Texas Instruments Layout Design Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Write code of frequency divider
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Q2. Difference between latch & flip flop
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Q1. Introduce yourself
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I am a passionate and experienced design engineer with a strong background in mechanical engineering.
• Graduated with a degree in Mechanical Engineering from XYZ University

• Worked for 5 years at ABC Company designing innovative products

• Proficient in CAD software such as SolidWorks and AutoCAD

• Strong problem-solving skills and attention to detail

• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to bring projects to completion
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Q2. Explain matching and it type in detail with example. Why do we do matching.
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Matching is the process of comparing two or more items to determine if they are the same or similar.
• Matching involves comparing characteristics or features of items to find similarities or differences.

• Types of matching include pattern matching, string matching, and image matching.

• Matching is used in various fields such as computer science, psychology, and genetics.

• Example: Matching fingerprints to identify a suspect in...read more
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Q3. Scenario: 2 blocks 100 um apart. current of 8 mA flows with 10 ohms resistance. What should be the metal width for routing.(Need to show the complete calculation)
Ans. 
To determine the metal width for routing, calculate the resistance and use it to find the required width.
• Calculate resistance using R = ρ * (L/A), where ρ is the resistivity of the metal, L is the distance between blocks, and A is the cross-sectional area of the metal.

• Use Ohm's Law (V = I * R) to find the voltage drop across the metal.

• Finally, use the voltage drop and current to determine the required metal width.
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Q4. Explain block functionality of your previous project in detail and how your started your layout till tape out.
Ans. 
Block functionality of previous project involved data processing and storage. Layout started with floorplanning and power grid design.
• Implemented data processing block using Verilog HDL

• Designed storage block using flip-flops and registers

• Started layout with floorplanning to allocate space for different blocks

• Designed power grid to ensure proper distribution of power to all blocks

• Performed physical design tasks such as ...read more
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Q5. Em&IR in detail and how these can be will resolved
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Em&IR stands for Emissions and Immunity in the context of design engineering. Resolving these issues involves identifying sources of electromagnetic interference and implementing mitigation techniques.
• Em&IR refers to the study of electromagnetic emissions from electronic devices and their susceptibility to external interference.

• Common sources of electromagnetic interference include power supplies, motors, and wireless ...read more
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Q6. Write a command to find the lines containing the word "ERROR" from a log file and copy it to new file.
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Command to find lines with 'ERROR' in log file and copy to new file
• Use grep command to search for 'ERROR' in log file: grep 'ERROR' logfile.txt

• Use redirection to copy the output to a new file: grep 'ERROR' logfile.txt > newfile.txt
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Q1. What is latchup and how it can be resolved
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Latchup is a condition in integrated circuits where parasitic thyristors are inadvertently triggered, causing a high current flow.
• Latchup can be resolved by adding guard rings around sensitive components to prevent parasitic thyristors from triggering.

• Using layout techniques such as spacing sensitive components further apart can also help prevent latchup.

• Properly designing the power distribution network and ensuring pr
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Q2. What is Antenna effect and how it can be resolved.
Ans. 
Antenna effect is the phenomenon where the gate of a transistor behaves like an antenna, causing unwanted signal interference.
• Antenna effect occurs in integrated circuits due to the gate acting as an antenna and picking up external signals.

• It can lead to performance degradation and reliability issues in the circuit.

• To resolve antenna effect, techniques like adding shielding layers, changing layout design, and using gua...read more
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Q3. Why do we go for higher metal jump not for lower metal jump for resolving Antenna.
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Higher metal jumps are preferred over lower metal jumps for resolving antenna issues due to better signal propagation and reduced interference.
• Higher metal jumps provide better signal propagation and reduced interference compared to lower metal jumps.

• Higher metal jumps help in achieving better antenna performance and coverage.

• Lower metal jumps may result in signal degradation and increased interference.

• Higher metal jum...read more
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Q4. Explain WPE and how it can be taken care.
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WPE stands for Water Pressure Equalization. It is a system used to maintain equal pressure in a water distribution network.
• WPE helps prevent water hammer, which can damage pipes and fittings.

• It ensures consistent water pressure throughout the network, even when demand fluctuates.

• Regular maintenance of valves, pumps, and pressure regulators is essential to ensure the WPE system functions properly.
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Q5. What is LOD effect(I was unable to answer this one)
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Q1. Asking regarding the gap in my career.
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Q2. Am I comfortable with job location.
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Yes, I am comfortable with the job location.
• I have researched the area and feel it is a good fit for me.

• I have visited the location and liked what I saw.

• I am willing to relocate if necessary for this opportunity.
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Analog circuits , opamp, mosfets , Rc circuits

Q1. Nmos design and working
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NMOS (N-channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) is a type of MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) that uses n-type semiconductor for the channel.
• NMOS transistors are used in digital and analog circuits for switching and amplification.

• In NMOS design, the gate is made of metal, the insulator is made of oxide, and the semiconductor is n-type.

• NMOS transistors operate by applying a voltage to the gate termi...read more
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Q2. CMOS circuit and design along with VTC characteristics
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CMOS circuits are widely used in integrated circuits for their low power consumption and high noise immunity. VTC characteristics show the relationship between input and output voltage.
• CMOS circuits consist of complementary pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs, allowing for low power consumption and high noise immunity.

• VTC (Voltage Transfer Characteristic) shows the relationship between input and output voltage in a CMOS...read more
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C, c++ python and simple aptitude

Q1. MOSFET working & types
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Q2. CMOS inverter and it's working
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A CMOS inverter is a type of digital logic gate that switches between high and low voltage levels.
• CMOS stands for Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor

• It consists of a PMOS (p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor) and NMOS (n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistor connected in series

• When the input is high, the PMOS transistor conducts and the output is low

• When the input is low, the NMOS transistor conducts and the outp...read more
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Q1. Behavioral question & hr question
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Q2. Hr discussion & salary discussion
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Q1. Introduction about ourselves
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Q1. Personal interview ( personality test )
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Q1. STA , setup and hold?
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Q1. Tell me about yourself
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Q2. Questions based on experience and projects
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Q1. Electronic related questions were asked PCB related
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