100+ QA Lead Interview Questions and Answers

Questions related to Bid bond, Advance payment, Performance guarantee, SWIFT messages, and LC vs Guarantee.

• Bid bond guarantee is a type of guarantee that ensures the bidder will accept the contract if awarded.

• Advance payment guarantee is a type of guarantee that ensures the supplier will return the advance payment if they fail to deliver the goods or services.

• Performance guarantee is a type of guarantee that ensures the supplier will perform the contract as per the terms and ...read more

Interface in OOPS is used to achieve abstraction and multiple inheritance. It allows for run time polymorphism by implementing methods in different classes.

• Interface in OOPS is a blueprint of a class that includes abstract methods without any implementation.

• Interfaces are used to achieve abstraction, multiple inheritance, and loose coupling in code.

• To implement run time polymorphism using interfaces, create multiple classes that implement the same interface and override its m...read more

I use both Saucelab and Browserstack for different purposes. Saucelab for automated testing and Browserstack for manual testing.

• I use Saucelab for automated testing as it provides a cloud-based platform for running tests on multiple browsers and devices.

• I use Browserstack for manual testing as it allows me to interact with the application in real-time on various browsers and devices.

• Saucelab is great for continuous integration and regression testing, while Browserstack is use...read more

I follow a structured approach by prioritizing tasks, setting clear goals, collaborating with team members, and regularly tracking progress.

• Prioritize testing tasks based on criticality and impact on the sprint goals

• Set clear goals and expectations for each testing task

• Collaborate with team members to ensure alignment and support in completing tasks

• Regularly track progress and adjust priorities as needed to meet sprint deadlines

findElement is used to find a single element on a web page, while findElements is used to find multiple elements.

• findElement returns a single WebElement, while findElements returns a list of WebElements.

• findElement will throw NoSuchElementException if the element is not found, while findElements will return an empty list if no elements are found.

• Example: WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("exampleId")); List elements = driver.findElements(By.className("exampleClass...read more

To ensure test cases are good to go, I review them for clarity, completeness, relevance, and accuracy.

• Review test cases for clarity to ensure they are easy to understand

• Ensure test cases are complete and cover all aspects of the feature

• Verify that test cases are relevant to the requirements and user stories

• Check the accuracy of test cases by executing them and comparing results with expected outcomes

Test case design techniques include boundary value analysis, equivalence partitioning, decision tables, state transition testing, and exploratory testing.

• Boundary Value Analysis: Testing at the boundaries of input ranges to ensure system stability (e.g. testing a login form with minimum and maximum character limits).

• Equivalence Partitioning: Dividing input data into classes to reduce the number of test cases needed (e.g. testing a calculator with positive and negative numbers...read more

I would check for browser compatibility issues, clear cache and cookies, and update browser settings.

• Check for browser compatibility issues with the website

• Clear cache and cookies in the browser

• Update browser settings or try using a different browser

• Check for any browser extensions or plugins causing the issue

The testing hours required would depend on various factors such as complexity of the development, testing approach, resources available, etc.

• The ratio of testing to development hours can vary based on project requirements

• Factors like automation testing, manual testing, regression testing, etc. will impact the testing hours needed

• For example, if automation testing is used, it may reduce the overall testing time compared to manual testing

Possible reasons for webpage not working on Google Chrome

• Outdated browser version

• Issues with browser extensions

• JavaScript errors

• Network connectivity problems

• Incompatible website code

• Cache or cookies causing conflicts

I want to join Dentsu because of its reputation in the industry and the opportunity to work on challenging projects. Learning Python takes time and dedication.

• I am attracted to Dentsu's strong reputation in the industry for innovation and creativity.

• I believe that joining Dentsu will provide me with the opportunity to work on challenging and exciting projects.

• Learning Python, or any programming language, requires time and dedication to fully grasp and apply effectively.

Types of waits in Selenium include Implicit Wait, Explicit Wait, and Fluent Wait.

• Implicit Wait: Waits for a certain amount of time before throwing a NoSuchElementException.

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a certain condition to be met before proceeding further in the code.

• Fluent Wait: Waits for a condition to be met with a defined polling frequency.

• Example: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

I have experience in creating automated test scripts using Selenium WebDriver and integrating them with Jenkins for continuous integration.

• Used Selenium WebDriver to automate web application testing

• Integrated automated tests with Jenkins for continuous integration

• Utilized TestNG framework for test execution and reporting

To check static UI appearance, I would perform visual testing using tools like Applitools or Selenium.

• Use visual testing tools to compare screenshots of the UI before and after changes

• Check for consistency in font, color, layout, and alignment

• Ensure that all UI elements are visible and not overlapping

• Verify that the UI is responsive and looks good on different screen sizes

• Perform manual checks to ensure that the UI meets design specifications

Automation can enhance test coverage by executing tests more frequently and consistently.

• Automation can run tests on multiple configurations and environments, increasing coverage.

• Automated tests can be easily repeated, ensuring all functionalities are tested thoroughly.

• Automation can cover edge cases and boundary conditions that may be missed in manual testing.

