance Testing) is conducted by end users to validate the system's functionality and ensure it meets business needs.

• System testing focuses on technical aspects like performance, security, and functionality, whil...read more

Selenium WebDriver is a popular open-source tool used for automating web browsers.

• It supports multiple programming languages like Java, Python, C#, etc.

• It allows users to interact with web elements and perform actions like clicking, typing, etc.

• It can handle complex web applications and supports parallel test execution.

• It integrates with various testing frameworks like TestNG, JUnit, etc.

• Example: driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("testuser");

TestNG is a testing framework that uses annotations to control the test execution flow.

• TestNG annotations are used to define the flow of test cases such as @Test, @BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass, @BeforeMethod, @AfterMethod.

• Annotations like @Test are used to mark a method as a test method.

• Annotations like @BeforeMethod and @AfterMethod are used to run setup and teardown methods before and after each test method.

• Annotations like @B...read more

Program to find duplicate elements from array of strings

• Iterate through the array and store elements in a HashMap with element as key and count as value

• Check if count of any element is greater than 1, then it is a duplicate

Database stores data for applications, data warehouse stores data for analysis.

• Database is used for transactional processing, data warehouse is used for analytical processing.

• Database stores current data, data warehouse stores historical data.

• Database is optimized for read and write operations, data warehouse is optimized for read operations.

• Examples of databases include MySQL, Oracle, and SQL Server. Examples of data warehouses include Amazon Redshift and Google BigQuery.

Testing Life cycle is a process of testing a software product from planning to final delivery and maintenance.

• It includes planning, designing, executing, and reporting.

• It starts with requirement analysis and ends with maintenance.

• It ensures that the software product meets the quality standards and customer requirements.

• It involves different types of testing such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

• It helps to identify defects and issue...read more

Different types of wait in Selenium

• Implicit Wait

• Explicit Wait

• Fluent Wait

• Thread.sleep()

• WebDriverWait

Cast function is used to change the datatype of a value or expression in SQL.

• Syntax: CAST(expression AS datatype)

• Example: CAST('123' AS INT) will convert the string '123' to integer datatype

• Supported datatypes: INT, FLOAT, DECIMAL, CHAR, VARCHAR, DATE, TIME, etc.

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. It allows objects of different classes to be treated as the same type.

• Polymorphism is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming.

• It enables code reusability and flexibility.

• Polymorphism can be achieved through method overriding and method overloading.

• Example: A parent class Animal can have multiple child classes like Dog, Cat, and Bird. They can all be treated as Animal objects.

• Example: A method can acc...read more

Pyramid program in C language

• Use nested loops to print the pyramid pattern

• The number of rows in the pyramid can be taken as input from the user

• Example: for a pyramid with 5 rows, the pattern would be: * *** ***** ******* *********

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Types of normalization include 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, and 4NF.

• Example: 1NF ensures each column contains atomic values, 2NF eliminates partial dependencies, 3NF removes transitive dependencies, BCNF eliminates non-trivial functional dependencies, and 4NF deals with multi-valued dependencies.

Program to find duplicate characters in string

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Use a hashmap to store the count of each character

• Identify characters with count greater than 1 as duplicates

Timeout in Selenium is the maximum amount of time the WebDriver will wait for a certain condition to be met before throwing an exception.

• Timeouts can be set for different actions in Selenium, such as page load timeout, script timeout, and implicit wait timeout.

• Page load timeout is the maximum time the WebDriver will wait for a page to load completely.

• Script timeout is the maximum time the WebDriver will wait for an asynchronous script to finish execution.

• Implicit wait timeout...read more

Program to reverse a string using array of characters

• Create a character array from the input string

• Use two pointers to swap characters from start and end of the array

• Repeat until the pointers meet in the middle

Selenium framework is a test automation tool that uses different keywords to interact with web elements.

• Selenium framework allows testers to write automated tests using various keywords like 'click', 'sendKeys', 'getText', etc.

• These keywords are used to perform actions on web elements such as buttons, input fields, and links.

• By using these keywords, testers can create robust and maintainable test scripts for web applications.

• Example: driver.findElement(By.id("username")).send...read more

Black box testing is a software testing method where the internal structure, design, and implementation of the system being tested are not known to the tester.

• Focuses on testing the functionality of the software without knowledge of its internal code

• Tests are based on the software requirements and specifications

• Testers are like end-users interacting with the software

• Common techniques include equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application to ensure it meets specified requirements and functions correctly.

• Software testing involves executing software with the intent of finding defects or verifying that it works as expected.

• It helps identify errors, gaps, or missing requirements in contrast to the actual requirements.

• Types of software testing include functional testing, non-functional testing, manual testing, automated testing, etc.

• Examples of so...read more

An Ajax class in Java is used to make asynchronous HTTP requests from a web page.

• Ajax stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML

• It allows web pages to send and receive data from a server without reloading the entire page

• In Java, Ajax classes are typically used in conjunction with libraries like jQuery or XMLHttpRequest

Different kinds of waits in Selenium include Implicit Wait, Explicit Wait, and Fluent Wait.

• Implicit Wait: Waits for a certain amount of time before throwing a NoSuchElementException.

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code.

