ZF India Technology Center Software Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Preprocessing raw data involves cleaning, transforming, and organizing data to make it suitable for analysis.

• Remove any irrelevant or duplicate data

• Handle missing values by imputation or deletion

• Normalize or standardize numerical data

• Encode categorical variables using techniques like one-hot encoding

• Feature scaling for machine learning algorithms

• Perform text preprocessing like tokenization and stemming

Specify the existing solution by documenting its architecture, components, technologies used, and any modifications made.

• Document the architecture of the solution, including high-level components and their interactions

• List the technologies used in the solution, such as programming languages, frameworks, and databases

• Describe any modifications or customizations made to the existing solution

• Include any performance metric...read more

Smart pointers are objects that store a pointer to dynamically allocated memory and provide automatic memory management.

• Smart pointers help prevent memory leaks by automatically releasing memory when the pointer is no longer needed.

• Examples include unique_ptr, shared_ptr, and weak_ptr in C++.

• unique_ptr is used for exclusive ownership, shared_ptr for shared ownership, and weak_ptr to break circular references.

A lambda function is a small anonymous function defined in a single line of code without a name.

• Lambda functions are often used in programming languages that support functional programming.

• They are commonly used for short, simple operations that do not require a named function.

• Lambda functions can take any number of arguments but can only have one expression.

• Example: lambda x: x*2 defines a lambda function that doubles

Threading is a way for a program to split itself into multiple simultaneous tasks.

• Threading allows for parallel execution of tasks within a program.

• Each thread has its own stack and runs independently of other threads.

• Threads can communicate with each other and share resources.

• Example: A web server handling multiple client requests concurrently using threads.

Lambda function is an anonymous function in programming that can have multiple parameters and can be used as an argument to other functions.

• Lambda functions are also known as anonymous functions because they do not have a name.

• They are often used for short, one-time tasks that do not require a separate function definition.

• Lambda functions can take multiple parameters and return a single value.

• Example: lambda x, y: x + ...read more

A virtual function is a function in a base class that is declared using the keyword 'virtual' and can be overridden by a function with the same signature in a derived class.

• Virtual functions allow for dynamic polymorphism in object-oriented programming.

• They are used to achieve runtime polymorphism by allowing a function to be called based on the type of object it is called on.

• Virtual functions are declared in a base cl...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of a function or method to behave differently based on the object it is acting upon.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• It enables a single interface to be used for different data types or classes.

• Examples include method overloading and method overriding in object-oriented programming.