• Automated tests can be integrated into the CI/CD pipeline for continuous testing.

• Automation can help in testing compl...read more

Testing standards are guidelines and best practices for testing processes. Test planning involves defining objectives, scope, resources, and timelines for testing.

• Adhering to industry standards such as IEEE 829 or ISTQB guidelines

• Defining test objectives, scope, resources, and timelines

• Creating test plans that outline test strategies, test cases, and test data

• Incorporating risk-based testing approach to prioritize testing efforts

• Ensuring traceability between requirements, tes...read more

Yes, I have experience in Mobile app testing, UI Testing, Jmeter, and API testing.

• I have experience in testing mobile applications on both iOS and Android platforms.

• I have conducted UI testing to ensure the user interface is intuitive and user-friendly.

• I have used Jmeter for performance testing to analyze the application's response time under different load conditions.

• I have tested APIs to ensure they are functioning correctly and returning the expected results.

Reverse the words in a string without using built-in functions.

• Split the string into an array of words using a space as the delimiter.

• Create a new array and iterate over the words array in reverse order, adding each word to the new array.

• Join the new array of words back into a single string with spaces between each word.

702 is represented by ZZ in the given pattern.

• The pattern seems to be assigning numbers to alphabets based on their position in the English alphabet.

• The first letter represents the position in the alphabet and the second letter represents the position multiplied by 26.

• Therefore, ZZ represents 26*26 + 26 = 702.

Oops concepts are fundamental principles of object-oriented programming. getWindowHandle() returns the handle of the current window, while getWindowHandles() returns the handles of all open windows.

• Oops concepts include inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction.

• Inheritance: Reusing code from a parent class in a child class.

• Polymorphism: Objects of different classes can be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that o...read more

The given input string needs to be decoded to produce the output string.

• The input string contains nested encoding of characters.

• The number preceding the square brackets indicates the number of times the characters inside the brackets should be repeated.

• The characters outside the square brackets are repeated as is.

• The decoding needs to be done recursively.

• The output string is obtained by decoding the input string.

I have experience in working with various automation frameworks such as Selenium, Appium, and Robot Framework.

• I have worked extensively with Selenium WebDriver for web application testing.

• I have also used Appium for mobile application testing on both Android and iOS platforms.

• I have experience in creating and maintaining automation frameworks using Robot Framework.

• I have worked with different architecture patterns such as Page Object Model (POM) and Data-Driven Testing (DDT).

Agile ceremonies are key meetings in Agile methodology where QA plays a crucial role in ensuring quality throughout the development process.

• QA participates in Agile ceremonies such as Sprint Planning, Daily Stand-ups, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective to provide input on quality aspects.

• QA helps in defining acceptance criteria for user stories during Sprint Planning to ensure that the team understands the quality expectations.

• QA collaborates with developers during Daily...read more

Updating the scrum board involves adding, moving, and removing tasks to reflect the current status of the project.

• Regularly update the scrum board with the progress of tasks

• Move tasks from 'To Do' to 'In Progress' to 'Done' columns as they are worked on and completed

• Remove tasks that are no longer relevant or have been completed

• Ensure the team is aware of any changes made to the scrum board

CI/CD pipeline is a set of automated processes for building, testing, and deploying software. String manipulation programs involve manipulating text data.

• CI/CD pipeline automates the process of integrating code changes, testing them, and deploying them to production.

• String manipulation programs involve tasks like searching, replacing, and modifying text data.

• Examples of string manipulation programs include finding the length of a string, converting text to uppercase, and extr...read more

SELECT is used to retrieve data from a table, while SELECT INTO is used to create a new table with data from an existing table.

• SELECT retrieves data from a table and returns the result set.

• SELECT INTO creates a new table with the same columns and data types as the original table.

• SELECT INTO can also be used to create a temporary table.

• SELECT INTO can be used to create a backup copy of a table.

• SELECT INTO can be used to create a table with a subset of columns from the original...read more

Find and remove a substring from a given string

• Use string manipulation functions to find and remove the substring

• Iterate through the string and check for occurrences of the substring

• Replace the substring with an empty string to remove it

I have tested performance using JMeter by creating test plans, configuring thread groups, adding samplers, setting up listeners, and analyzing results.

• Created test plans in JMeter to simulate real-world scenarios

• Configured thread groups to define the number of users and iterations

• Added samplers to send requests to the server under test

• Set up listeners to view and analyze the test results

Code to read data from Excel file or property file

• Use Apache POI library for reading Excel files in Java

• For property files, use java.util.Properties class

• Handle exceptions like FileNotFoundException and IOException

• Example for reading Excel file: FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("data.xlsx"); Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fis); Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);

• Example for reading property file: FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("config.properties");...read more

Find repeating characters in an array and palindromes in an array of strings in Java.

• Iterate through each string in the array and check for palindromes using two pointers approach.

• For finding repeating characters, use a HashMap to store character frequencies and check for duplicates.

Regression testing ensures existing functionality still works after changes, retest testing verifies fixed defects, and sanity testing checks basic functionality.

