PwC Automation Test Lead Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Briefing about yourself
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Q2. Explain Defect life cycle
Ans. 
Defect life cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, fixing, retesting, and closing defects in software development.
• Defect identification: Defects are identified through testing or user feedback.

• Defect reporting: Defects are reported in a defect tracking tool with details like steps to reproduce, severity, and priority.

• Defect fixing: Developers fix the reported defects based on the information provided.

• Defect re...read more
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Q3. Difference between black box and white box testing
Ans. 
Black box testing focuses on functionality without knowledge of internal code, while white box testing examines internal code structure.
• Black box testing tests the functionality of a system without knowledge of its internal code

• White box testing tests the internal code structure and logic of a system

• Black box testing is more focused on end-user perspective

• White box testing is more focused on developer perspective

• Exampl...read more
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Q4. Difference between hard assert and soft assert
Ans. 
Hard assert stops the execution of the test case if it fails, while soft assert continues the execution and logs the failure.
• Hard assert is used when the failure of a particular step makes the further steps irrelevant.

• Soft assert is used when you want to continue with the test case execution even if some steps fail.

• Hard assert is implemented using 'assert' keyword in testing frameworks like TestNG or JUnit.

• Soft assert ...read more
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Q5. What are the various annotations in selenium webdriver
Ans. 
Annotations in Selenium WebDriver are used to provide additional information about the test methods.
• Annotations help in organizing and managing test cases

• Some common annotations in Selenium WebDriver are @Test, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass, @BeforeMethod, @AfterMethod

• Annotations are used to define the sequence of execution of test methods
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Q6. There are n no. Of links having the text selenium. Write the syntax to count the text selenium from all the links
Ans. 
Use XPath to count the number of links with the text 'selenium'
• Use XPath to locate all the links containing the text 'selenium'

• Count the number of links found using the XPath expression
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Q7. There is a table of students having column status with either pass or fail. Write the syntax to show the output as some 60 pass and 40 fail.
Ans. 
Use SQL query to display 60 pass and 40 fail from a table of students.
• Use SELECT statement with COUNT function to count the number of pass and fail statuses.

• Use WHERE clause to filter out pass and fail statuses.

• Use GROUP BY clause to group the statuses together.

• Use CASE statement to display the count of pass and fail statuses.
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round started with some basic questions from Software Testing and then the interviewer started asking some questions from Automation Testing.

Q1. Software Testing Question
Explain STLC.
Ans. 
STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle) is a fundamental part of SDLC which is used to test software and ensure that the
quality standards are met. It generally involves both verification activities and validation activities. In this, different
activities are executed in a specific order throughout the software testing process. There are basically six different
phases in STLC. They are as follows :

1) Requirement Analysis
2) Tes...read more
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Q2. Software Testing Question
Write the difference between Test Stub and Test Driver.
Ans. 
Test driver and test stub, both are types of test harness that are used to provide a simulation environment for testing
a module or component. They both are dummy modules specially created for test purposes.

Test stubs: Test stubs are used in a top-down testing approach and allow testing of the upper levels of the code when
the lower levels of the code are not developed yet. It is used as ‘called programs’ when subprogram...read more
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Q3. Software Testing Question
What do you mean by Data flow testing?
Ans. 
Data flow testing is a type of structural testing that is used to analyze the flow of data in the program. In this, a
programmer can perform various tests on data values and variables. Using this testing, one can determine the
variables that are used at every stage of the program’s control flow. It helps us in the following ways:

1) Eliminate or remove variables that are never used after being declared
2) Pinpoint variable...read more
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Q4. Software Testing Question
What is boundary value analysis?
Ans. 
In software, many errors occur near the edges of the range of the data values. For example, when the programmer
uses the greater-than operator (>) instead of the greater-than-or-equal-to (>=) operator, it causes the off-by-one
indexing error.

Typically, developers miss these boundary cases because they follow a happy path when developing and testing.
Boundary value analysis helps to discover the errors caused by extr...read more
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Q5. Automation Testing Question
What are the different parts of a test automation framework?
Ans. 
A test automation framework makes it easy to perform automation testing for your software. Here are some
components of a test automation framework.

1) Test Data Management :
i) A big problem in automation testing is generating the test data. A good test automation framework makes it easy to
build test data for the application under test.


2) Testing Libraries :
i) Managing and running the automated tests is a crucial componen...read more
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Q6. Automation Testing Question
What are some of the best practices in test automation?
Ans. 
Here are some of the best practices a software development and the testing team should use to ensure quality software.

1) Decide what to automate :
i) It’s not possible or practical to automate certain tests, such as usability, accessibility, exploratory testing, or non-
repetitive test cases that frequently change.


