Sterling Check Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Tell me your project details
Ans. 
Developed a web application for online shopping with user authentication and payment gateway integration.
• Used React.js for front-end development

• Implemented user authentication using JWT tokens

• Integrated Stripe API for payment processing
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Q1. Oops concepts explained
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Q1. Optimization Techniques
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Optimization techniques are methods used to improve the efficiency and performance of software applications.
• Use of algorithms like dynamic programming and greedy algorithms

• Profiling and performance tuning to identify bottlenecks

• Code refactoring to improve readability and maintainability

• Utilizing caching and memoization for faster access to data

• Parallel processing and multi-threading for improved concurrency
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Q1. Basic JS related question
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Q2. Angular Basic + Advance Question
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Q1. Explain oops concepts
Ans. 
OOPs concepts are fundamental principles in object-oriented programming that help in organizing and designing code.
• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (class).

• Inheritance: Allowing a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Polymorphism: Ability of objects to take on multiple forms or behaviors.

• Abstraction: Hiding the complex implementation details and...read more
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Q2. Explain design patterns
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Design patterns are reusable solutions to common problems in software design.
• Design patterns help in creating flexible, maintainable, and scalable software.

• They provide a common language for developers to communicate about solutions.

• Examples include Singleton, Factory, Observer, and Strategy patterns.
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Q1. What is difference between the abstract class and interface
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Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.
• Abstract class can have constructor, fields, and methods, while interface cannot have any of these.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.

• Abstract classes are used to provide a common base for multiple classes, while interfaces define a contract that implementing
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Q1. What design pattern used in angular
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The design pattern commonly used in Angular is the Observer pattern.
• The Observer pattern is used to establish a one-to-many dependency between objects.

• In Angular, Observables are used to implement the Observer pattern for handling asynchronous data streams.

• Components in Angular often use Observables to subscribe to changes and react accordingly.
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Q1. Fundamentals and Basics of android, projects you are worked on.
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It was sort of pair programming where you will be told to implement some feature. Here they check your coding style, your approach and the architecture you follow.

Q1. Advanced android questions were asked and some scenario based questions.
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Q1. It was managerial round, most discussion were on my projects and past experience.
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Q1. About Insurance Domain Knowledge
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Q1. About shift / Working hrs / Salary
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Q1. What is the internal working of a hashmap?
Ans. 
A hashmap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses a hash function to map keys to their corresponding values.
• Hashmap uses a hash function to determine the index of the key-value pair in the underlying array.

• Collisions can occur when two keys hash to the same index, which is resolved using techniques like chaining or open addressing.

• Hashmap typically has an underlying array where each element is a linked...read more
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Q2. Design a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache.
Ans. 
LRU cache is a data structure that stores the most recently used items and removes the least recently used items when full.
• Use a doubly linked list to keep track of the order of items based on their usage.

• Use a hashmap to quickly access items in the cache.

• When an item is accessed, move it to the front of the linked list to mark it as the most recently used.
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Q1. What are the SOLID principles in software engineering?
Ans. 
SOLID principles are a set of five design principles in object-oriented programming to make software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable.
• Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) - A class should have only one reason to change.

• Open/Closed Principle (OCP) - Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.

• Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) - Objects of a superclass should be re...read more
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Q2. What design patterns have you worked with?
Ans. 
I have worked with design patterns such as Singleton, Factory, Observer, and Strategy.
• Singleton pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

• Factory pattern creates objects without specifying the exact class of object that will be created.

• Observer pattern defines a one-to-many dependency between objects so that when one object changes state, all its dependents are notified a...read more
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Q1. Pagination in SQL
Ans. 
Pagination in SQL allows for displaying a subset of query results at a time.
• Use LIMIT and OFFSET clauses in SQL queries to implement pagination.

• LIMIT specifies the maximum number of rows to return.

• OFFSET specifies the number of rows to skip before starting to return rows.
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Q2. OOPS concepts.. SOILD design principles
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Q3. Thread vs task in multiprocessing.. explain with examples
Ans. 
Threads and tasks are both used in multiprocessing, but have different characteristics and use cases.
• Threads are lightweight processes within a single process, sharing memory space. They are managed by the operating system.

• Tasks are units of work that can be executed asynchronously. They are typically managed by a task scheduler.

• Threads are suitable for parallel processing and improving performance, while tasks are use...read more
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Q4. ViewBag vs Tempdata in MVC
Ans. 
ViewBag is used to pass data from controller to view, while TempData is used to pass data between controller actions.
• ViewBag is a dynamic property that allows you to pass data from controller to view

• TempData is a dictionary object that allows you to pass data between controller actions

• ViewBag is not type-safe and requires typecasting, while TempData is type-safe

• ViewBag data is lost if redirection occurs, while TempData
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Q5. Abstract vs Interface
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Abstract classes can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interfaces can only have abstract methods.
• Abstract classes can have constructors, fields, and non-abstract methods.

• Interfaces can only have abstract methods and constants.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.
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