Virtusa Consulting Services Associate Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Java OOP's concept is a programming paradigm that uses objects to design applications and programs.

• Java OOP's concept is based on four main principles: encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Encapsulation is the process of hiding the implementation details of an object from the outside world.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Polymorphism allows objects to take on multiple forms or behaviors.

• Abstraction is the pr...read more

Marker interface is an empty interface used to mark classes for special treatment.

• Marker interface has no methods or fields.

• It is used to provide metadata to the JVM or other tools.

• Examples include Serializable interface in Java.

OOPs concepts are the principles of Object-Oriented Programming, including encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (object).

• Inheritance: Allowing a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Polymorphism: The ability for objects of different classes to respond to the same method call.

• Abstraction: Hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the...read more

Synchronization is the coordination of multiple processes or threads to ensure they access shared resources in a controlled manner.

• Synchronization is important in multi-threaded programming to prevent race conditions and ensure data consistency.

• Common synchronization mechanisms include locks, semaphores, and monitors.

• For example, using a mutex lock to protect a critical section of code from being accessed by multiple threads simultaneously.

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization is used to eliminate data redundancy by breaking up tables into smaller, related tables.

• It helps in reducing data anomalies such as update, insert, and delete anomalies.

• Normalization is achieved through a series of stages called normal forms, such as 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF.

• For example, in a database of students and courses, instead of storing student de...read more