100+ Associate Consultant Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Yes, I have a laptop for work purposes.

• Yes, I have a laptop provided by the company for work tasks.

• I also have a personal desktop at home for personal use.

• Both devices are equipped with necessary software for my job.

We selected technologies based on project requirements, team expertise, scalability, and cost-effectiveness.

• Considered project requirements and objectives

• Leveraged team expertise in certain technologies

• Chose scalable technologies for future growth

• Evaluated cost-effectiveness of different options

To prepare PR00 report output, follow these steps

• Run transaction code PR00 in SAP system

• Enter the necessary selection criteria such as company code, fiscal year, etc.

• Execute the report to generate the output

• Review the report output for accuracy and completeness

A collection framework is a set of classes and interfaces that provide a way to store and manipulate groups of objects.

• It provides implementations of commonly used data structures like lists, sets, maps, etc.

• It allows for easy manipulation of data stored in these structures.

• Examples include Java's Collection and Map interfaces and their implementations like ArrayList, HashSet, and HashMap.

Manholes are round in shape to prevent the cover from falling into the hole and to make it easier to move the cover.

• Round covers cannot fall into the hole as they cannot fit through the opening.

• Round covers can be easily moved in any direction without having to worry about alignment.

• Round shape distributes weight evenly, making it easier to lift heavy covers.

• Round shape is also more structurally sound and can withstand heavy traffic.

• Other shapes like square or rectangular can...read more

Java is a popular programming language used for developing various applications.

• Java is an object-oriented language

• It is platform-independent

• Java code is compiled into bytecode

• Java has a vast library of pre-built classes and functions

• Java is used for developing web applications, mobile apps, desktop applications, and more

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a routing protocol used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems on the internet.

• BGP is used to make routing decisions based on network policies, rules, and attributes.

• BGP attributes include AS_PATH, NEXT_HOP, LOCAL_PREF, and MED.

• AS_PATH attribute shows the path the route has taken through different autonomous systems.

• NEXT_HOP attribute specifies the next router to reach a particular destination.

• LOCAL_PREF attribute...read more

Power platform consists of Power BI, Power Apps, Power Automate, and Power Virtual Agents.

• Power BI - Business intelligence tool for data visualization and analysis

• Power Apps - Low-code app development platform

• Power Automate - Workflow automation tool

• Power Virtual Agents - Chatbot creation platform

Linked lists are a data structure consisting of nodes that point to the next node in the list.

• Each node contains a value and a pointer to the next node.

• Linked lists can be singly or doubly linked.

• Insertion and deletion are efficient, but random access is not.

• Examples include a queue, stack, and adjacency list.

The __init__() method is a constructor method in Python that is automatically called when an object is created.

• It initializes the attributes of an object

• It takes self as the first parameter

• It can take additional parameters to initialize the object's attributes

• It can be overridden to customize object initialization

OOP stands for Object-Oriented Programming, a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• OOP focuses on creating objects that contain data and methods to manipulate that data.

• Encapsulation: Objects hide their internal state and require interaction through methods.

• Inheritance: Objects can inherit attributes and methods from other objects.

• Polymorphism: Objects can take on different forms or have different behaviors.

• Examples: Java, C++, Python are popular OOP languages...read more

We can get the product from the manufacturer directly or through distributors.

• Contacting the manufacturer for direct purchase

• Finding local or online distributors

• Checking retail stores or online marketplaces for availability

A prime number is a number that is only divisible by 1 and itself.

• Iterate through numbers from 2 to n-1

• Check if n is divisible by any number in the range

• If not, n is a prime number

The pricing procedure in SAP consists of 16 fields that determine the pricing calculation for a product or service.

• The 16 fields include: Condition Type, Access Sequence, Condition Table, Calculation Type, Scale Basis, Scale Type, Condition Category, Condition Class, Condition Control, Calculation Type, Rounding Rule, Currency, Pricing Unit, Scale Quantity, Scale Value, and Condition Amount.

• Each field plays a specific role in determining the final price of a product or servic...read more

An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and is used as a base class for other classes.

• An abstract class can have abstract methods that must be implemented by its derived classes.

• An abstract class can have non-abstract methods and fields.

• An abstract class can be used to define a common interface for a group of related classes.

• Example: The Shape class can be an abstract class with abstract methods like getArea() and getPerimeter() that must be implemented by it...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. In OOPs, it allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they are the same type.

• Polymorphism allows for code reusability and flexibility

• It can be achieved through method overloading or method overriding

• Example: A parent class Animal has a method called makeSound(). Child classes Dog and Cat can override this method to make their own unique sounds.