2) Assign test cases based on skill and experience :
i) When dividing test cases, take into account the skill...read more
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Q7. Automation Testing Question
How do you automate the testing of CAPTCHA?
Ans. 
It’s not possible to automate the testing of CAPTCHA. That is the goal behind any good CAPTCHA strategy. By
definition, a computer can’t automate it. If it could, then it’s not a good challenge that you can use in your application.

However, if you need to test an application that uses CAPTCHA, you have to work with the development team to
build a workaround or a back door that allows the automated test to bypass the CAPTC...read more
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Q8. Automation Testing Question
What is Protractor?
Ans. 
1) Protractor is an open-source automated testing framework that allows you to perform end-to-end testing of your web
applications. It’s built on top of WebDriverJS. 

2) Protractor is developed by Google and is especially used for testing Angular applications.

3) Protractor runs the tests against the web application by running it in real web browsers. 

4) It also interacts with the application like an end-user wo...read more
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round had questions majorly from Selenium and Cucumber.

Q1. Selenium Question
What are the different components of Selenium?
Ans. 
Selenium is not a single tool or a framework. It is a suite of tools that work with each other or in isolation to provide
different types of automation testing. Here are the four major components of Selenium.

1) Selenium WebDriver
i) A collection of open-source APIs and browser-controlling code implementations that provide a concise and
straightforward programming interface.

2) Selenium Grid
i) It enables the tester to run m...read more
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Q2. Selenium Question
Why should Selenium be selected as a testing tool for web applications or systems?
Ans. 
Selenium provides the following advantages, which make it an excellent automated testing framework :

1) It is free and open-source software with a large user base and supports providing community.

2) It has cross-browser compatibility and supports multiple browsers like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet
Explorer, Edge, Opera, Safari, etc.

3) It supports multiple operating systems such as Windows, Linux, macOS, etc.

4...read more
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Q3. Selenium Question
What is meant by XPath in Selenium. Explain XPath Absolute and XPath Relative.
Ans. 
XPath, also defined as XML-Path (Extensible Markup Language Path), is a language used to query XML documents
and provide functionalities like locating elements in Selenium by iterating through each element in a webpage. In
XPath, data is stored in a key-value pair format similar to an HTML tag. It uses a single slash, i.e. ‘ / ’ for creating an
absolute path, and a double slash, i.e. ‘ // ’ for creating a relative path fo
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Q4. Selenium Question
Difference between Selenium and Cucumber.
Ans. 
Open-source testing tools, Selenium and Cucumber are both used for functional testing. However, there are some
distinctions between them.

Here are some key distinctions between Selenium and Cucumber :

1) Cucumber is a behavior-driven development automation tool that may be used with Selenium. Selenium is a web
browser automation tool for web projects (or Appium).

2) Cucumber is used for acceptance testing, while Selenium is...read more
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Q5. Selenium Question
Explain what are the JUnits annotation linked with Selenium?
Ans. 
The JUnits annotation linked with Selenium are :

1) @Before public void method() – It will perform the method () before each test, this method can prepare the test
2) @Test public void method() – Annotations @Test identifies that this method is a test method environment
3) @After public void method() - To execute a method before this annotation is used, test method must start with
test @Before
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Q6. Cucumber Question
How can you run a selected test from a group of tests in Cucumber?
Ans. 
1) We may execute a single test from a set of tests in the Cucumber framework using the tags idea. 

2) This is found in the TestRunner file's @CucumberOptions section. With the use of the @t keyword, we may tag a scenario in the feature file. 

3) A scenario can have one or more tags within the feature file. We can separate test scenarios with the
assistance of tagging. 

4) We must pass the value within the t...read more
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Q7. Cucumber Question
What is grouping in the context of Cucumber?
Ans. 
Cucumber is unconcerned about the names of your step definition files or the order in which you place them. Instead
of maintaining all steps in a single file, we can create steps.rb file for each major action/feature. This is referred to as
grouping.
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Q8. BDD Question
Explain briefly how Behavioral Driven Development(BDD) works?
Ans. 
There are majorly three steps in the working of BDD. They are as follows:-

1) Behaviour Description: We list down the features of our application first in the feature file.

2) Making the Step Definition file: The mapping between each step of the scenario defined in the feature file and a
code of the function to be executed is stored in the steps definition file.

3) Testing and running: We run the test cases to check if we ...read more
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Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This is a cultural fitment testing round. HR was very frank and asked standard questions. Then we discussed about my
role.

Q1. Basic HR Question
Why should we hire you ?
Ans. 
Tip 1 : The cross questioning can go intense some time, think before you speak.

