Virtusa Consulting Services Technology Consultant Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. What is a trigger
Ans. 
A trigger is an event or condition that initiates a specific action or process.
• Triggers are commonly used in programming and databases.

• They can be used to automate tasks or initiate processes based on certain conditions.

• Examples include a trigger that sends an email when a new user registers on a website, or a trigger that updates a database record when a certain field is changed.

• Triggers can also be used in marketing ...read more
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Q2. What is right outer join
Ans. 
Right outer join returns all records from the right table and matching records from the left table.
• It includes all the records from the right table and only matching records from the left table.

• If there is no match in the left table, the result will contain NULL values.

• It is denoted by RIGHT OUTER JOIN or RIGHT JOIN keyword in SQL.

• Example: SELECT * FROM right_table RIGHT JOIN left_table ON right_table.id = left_table.i
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Q3. What are types in Oracle
Ans. 
Types in Oracle are data types that define the type of data that can be stored in a column or variable.
• Oracle has several built-in data types such as NUMBER, VARCHAR2, DATE, and CLOB.

• NUMBER is used to store numeric values, VARCHAR2 is used to store character strings, DATE is used to store dates and times, and CLOB is used to store large character strings.

• Oracle also supports user-defined data types, which can be create...read more
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Q4. What is an array type
Ans. 
An array type is a data type that stores a collection of elements of the same data type in a contiguous memory location.
• Arrays can be one-dimensional or multi-dimensional

• Elements in an array can be accessed using an index

• Arrays can be initialized with a fixed size or dynamically resized

• Examples of array types include int[], double[], and string[]
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Q1. About yourself and last company
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Q1. Python Coding problems, write pseudo code for a couple of simple problems
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Q1. Case study Guestimates
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Q1. How much do you want?
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Q1. What is ur overall experience and explain ur work role
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Round duration - 50 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

In this round, the interviewer first asked me a preety basic coding question related to Backtracking. Then he switched to questions revolving around Java , Spring Boot and Kafka.

Q1. 
Print Permutations - String Problem Statement
Given an input string 'S', you are tasked with finding and returning all possible permutations of the input string.
Input:
The first and only line of input ...read more
Ans. 
The task is to find and return all possible permutations of a given input string.
• Use recursion to generate all possible permutations of the input string.

• Swap characters in the string to generate different permutations.

• Handle duplicate characters by using a set to store unique permutations.

• Return the list of permutations as an array of strings.
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Q2. What is dependency injection?
Ans. 
Dependency injection is a design pattern where components are given their dependencies rather than creating them internally.
• Allows for easier testing by mocking dependencies

• Promotes loose coupling between components

• Improves code reusability and maintainability

• Examples: Constructor injection, Setter injection, Interface injection
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Q3. What are the four core API architectures that Kafka uses?
Ans. 
The four core API architectures that Kafka uses are Producer API, Consumer API, Streams API, and Connector API.
• Producer API: Allows applications to publish streams of records to one or more Kafka topics.

• Consumer API: Allows applications to subscribe to topics and process the stream of records produced to them.

• Streams API: Allows creating and processing real-time data streams from one or more input topics to one or more...read more
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Q4. What are the use cases of Kafka monitoring?
Ans. 
Kafka monitoring is essential for ensuring optimal performance, detecting issues, and maintaining data integrity.
• Real-time monitoring of data ingestion and processing

• Tracking consumer lag to ensure timely data consumption

• Identifying bottlenecks and optimizing cluster performance

• Monitoring disk usage and network throughput

• Alerting on anomalies or failures for proactive troubleshooting
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round primarily focused on questions related to Spring Boot and Hibernate. As I already had some projects in Java , I was familiar to both Spring and Hibernate - what are they used for , their basic understanding and all . So, this round also went preety well as I was able to answer most of the questions with little to no hints as far as possible.

Q1. How does Spring Boot work?
Ans. 
Spring Boot is a framework that simplifies the development of Java applications by providing pre-configured settings and tools.
• Spring Boot eliminates the need for manual configuration by providing defaults for most settings.

• It includes embedded servers like Tomcat, Jetty, or Undertow, making it easy to run applications.

• Spring Boot also offers production-ready features like metrics, health checks, and externalized confi...read more
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Q2. What are the major differences between @RequestMapping and @GetMapping in Spring Boot?
Ans. 
Major differences between @RequestMapping and @GetMapping in Spring Boot
• 1. @RequestMapping is a generic annotation for mapping HTTP requests to handler methods, while @GetMapping is a specialized version that only handles GET requests.

• 2. @GetMapping is a shortcut for @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET), making it more concise and specific.

• 3. @RequestMapping allows for specifying additional parameters like heade...read more
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Q3. Can you explain the @RestController annotation in Spring Boot?
Ans. 
The @RestController annotation in Spring Boot is used to define a class as a RESTful controller.
• Used to create RESTful web services in Spring Boot

• Combines @Controller and @ResponseBody annotations

• Eliminates the need for @ResponseBody annotation on each method

• Returns data directly in the response body as JSON or XML
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Q4. What are the basic annotations that Spring Boot offers?
Ans. 
Spring Boot offers annotations like @SpringBootApplication, @RestController, @Autowired, @Component, @Repository, @Service, @Configuration, @RequestMapping, etc.
• @SpringBootApplication - Used to mark the main class of a Spring Boot application

• @RestController - Used to define RESTful web services

• @Autowired - Used for automatic dependency injection

• @Component - Used to indicate a class is a Spring component

• @Repository - Us...read more
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Q5. How do you create an immutable class in Hibernate?
Ans. 
To create an immutable class in Hibernate, use final keyword for class, make fields private and provide only getters.
• Use the final keyword for the class to prevent subclassing

• Make fields private to restrict direct access

• Provide only getters for the fields to ensure read-only access

• Avoid providing setters or mutable methods
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Q6. What is Hibernate caching?
Ans. 
Hibernate caching is a mechanism used to improve the performance of Hibernate applications by reducing the number of database queries.
• Hibernate caching stores frequently accessed data in memory to reduce the need for repeated database queries

• There are different levels of caching in Hibernate such as first-level cache and second-level cache

• First-level cache is associated with the Session object and is enabled by default

• ...read more
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Q7. Can you explain what Query Cache is in Hibernate?
Ans. 
Query Cache in Hibernate stores the results of queries in memory to improve performance by avoiding repeated database calls.
• Query Cache is a second-level cache in Hibernate that stores the results of queries along with the query key in memory.

• It helps in improving performance by avoiding repeated database calls for the same query.

• Query Cache can be enabled in Hibernate configuration to cache query results.

• It is useful ...read more
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Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This is a cultural fitment testing round. HR was very frank and asked standard questions. Then we discussed about my
role.

Q1. Why should we hire you?
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