• Polymorphism can also be achieved through interfaces, wh...read more

Intercompany elimination is the process of removing transactions between companies within the same group for consolidated financial reporting.

• Intercompany transactions are eliminated to avoid double counting of revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities.

• Eliminations are made for transactions such as sales, purchases, loans, and dividends.

• Eliminations are recorded in the consolidation worksheet and are necessary for accurate financial reporting.

• Intercompany eliminations can a...read more

Regression is the process of retesting software to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality.

• Regression testing involves running tests on previously tested software to make sure that new changes have not introduced any new bugs or issues.

• Retesting is the process of running tests on specific areas of the software that have been modified to ensure that the changes have been implemented correctly.

• Regression testing is typically automated to ...read more

Place of supply under GST refers to the location where a supply of goods or services is deemed to have taken place for tax purposes.

• Place of supply determines the state in which GST is levied and collected.

• For goods, place of supply is the location where the goods are delivered or made available to the recipient.

• For services, place of supply is the location of the recipient of services.

• If the location of supplier and recipient is in different states, IGST is applicable.

• Exampl...read more

STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol, VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network, and VTP stands for VLAN Trunking Protocol.

• STP is a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology in Ethernet networks.

• VLAN is a method of segmenting a physical network into multiple virtual networks for better traffic management and security.

• VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol that manages the addition, deletion, and renaming of VLANs across a network.

• STP example: Prevents network loops by...read more

The annual revenue of TOI is not publicly disclosed.

• The Times of India is a privately owned company and does not disclose its financial information publicly.

• However, it is estimated that TOI generates revenue in billions of dollars due to its large readership and advertising revenue.

• TOI is one of the largest newspapers in India and has a significant online presence as well.

• The company also owns several other media properties including radio stations and television channels.

• TO...read more

SAP SD-FI Integration is the seamless connection between Sales and Distribution (SD) and Financial Accounting (FI) modules in SAP ERP system.

• Allows for automatic posting of accounting entries from SD to FI

• Ensures consistency between sales orders, deliveries, and invoices

• Enables real-time financial reporting based on sales data

• Example: When a sales order is created in SD, corresponding accounting entries are generated in FI

Regex function with if/else logic

• Use regex to match a pattern in a string

• Use if/else statements to execute different code based on the match

• Example: if string matches 'hello', print 'world', else print 'goodbye'

An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources.

• It acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware.

• It manages memory, processes, and input/output devices.

• Examples include Windows, macOS, and Linux.

• It provides a platform for other software to run on.

• It ensures security and manages user accounts.

Wrapper class in Java 8 is used to convert primitive data types into objects.

• Wrapper classes provide a way to use primitive data types as objects.

• They are used for converting primitive data types into objects and vice versa.

• Examples include Integer, Double, Boolean, etc.

SQL joins are used to combine data from two or more tables based on a related column.

• Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables in a single query

• Common types of joins include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join

• Joins are performed based on a related column between the tables

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. C++ is a programming language that supports OOP principles.

• OOPs is a programming paradigm based on the concept of 'objects', which can contain data in the form of fields (attributes or properties) and code in the form of procedures (methods or functions).

• C++ is a high-level programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup. It is an extension of the C programming language with added support for object-oriented programming.

• In C++,...read more

A C++ program to check if a given string is a palindrome or not.

• Create a character array to store the input string

• Use two pointers, one at the beginning and one at the end of the array

• Compare the characters at both pointers and move them towards each other until they meet

• If all characters match, the string is a palindrome

• If any character doesn't match, the string is not a palindrome

Stack memory is used for static memory allocation and is limited in size, while heap memory is used for dynamic memory allocation and is larger.

• Stack memory is allocated at compile time and is used for static memory allocation, such as local variables and function call stack.

• Heap memory is allocated at runtime and is used for dynamic memory allocation, such as objects created using 'new' keyword in C++.

• Stack memory is limited in size and is typically smaller than heap memory....read more

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and allows for fast retrieval of values based on keys.

• HashMap uses a hash function to map keys to indices in an array.

• It allows for constant-time retrieval, insertion, and deletion of key-value pairs.

• Collisions can occur when multiple keys map to the same index, which is resolved using techniques like chaining or open addressing.

Inheritance in Java allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Inheritance enables code reusability and promotes a hierarchical relationship between classes.

• Subclasses inherit attributes and methods from a superclass.

