Virtusa Consulting Services Interview Questions and Answers

Online assessment (Technical, English, Reasoning)

Q1. Difference between Balance sheet and trial balance
Ans. 
Balance sheet shows assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time. Trial balance lists all ledger accounts with their balances.
• Balance sheet is a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time.

• Trial balance is a list of all ledger accounts with their balances to ensure debits equal credits.

• Balance sheet includes assets, liabilities, and equity sections.

• Trial balance is used to prep...read more
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Q2. Standard costing formula
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Standard costing formula calculates the expected cost of a product based on predetermined standards.
• Standard costing formula includes direct materials, direct labor, and overhead costs.

• It helps in comparing actual costs with standard costs to identify variances.

• Formula: Standard Cost = Standard Quantity of Inputs x Standard Price of Inputs
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Q3. Journal entries for Prepaid Accruals Depreciation with accumulated depreciation concept Provision for Bad debts DTA and DTL
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Explanation of journal entries for Prepaid, Accruals, Depreciation, Provision for Bad debts, DTA, and DTL.
• Prepaid expenses are initially recorded as assets and then expensed over time as they are used up.

• Accruals are expenses incurred but not yet paid or revenue earned but not yet received.

• Depreciation is the allocation of the cost of a fixed asset over its useful life, with accumulated depreciation representing the to...read more
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Q4. Case study on Ind AS 115
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Q5. Preparation of balance sheet and computation of various ratios
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Preparation of balance sheet involves listing assets, liabilities, and equity. Ratios are computed using financial data from the balance sheet.
• List all assets, liabilities, and equity on the balance sheet

• Calculate various financial ratios such as current ratio, debt to equity ratio, and return on equity

• Use formulae like Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities

• Interpret the ratios to analyze the financial he...read more
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Q6. Accounting principles
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Q1. What is DTA and DTL
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DTA stands for Deferred Tax Asset and DTL stands for Deferred Tax Liability.
• DTA is an asset recorded on a company's balance sheet that may be used to reduce taxable income in the future.

• DTL is a liability recorded on a company's balance sheet that represents taxes that have been accrued but not yet paid.

• DTA arises when a company has overpaid taxes or has tax deductions that exceed its taxable income.

• DTL arises when a c...read more
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Q2. Accounting entry for accumulated depreciation
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Accumulated depreciation is a contra asset account that represents the total depreciation expense taken on an asset since it was acquired.
• Accumulated depreciation is recorded on the balance sheet as a reduction from the gross amount of fixed assets to arrive at the net book value.

• The accounting entry for accumulated depreciation involves debiting the depreciation expense account and crediting the accumulated depreciati...read more
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Q3. Few resume based questions
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Q4. Standard costing formula
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Standard costing formula calculates the expected cost of a product based on predetermined standards.
• Standard costing formula = Standard cost of direct materials + Standard cost of direct labor + Standard manufacturing overhead cost

• Standard cost of direct materials = Standard quantity of materials x Standard price per unit

• Standard cost of direct labor = Standard hours of labor x Standard rate per hour

• Standard manufactur...read more
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Q5. Difference between budgeting and forecasting
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Budgeting involves setting financial goals and allocating resources, while forecasting predicts future financial outcomes based on past data and trends.
• Budgeting is a plan for how to allocate resources and achieve financial goals

• Forecasting predicts future financial outcomes based on past data and trends

• Budgeting is typically done on an annual basis, while forecasting can be done on a shorter or longer term basis

• Budget...read more
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Q6. Meaning of variance analysis
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Variance analysis is a technique used to identify and analyze the difference between planned financial outcomes and actual results.
• Variance analysis helps in understanding the reasons for deviations from budgeted or expected figures.

• It involves comparing actual financial performance with budgeted or standard performance.

• Common types of variances include price variance, quantity variance, and mix variance.

• Variance analy...read more
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Q1. Run time polymorphism code
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Q2. Linked list code
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A linked list is a linear data structure where elements are stored in nodes, each pointing to the next node.
• A linked list consists of nodes, each containing data and a reference to the next node.

• Types of linked lists include singly linked lists, doubly linked lists, and circular linked lists.

• Example of a singly linked list: Node1 -> Node2 -> Node3 -> NULL.

• Doubly linked list allows traversal in both directions:...read more
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Q3. Deep copy shallow copy differences
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Deep copy creates a new copy of an object with its own unique memory space, while shallow copy creates a new object that references the same memory locations as the original object.
• Deep copy duplicates all nested objects, while shallow copy only duplicates the references to nested objects.

• Deep copy ensures that changes to the copied object do not affect the original object, while shallow copy may lead to unintended sid...read more
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Q1. More deep questions about polymorphism code
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Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class, enhancing flexibility and code reusability.
• Polymorphism can be achieved through method overriding and method overloading.

• Example of method overriding: A base class 'Animal' has a method 'makeSound()', and subclasses 'Dog' and 'Cat' implement their own versions.

• Method overloading allows multiple methods with the same name but different paramet...read more
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Q2. Code for interchange of strings without strcpy
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Use a loop to swap characters of two strings without using strcpy function.
• Create two arrays of characters to store the strings

• Use a loop to iterate through each character of the strings and swap them

• Ensure to handle cases where strings have different lengths
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They will see logical and lateral thinking

Q1. Oops. Solid principles. Previous project explanation
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Q2. Questions on full stack
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Q1. About company policies
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Q2. Salary
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Q1. What is the architecture of Apache Spark?
Ans. 
Apache Spark architecture includes a cluster manager, worker nodes, and driver program.
• Apache Spark architecture consists of a cluster manager, which allocates resources and schedules tasks.

• Worker nodes execute tasks and store data in memory or disk.

• Driver program coordinates tasks and communicates with the cluster manager.

• Spark applications run as independent sets of processes on a cluster, coordinated by the SparkCon...read more
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Q2. What is the difference between the reduceBy and groupBy transformations in Apache Spark?
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reduceBy is used to aggregate data based on key, while groupBy is used to group data based on key.
• reduceBy is a transformation that combines the values of each key using an associative function and a neutral 'zero value'.

• groupBy is a transformation that groups the data based on a key and returns a grouped data set.

• reduceBy is more efficient for aggregating data as it reduces the data before shuffling, while groupBy shu...read more
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Q3. What is the difference between RDD (Resilient Distributed Datasets) and DataFrame in Apache Spark?
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RDD is a low-level abstraction representing a distributed collection of objects, while DataFrame is a higher-level abstraction representing a distributed collection of data organized into named columns.
• RDD is more suitable for unstructured data and low-level transformations, while DataFrame is more suitable for structured data and high-level abstractions.

• DataFrames provide optimizations like query optimization and code...read more
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Q4. What are the different modes of execution in Apache Spark?
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The different modes of execution in Apache Spark include local mode, standalone mode, YARN mode, and Mesos mode.
• Local mode: Spark runs on a single machine with one executor.

• Standalone mode: Spark runs on a cluster managed by a standalone cluster manager.

• YARN mode: Spark runs on a Hadoop cluster using YARN as the resource manager.

• Mesos mode: Spark runs on a Mesos cluster with Mesos as the resource manager.
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