TCS Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Singleton design pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

• Create a private static instance of the class within the class itself.

• Provide a public static method to access the instance.

• Ensure the constructor is private to prevent instantiation from outside the class.

• Use lazy initialization to create the instance only when needed.

IoC (Inversion of Control) and DI (Dependency Injection) are design patterns used in software development to decouple components and improve maintainability.

• IoC is a design principle where the flow of control is inverted compared to traditional programming. It allows for better separation of concerns.

• DI is a technique where the dependencies of a component are provided externally rather than created within the component...read more

Collections store data while streaming processes data in a sequential manner. Streaming API improves performance by reducing memory usage and increasing efficiency.

• Collections store data in memory while streaming processes data in a sequential manner without storing it.

• Streaming API allows for lazy evaluation, meaning data is processed only when needed, reducing memory usage.

• Streaming API can improve performance by ena...read more

Lambda function is an anonymous function used for short tasks. Threads allow for concurrent execution in a program.

• Lambda function is a concise way to define small functions without a name.

• Threads allow multiple tasks to run concurrently in a program.

• Lambda functions are often used in functional programming and for callbacks.

• Threads can improve performance by utilizing multiple cores of a CPU.

• Example of lambda function...read more

CI/CD stands for Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment, a practice in software development to automate the process of testing and deploying code changes.

• CI/CD automates the process of integrating code changes from multiple developers into a shared repository.

• It includes automated testing to ensure that code changes do not break existing functionality.

• CI/CD also automates the deployment of code changes to product...read more

React Fiber is a complete rewrite of React's core algorithm for rendering UI components.

• React Fiber is designed to improve performance by allowing React to pause work and come back to it later.

• It enables features like async rendering, error boundaries, and more granular control over rendering priorities.

• Fiber reconciles the virtual DOM tree in a more incremental and interruptible way compared to the previous stack-base

React portal is a feature in React that allows rendering a child component into a different part of the DOM tree.

• Used for rendering a child component outside of its parent component's DOM hierarchy

• Helps in creating modals, tooltips, and other UI elements that need to break out of the parent's styling

• Maintains the component's state and lifecycle methods even when rendered in a different part of the DOM

Synthetic events in React are cross-browser wrappers around the browser's native events, providing consistent behavior.

• Synthetic events are used in React to handle events in a consistent manner across different browsers.

• They are created by React to wrap native browser events and provide additional functionality.

• Synthetic events have the same interface as native browser events but are normalized to work consistently acr