• Java supports single and multiple inheritance through classes and interfaces.

• Example: class Car extends Vehicle {}

Dynamics CRM is a customer relationship management software developed by Microsoft.

• Developed by Microsoft

• Helps businesses manage customer relationships

• Includes features like sales, marketing, and customer service automation

• Provides insights through analytics and reporting

• Can be integrated with other Microsoft products like Office 365

Product design involves several stages from ideation to launch.

• Ideation and research

• Concept development

• Prototyping and testing

• Design for manufacturing

• Launch and post-launch evaluation

Kernel upgrades are done to improve security, performance, and add new features to the operating system.

• Enhances security by fixing vulnerabilities

• Improves performance by optimizing code

• Adds new features and functionalities

• Ensures compatibility with new hardware and software

Measures are quantitative values used to track and assess performance or progress.

• Measures provide a way to quantify and evaluate specific aspects of a process or outcome

• They are often used in performance management to monitor progress towards goals

• Examples include revenue growth rate, customer satisfaction score, and employee turnover rate

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• OOPs is a way of organizing and designing code around objects

• It emphasizes on encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism

• It helps in creating reusable and modular code

• Examples of OOPs languages are Java, C++, Python, etc.

To create a mutable class in Java, use the 'public' access modifier and provide setter methods for instance variables.

• Use the 'public' access modifier for the class

• Provide setter methods to modify instance variables

• Avoid using 'final' keyword for instance variables

A cursor in SQL is a database object that allows for the retrieval and manipulation of data from a result set.

• A cursor is used to traverse through the rows of a result set one by one.

• It provides a way to perform operations on each row individually.

• Cursors are commonly used in stored procedures, triggers, and functions.

• They can be declared, opened, fetched, and closed.

• Example: DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM table_name;

• Example: OPEN cursor_name; FETCH NEXT FROM cu...read more

Third party process involves outsourcing a business function to a vendor or supplier.

• Third party process involves hiring an external vendor or supplier to perform a business function.

• This can include outsourcing IT services, customer support, or manufacturing.

• The third party is responsible for delivering the service or product as per the agreed terms and conditions.

• The company outsourcing the function retains overall control and responsibility for the outcome.

• Third party proc...read more

OTC cycle refers to the process of Over-The-Counter trading of securities.

• OTC trading involves direct trading between two parties without the involvement of a stock exchange.

• OTC securities are not listed on formal exchanges and are traded through dealer networks.

• OTC cycle includes negotiation, trade execution, and settlement.

• OTC trading is common for small-cap and penny stocks.

• OTC trading is less regulated than exchange-traded securities.

I do not have access to Infosys' current quarter revenue data.

Comparator is used to define custom sorting order for objects, while Comparable is an interface used to implement natural ordering of objects.

• Comparator is used to define custom sorting order for objects, while Comparable is used to implement natural ordering of objects

• Comparator interface has a compare() method, while Comparable interface has a compareTo() method

• Comparator can be used to sort objects based on multiple criteria, while Comparable can only be used for single cr...read more

Synchronization is the coordination of events to operate in a timely manner.

• Synchronization ensures that multiple processes or threads do not interfere with each other when accessing shared resources.

• It can be achieved using techniques like locks, semaphores, and barriers.

• For example, in a multi-threaded program, synchronization is used to ensure that threads access shared data in a safe and orderly manner.

I have a strong understanding of various technologies and their applications.

• Proficient in programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++

• Familiar with web development technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

• Knowledgeable in database management systems like MySQL and Oracle

• Experience with cloud computing platforms like AWS and Azure

• Understanding of emerging technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence

Behaviour pattern about instance refers to the consistent actions or reactions exhibited by an individual in specific situations.

• Observing how an individual responds to stress can reveal their behaviour pattern.

• Consistent punctuality or tardiness can indicate a behaviour pattern.

• Repetitive actions or habits can also be part of a behaviour pattern.

EIGRP metric is a formula used by EIGRP routing protocol to calculate the best path to a destination network.

• EIGRP metric is based on bandwidth and delay of the path to the destination.

• The formula for EIGRP metric is: metric = [K1 * bandwidth + (K2 * bandwidth) / (256 - load) + K3 * delay] * [K5 / (reliability + K4)]

• The default values for K1-K5 are 1, 0, 1, 0, and 0 respectively.

Implement array sorting without using the sort method

• Use a custom sorting algorithm like bubble sort, selection sort, or insertion sort

• Compare each element in the array and rearrange them based on the desired order

• Repeat the process until the array is sorted