• Regression testing is done to ensure that new code changes do not adversely affect existing functionality

• Retest testing is done to verify that a specific defect has been fixed

• Sanity testing is a quick check to verify that the basic functionality of the application is working as expected

• Regression testing is comprehen...read more

End to end test scenarios for an eCommerce application

• Verify user can successfully create an account and login

• Test the search functionality to ensure accurate results are displayed

• Check the checkout process including adding items to cart, entering shipping information, and completing payment

• Validate email notifications for order confirmation and shipping updates

• Test the refund process to ensure it is handled correctly

Integration testing scenarios for an ecommerce application

• Testing the integration of payment gateway with the ecommerce platform

• Testing the integration of inventory management system with the ecommerce platform

• Testing the integration of shipping and tracking system with the ecommerce platform

• Testing the integration of customer relationship management (CRM) system with the ecommerce platform

To write a post query in RestAssured, use the given() method to set request parameters and body, then use the post() method to send the request.

• Use given() method to set request parameters and body

• Use post() method to send the request

• Example: given().param("key", "value").body("{\"name\": \"John\"}").post("/endpoint")

Story estimation techniques in Agile involve using relative sizing, planning poker, and t-shirt sizing.

• Relative sizing compares the size of one story to another to estimate effort.

• Planning poker involves team members individually estimating stories and then discussing differences.

• T-shirt sizing categorizes stories into small, medium, large, etc. based on complexity.

• Fibonacci sequence can be used for story points (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, etc.).

Answering questions related to CTC and hybrid model working

• My current CTC is confidential and I would prefer not to disclose it

• My expected CTC is based on industry standards and my experience

• I am open to a hybrid model of working as long as it is feasible and productive

• I believe in focusing on the job responsibilities and delivering quality work, regardless of the working model

Use Set to find unique element in array without loop

• Convert array to Set to remove duplicates

• Convert Set back to array to find unique element

Various types of software testing include unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing, and regression testing.

• Unit Testing: Testing individual components or modules of the software.

• Integration Testing: Testing how different modules work together.

• System Testing: Testing the entire system as a whole.

• Acceptance Testing: Testing to ensure the software meets the requirements of the stakeholders.

• Regression Testing: Testing to ensure that new code changes d...read more

To reverse a string in Java, use the StringBuilder class or convert the string to a character array and swap the characters.

• Create a StringBuilder object and use its reverse() method to reverse the string.

• Convert the string to a character array, swap the characters using a loop, and convert the array back to a string.

• Use recursion to reverse the string.

• Use the Collections.reverse() method to reverse a list of characters.

• Use the StringBuffer class instead of StringBuilder if t...read more

Program to find the maximum occurring character in a string

• Create an array to store the frequency of each character in the string

• Iterate through the string and update the frequency array

• Find the character with the highest frequency in the array

I follow best coding practices such as writing clean, readable, and maintainable code.

• I always follow coding standards and guidelines set by the team or organization.

• I use meaningful variable and function names to improve code readability.

• I comment my code to explain complex logic or algorithms for better understanding.

• I regularly review my code with peers to ensure quality and adherence to best practices.

To verify email using Robot Framework, use the built-in library 'SeleniumLibrary' and its 'Input Text' and 'Click Button' keywords.

• Use 'Open Browser' keyword to open the email verification page

• Use 'Input Text' keyword to enter the email address in the input field

• Use 'Click Button' keyword to click on the 'Verify' button

• Use 'Wait Until Page Contains' keyword to verify the success message or error message

Estimating testing hours involves considering factors like project scope, complexity, resources, and past experience.

• Consider the project scope and requirements to determine the amount of testing needed.

• Take into account the complexity of the software being tested and the level of detail required.

• Factor in the availability of resources such as testers, tools, and environments.

• Use past experience and historical data to make an educated guess on the testing hours required.

• Adjus...read more

UI Testing involves testing the user interface of the application to ensure it meets the requirements and functions correctly.

• Create test cases to validate the layout, design, and functionality of the UI elements.

• Verify that the UI elements are displayed correctly and are responsive to user interactions.

• Check for consistency in design elements such as fonts, colors, and alignment.

• Test the navigation flow and usability of the application.

• Use automated testing tools like Seleni...read more

To upload a file in Robot Framework, use the BuiltIn library's 'Choose File' keyword.

• Import the BuiltIn library in your test suite.

• Use the 'Choose File' keyword to select the file to upload.

• Pass the file path as an argument to the 'Choose File' keyword.

• Use the 'Submit Form' keyword to submit the form after uploading the file.

GET is used to request data from a server, while POST is used to submit data to a server.

• GET requests data from a specified resource, while POST submits data to be processed to a specified resource.

• GET requests are cached, can be bookmarked, and remain in the browser history, while POST requests are not cached and cannot be bookmarked.

• GET requests have length restrictions and should only be used to retrieve data, while POST requests have no restrictions and can be used to sen...read more

Identify bugs in a mobile application

• Test navigation between screens for any glitches

• Check for UI elements alignment issues

• Verify functionality of buttons and inputs

• Test for performance issues such as slow loading times

• Ensure proper error handling and messaging