Yatra Data Scientist Intern Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Sql, advance Excel formulas
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Q1. Explain Moving Average
Ans. 
Moving Average is a statistical technique used to analyze data points by creating a series of averages of different subsets of the full data set.
• Moving Average helps in smoothing out fluctuations in data to identify trends over time.

• It is calculated by taking the average of a specific number of data points within a defined window.

• For example, a 3-day moving average for stock prices would be the average of the stock pri...read more
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Q2. Explain Decorators
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Decorators in Python are functions that modify the behavior of other functions.
• Decorators are denoted by the @ symbol followed by the decorator function name.

• They allow you to add functionality to an existing function without modifying its code.

• Common use cases include logging, timing, and authentication.

• Example: @decorator_function def function_to_decorate(): pass
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Q3. Explain Object Oriented Programming
Ans. 
Object Oriented Programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code.
• OOP focuses on creating objects that interact with each other to solve complex problems.

• Objects have attributes (data) and methods (functions) that can manipulate the data.

• Encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are key principles of OOP.

• Example: In a car simulation program, a 'Car' object can hav...read more
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Q4. Explain classes objects
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Classes are blueprints for creating objects in object-oriented programming.
• Classes define the properties and behaviors of objects

• Objects are instances of classes

• Classes can inherit properties and behaviors from other classes

• Classes can have constructors to initialize objects

• Classes can have methods to perform actions
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Q5. Explain Functions
Ans. 
Functions are blocks of code that perform a specific task and can be reused multiple times in a program.
• Functions help in organizing code and making it more modular.

• They can take input parameters and return output values.

• Functions can be called multiple times from different parts of the program.

• Examples: summing two numbers, finding the maximum value in a list.
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Q6. Pandas and Numpy
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Q7. Swap L1 and L5 in a list
Ans. 
Swap L1 and L5 in a list
• Create a temporary variable to store the value of L1

• Assign the value of L5 to L1

• Assign the value of the temporary variable to L5
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Q1. Are you proficient in Excel . Why should we hire you for this role .
Ans. 
Yes, I am proficient in Excel and have experience using it for data analysis, creating charts, and managing spreadsheets.
• Proficient in Excel for data analysis

• Experience in creating charts and graphs

• Skilled in managing spreadsheets

• Familiar with advanced functions and formulas

• Ability to manipulate and organize data efficiently
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Q2. Basic accounting knowledge Soft skills
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Q1. Calculate no of rows after join
Ans. 
Calculate the number of rows after joining two datasets.
• Count the number of rows in each dataset

• Perform the join operation

• Count the number of rows in the resulting dataset
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Q2. Split person name in excel
Ans. 
Use Excel's text to columns feature to split person names into separate columns.
• Select the column containing the full names

• Go to the Data tab and click on Text to Columns

• Choose 'Delimited' and select the delimiter that separates the names (e.g. space)

• Click Finish to split the names into separate columns
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Duration - 1hr, Mostly questions are from Excel and SQL ( But a little knowledge of R and Python is very useful) .For me, it's knowing the concepts and answering no codes were ask to write.

Q1. Basic 1-on-1 round with your manager/ or any senior from the company
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Q1. Tell me about yourself
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Q2. Bacis questions for freshers
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Round duration - 65 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

There were 2 sections – 
Aptitude and Logical Reasoning and MCQ based on Java question ,C++, coding for 20 min and 45 min respectively.
Section A- Not very difficult to clear this round although less time was a problem.
Section B- It contains 15 multiple choice question on c/c++,java and 4 simple coding questions

Q1. 
Cycle Detection in a Singly Linked List
Determine if a given singly linked list of integers forms a cycle or not.
A cycle in a linked list occurs when a node's next points back to a previous node in the ...read more
Ans. 
Detect if a singly linked list forms a cycle by checking if a node's next pointer points back to a previous node.
• Traverse the linked list using two pointers, one moving at double the speed of the other.

• If the two pointers meet at any point, there is a cycle in the linked list.

• Use Floyd's Cycle Detection Algorithm for O(N) time complexity and O(1) space complexity.
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Round duration - 75 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

It was an online coding test in which 3 coding question were given.

Q1. 
Smallest Window Problem Statement
Given two strings, S and X, your task is to find the smallest substring in S that contains all the characters present in X.
Example:
Input:
S = "abdd", X = "bd"
Outpu...read more
Ans. 
Find the smallest substring in string S that contains all characters in string X.
• Iterate through string S and keep track of characters in X found in a window

• Use two pointers to maintain the window and slide it to find the smallest window

• Return the smallest window containing all characters in X
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Q2. 
Smallest Integer Not Representable as Subset Sum
Given a non-decreasing sorted array ARR of N positive numbers, determine the smallest positive integer that cannot be expressed as the sum of elements from...read more
Ans. 
Find the smallest positive integer that cannot be expressed as the sum of elements from any proper subset of a non-decreasing sorted array of positive numbers.
• Start with the smallest possible integer that cannot be represented, which is 1.

• Iterate through the array and update the smallest integer that cannot be represented.

• If the current element is greater than the smallest integer that cannot be represented, return tha...read more
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Q3. 
Minimum Steps for a Knight to Reach Target
Given a square chessboard of size 'N x N', determine the minimum number of moves a Knight requires to reach a specified target position from its initial position...read more
Ans. 
Calculate the minimum number of moves a Knight needs to reach a target position on a chessboard.
• Implement a function that takes knight's starting position, target position, and chessboard size as input

• Use breadth-first search algorithm to find the shortest path for the Knight

• Consider all possible 8 movements of the Knight on the chessboard

• Return the minimum number of moves required for the Knight to reach the target po
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

It started with a discussion on the programs given in coding round. They asked me about my interest field after that they directly jumped into Networking, Linux and Ethical Hacking part looking my interest domain. They asked me various question on networking and linux.
Then they asked me to code a simple c program

Q1. 
Reverse Linked List Problem Statement
Given a singly linked list of integers, return the head of the reversed linked list.
Example:
Initial linked list: 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> NULL
Reversed link...read more
Ans. 
Reverse a singly linked list of integers and return the head of the reversed linked list.
• Iterate through the linked list and reverse the pointers to point to the previous node.

• Keep track of the current, previous, and next nodes while reversing the linked list.

• Update the head of the reversed linked list as the last node encountered during reversal.
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Q2. What are the port numbers of protocols such as FTP and SMTP?
Ans. 
FTP uses port number 21 and SMTP uses port number 25.
• FTP uses port 21 for data transfer and port 20 for control information.

• SMTP uses port 25 for email communication.

• Understanding port numbers is important for network communication.
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Q3. Can you explain the OSI Model?
Ans. 
The OSI Model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.
• The OSI Model stands for Open Systems Interconnection Model.

• It consists of seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer has specific functions and communicates with the adjacent layers.

• Example: Layer 1 (Physical) deals with physi...read more
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Q4. How do you copy files in Linux?
Ans. 
To copy files in Linux, you can use the 'cp' command.
• Use the 'cp' command followed by the source file and destination directory to copy a file.

• To copy a directory and its contents, use the '-r' flag with the 'cp' command.

• You can also use wildcards like '*' to copy multiple files at once.
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