RWS Group Cloud Devops Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Round duration - 50 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round was primarily focused on AWS and its applications like why and how do we use its different features and all.

Q1. What are the different types of EC2 instances based on their costs?
Ans. 
Different types of EC2 instances based on costs include On-Demand Instances, Reserved Instances, and Spot Instances.
• On-Demand Instances: Pay for compute capacity by the hour or second with no long-term commitments.

• Reserved Instances: Reserved capacity for 1 or 3 years, offering significant discounts compared to On-Demand pricing.

• Spot Instances: Bid on spare Amazon EC2 computing capacity, often available at a fraction o
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Q2. What is Auto Scaling in AWS?
Ans. 
Auto Scaling in AWS is a feature that automatically adjusts the number of compute resources in response to changes in demand.
• Automatically adjusts the number of EC2 instances based on traffic or performance metrics

• Helps maintain application availability and reduce costs by scaling up or down as needed

• Can be configured to scale based on CPU utilization, network traffic, or custom metrics

• Example: Auto Scaling group can b...read more
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Q3. Can you explain Amazon EC2 in brief?
Ans. 
Amazon EC2 is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.
• Amazon EC2 stands for Elastic Compute Cloud

• It allows users to rent virtual servers on which to run their own applications

• Users can choose from a variety of instance types with different CPU, memory, storage, and networking capacities

• EC2 instances can be easily scaled up or down based on demand

• Users only pay for the compute capacity they a
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Q4. What is the use of lifecycle hooks in Auto Scaling?
Ans. 
Lifecycle hooks in Auto Scaling allow you to perform custom actions before instances launch or terminate.
• Lifecycle hooks can be used to pause the instance launch process to perform custom actions, such as bootstrapping or configuration setup.

• They can also be used to pause the instance termination process to allow for data backup or graceful shutdown.

• By using lifecycle hooks, you can ensure that your instances are prope...read more
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Round duration - 50 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round focused heavily on the fundamentals of Docker which was followed by some basic concepts from Git.

Q1. What are Docker images?
Ans. 
Docker images are lightweight, standalone, executable packages that contain everything needed to run a piece of software.
• Docker images are built from Dockerfiles, which specify the environment and dependencies needed for the software to run.

• Images can be stored in Docker registries like Docker Hub for easy sharing and distribution.

• Containers are created from Docker images and run as isolated processes on a host machine...read more
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Q2. What command can be run to import a pre-exported Docker image into another Docker host?
Ans. 
The command to import a pre-exported Docker image into another Docker host is 'docker load'.
• Use the 'docker load' command followed by the file path of the exported image to import it into the new Docker host.

• For example, 'docker load < exported_image.tar' will import the image from the file 'exported_image.tar'.
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Q3. What are Docker Namespaces?
Ans. 
Docker Namespaces are a feature in Docker that isolates containers from each other and the host system.
• Namespaces provide a way to isolate processes, network, and filesystem for containers.

• Examples of namespaces include PID (process IDs), NET (networking), and MNT (mount points).

• Each container runs in its own set of namespaces, providing a level of isolation and security.
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Q4. What is the difference between CMD and ENTRYPOINT in a Dockerfile?
Ans. 
CMD specifies the default command to run when a container is started, while ENTRYPOINT specifies the executable to run when the container starts.
• CMD can be overridden at runtime by passing arguments to docker run command

• ENTRYPOINT cannot be overridden at runtime, but arguments can be passed to it using docker run command

• CMD is often used for specifying the main application to run in the container

• ENTRYPOINT is commonly ...read more
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Q5. Can you describe the lifecycle of a Docker container?
Ans. 
The lifecycle of a Docker container involves creation, running, pausing, stopping, and deletion.
• Creation: Docker container is created from an image using 'docker run' command.

• Running: Container is started and runs the specified application or service.

• Pausing: Container can be paused using 'docker pause' command to temporarily stop its processes.

• Stopping: Container can be stopped using 'docker stop' command, which halts...read more
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Q6. When should you use Git rebase or Git merge?
Ans. 
Git rebase is used to maintain a linear project history, while Git merge is used to combine branches.
• Use Git rebase when you want to maintain a clean and linear project history.