• Fluent Wait: Waits for a condition to occur with a defined maximum amount of time to wait before throwing an exception.

Software testing life cycle is a process of testing software from planning to deployment.

• Requirement analysis

• Test planning

• Test case development

• Test environment setup

• Test execution

• Defect tracking and reporting

• Test closure

• Regression testing

• Examples: Waterfall, Agile, DevOps

Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its component(s) with the intent to find whether it satisfies the specified requirements or not.

• Testing is done to identify defects or errors in the system

• It involves executing a system or component with test cases

• Testing can be done manually or through automation

• Types of testing include functional, performance, security, and usability testing

• Testing is an iterative process that continues throughout the software development lif...read more

Java 8 introduced new features like lambda expressions, streams, and functional interfaces to improve code readability and performance.

• Lambda expressions allow for more concise code and easier parallel processing.

• Streams provide a way to work with collections in a functional style, enabling easier manipulation and processing of data.

• Functional interfaces enable the use of lambda expressions to represent single abstract method interfaces.

• Java 8 also introduced the Optional cla...read more

Agile Methodology is a project management approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and incremental development.

• Agile focuses on delivering small, working increments of a project rather than waiting until the entire project is complete.

• It involves close collaboration between cross-functional teams, frequent communication, and adaptability to changes.

• Key principles of Agile include customer collaboration, responding to change, and delivering working software.

• Popular...read more

Smoke test is a quick test to check if the basic functionalities of the application are working, while Sanity test is a focused test to check specific areas of the application after changes.

• Smoke test is a high-level test to check if the critical functionalities of the application are working properly.

• Sanity test is a narrow and deep test to check specific areas of the application after changes.

• Smoke test is usually performed before detailed testing, while Sanity test is perf...read more

Day-to-day tasks involve analyzing test cases, executing tests, reporting bugs, and collaborating with team members.

• Analyze test cases to ensure they cover all requirements

• Execute tests to identify bugs and issues

• Report bugs in a detailed manner for developers to fix

• Collaborate with team members to discuss test results and improvements

A framework is a set of guidelines, tools, and best practices used to develop and test software applications.

• Framework provides a structure for organizing code and resources

• It helps in standardizing the development process

• Frameworks can be specific to a programming language or technology, such as Selenium for automated testing in Java

POM stands for Page Object Model, a design pattern used in test automation to create reusable and maintainable test scripts.

• POM separates the test scripts from the page objects, making the code more organized and easier to maintain.

• Each page in the application has its own corresponding page object class, which contains the locators and methods to interact with that page.

• By using POM, changes to the UI can be easily managed by updating the page object classes without impacting...read more

StringBuilder is a class in Java that allows for efficient manipulation of strings.

• StringBuilder is mutable, meaning that it can be modified without creating a new object.

• It is more efficient than concatenating strings using the '+' operator.

• StringBuilder methods include append(), insert(), delete(), and replace().

To switch to an iframe, use the switchTo() method of WebDriver.

• Use driver.switchTo().frame() method to switch to the iframe.

• Pass the iframe element or iframe index as an argument to the method.

• Use driver.switchTo().defaultContent() method to switch back to the main content.

Manual testing is done by humans to ensure software functionality, while automation testing uses tools to execute test cases.

• Manual testing involves testers executing test cases manually without the use of automation tools

• Automation testing involves using tools to execute test cases, often faster and more efficiently than manual testing

• Manual testing is better suited for exploratory testing and ad-hoc testing, while automation testing is ideal for repetitive tasks and regress...read more

Validation is the process of checking if a product or system meets the specified requirements and standards.

• Validation ensures that the product or system is fit for its intended purpose.

• It involves testing and verifying that the product or system meets the user's needs and expectations.

• Validation is done after verification and before the final release of the product or system.

• Examples of validation include user acceptance testing, system testing, and performance testing.

Correlation is a statistical measure that shows the relationship between two variables.

• Correlation measures the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables.

• It ranges from -1 to 1, where -1 indicates a perfect negative correlation, 0 indicates no correlation, and 1 indicates a perfect positive correlation.

• Correlation does not imply causation.

• Examples of correlated variables include age and income, height and weight, and education level and job performance.

Work flow explanation is the process of describing the steps involved in completing a task or project.

• Work flow explanation involves breaking down a task or project into smaller steps

• Each step is described in detail, including who is responsible for completing it and when it should be done

• Work flow explanation helps to ensure that tasks are completed efficiently and effectively

• Examples of work flow explanation include project management software, flowcharts, and written proce...read more

STLC is a process followed by testers to ensure high quality software by planning, designing, executing, and reporting on tests.

• STLC involves planning, designing, executing, and reporting on tests.

• It includes phases like requirement analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

• Each phase has specific activities and deliverables to ensure thorough testing of the software.

• STLC helps in identifying defects early in the development cycle, reducing costs ...read more

My framework is a robust automation framework designed to efficiently test software applications.

• My framework is built using Selenium for web application testing.

• It includes reusable functions and libraries to streamline test case development.

• I have incorporated data-driven testing to easily test multiple test scenarios.

• The framework also integrates with CI/CD tools like Jenkins for continuous testing.

• I have implemented reporting features to track test results and identify is...read more