• Use Git merge when you want to combine branches while preserving the commit history.

• Rebasing is useful for keeping feature branches up to date with the main branch.

• Merging is useful for integrating changes from multiple branches into a single br...read more
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Q7. What do you know about git stash?
Ans. 
Git stash is a command in Git that temporarily shelves changes you've made to your working directory.
• Git stash is used to save changes that are not ready to be committed yet.

• It allows you to switch branches without committing changes.

• You can apply the stashed changes later on using 'git stash apply'.

• You can list all stashed changes with 'git stash list'.

• You can remove stashed changes with 'git stash drop'.
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Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This was a typical HR round with some standard Behavioral questions.

Q1. Can you tell me something about yourself?
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Q1. How to do blue green deployment in kubernetes
Ans. 
Blue-green deployment in Kubernetes allows seamless updates with minimal downtime by switching traffic between two identical environments.
• Create two identical environments: 'blue' (current) and 'green' (new).

• Deploy the new version of the application to the 'green' environment.

• Use a Kubernetes Service to route traffic to the 'blue' environment initially.

• Switch the Service to point to the 'green' environment once testing...read more
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Q2. How to create volumes dynamically in kubernetes
Ans. 
Dynamically creating volumes in Kubernetes involves using Persistent Volume Claims (PVCs) and Storage Classes.
• Use a StorageClass to define the type of storage and its parameters.

• Create a Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) that requests storage from the StorageClass.

• Kubernetes will automatically provision a Persistent Volume (PV) based on the PVC.

• Example of a StorageClass definition: ```yaml apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1 kin...read more
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Q3. Difference between load balancer and Ingress
Ans. 
Load balancers distribute traffic across servers, while Ingress manages external access to services in Kubernetes.
• Load balancers operate at Layer 4 (Transport) or Layer 7 (Application) of the OSI model.

• Ingress is specific to Kubernetes and provides HTTP routing to services based on rules.

• Load balancers can be hardware-based (like F5) or software-based (like HAProxy).

• Ingress controllers can use various backends, such as...read more
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Q4. AWS 3 tier architecture with autoscalling, route 53, ALB, RDS..How to sync RDS DB in both region
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Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

It happens in very friendly manner.

Q1. 
Paths in a Matrix Problem Statement
Given an 'M x N' matrix, print all the possible paths from the top-left corner to the bottom-right corner. You can only move either right (from (i,j) to (i,j+1)) or dow...read more
Ans. 
Print all possible paths from top-left to bottom-right in a matrix by moving only right or down.
• Use backtracking to explore all possible paths from top-left to bottom-right in the matrix.

• At each cell, recursively explore moving right and down until reaching the bottom-right corner.

• Keep track of the current path and add it to the result when reaching the destination.
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Q2. Can you create 2 tables in SQL and perform different operations on them?
Ans. 
Yes, I can create 2 tables in SQL and perform operations like INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, and DELETE.
• Create Table 1: CREATE TABLE employees (id INT, name VARCHAR(50), salary DECIMAL(10,2));

• Create Table 2: CREATE TABLE departments (dept_id INT, dept_name VARCHAR(50));

• Insert Data: INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 50000);

• Select Data: SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > 40000;

• Update Data: UPDATE employees SET...read more
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Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

No problem occur very friendly environment.

Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard

Q1. 
Rat in a Maze Problem Statement
You need to determine all possible paths for a rat starting at position (0, 0) in a square maze to reach its destination at (N-1, N-1). The maze is represented as an N*N ma...read more
Ans. 
Find all possible paths for a rat in a maze from source to destination.
• Use backtracking to explore all possible paths in the maze.

• Keep track of visited cells to avoid revisiting them.

• Explore all possible directions (up, down, left, right) from each cell.

• Add the current direction to the path and recursively explore further.

• If the destination is reached, add the path to the list of valid paths.
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Had DSA and aptitude questions

Q1. DSA a questions, Database Questions
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Q1. 5 min question and answers about company
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