Tip 2 : Be open minded and answer whatever you are thinking, in these rounds I feel it is important to have opinion.

Tip 3 : Context of questions can be switched, pay attention to the details. It is okay to ask questions in these round,
like what are the projects currently the company is investing, which team you are mentoring. How all is the ...read more
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Q2. Basic HR Question
Tell me something not there in your resume.
Ans. 
If you get this question, it's an opportunity to choose the most compelling information to share that is not obvious from
your resume.

Example :

Strength -> I believe that my greatest strength is the ability to solve problems quickly and efficiently, which makes me
unique from others.

Ability to handle Pressure -> I enjoy working under pressure because I believe it helps me grow and become more
efficient.


Tip : Emphasiz...read more
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Q1. Write a java code to print sum of 100 numbers
Ans. 
Java code to print sum of 100 numbers
• Create an array of 100 numbers

• Use a loop to iterate through the array and calculate the sum

• Print the sum at the end
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Q2. Write a count of K char in your name
Ans. 
My name is John Doe. There are 1 'o' in my name.
• Count the occurrences of the specified character in the name

• Iterate through each character in the name and compare with the specified character

• Increment a counter each time the specified character is found
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Q3. How to move to another tabs in selenium
Ans. 
To move to another tab in Selenium, switch to the desired tab using window handles.
• Use getWindowHandles() to get all window handles

• Switch to the desired tab using switchTo().window(handle)
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Q1. Most of questions asked on selenium and WJP for duplicates in a string
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Q1. Automate a test case for Makemytrip website
Ans. 
Automate a test case for Makemytrip website
• Use Selenium WebDriver to automate the test case

• Identify the test scenario, such as searching for a flight

• Write test scripts in a programming language like Java or Python

• Use test data to validate the functionality of the website

• Implement assertions to verify expected outcomes
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Find a middle element and largest element from an array using hashmap.

Q1. Locatord in selenium
Ans. 
Locator in Selenium is used to identify web elements on a web page.
• Locators are used to find and interact with elements on a web page.

• Common locators include ID, name, class name, tag name, link text, and partial link text.

• XPath and CSS selectors are also commonly used locators in Selenium.

• Example: driver.findElement(By.id("username"));
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Q2. ID,linktexr,lass name,xpath,css selector
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Q3. Action class in selenium
Ans. 
Action class in Selenium is used to perform complex user interactions like drag and drop, double click, etc.
• Action class is part of the Selenium WebDriver API

• It is used to perform advanced user interactions like drag and drop, double click, etc.

• Actions class is instantiated by creating an object of Actions class and passing the WebDriver instance as a parameter

• Actions class methods include moveToElement, click, context
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Q4. Used for mouse and keyboard actions
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Q5. Select class in selenium
Ans. 
In Selenium, the Select class is used to work with dropdown elements on a web page.
• The Select class is part of the org.openqa.selenium.support.ui package

• It provides methods to interact with dropdown elements such as selecting options by visible text, value, or index

• To use the Select class, you first need to locate the dropdown element using a locator like ID, name, or class name
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Q6. Used to handle dropdowns
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Q7. Waits in selenium
Ans. 
Waits in Selenium are used to synchronize the test execution with the application's behavior.
• Waits help in handling synchronization issues between test scripts and web elements

• Types of waits in Selenium include Implicit Wait, Explicit Wait, and Fluent Wait

• Example: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("elementID")));
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Q8. Explicit,implicit,fluent waits def
Ans. 
Explicit, implicit, and fluent waits are different types of waits used in automation testing to handle synchronization issues.
• Explicit wait is used to wait for a certain condition to be met before proceeding with the test execution. It is defined by the tester in the code.

• Implicit wait is used to wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception if the element is not found. It is defined globally for the e...read more
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Q9. What kind of reports
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Q10. Testng reports have been used
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Q1. Introduce your self.
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Q2. Why does def keyword used in selenium
Ans. 
The def keyword is used in Selenium to define a function or method.
• Used to define reusable code blocks

• Helps in organizing code and improving readability

• Allows for easier maintenance and updates

• Example: def login(username, password) { //code to login }
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Q3. What is POM model
Ans. 
POM (Page Object Model) is a design pattern used in test automation to create reusable and maintainable code by separating page objects from test scripts.
• POM helps in improving test script readability and maintenance by keeping the page objects separate from test logic

• Each page in the application has its own corresponding page object class, which contains all the elements and methods related to that page

• Test scripts in...read more
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Q4. How to handle dynamic table element
Ans. 
Dynamic table elements can be handled by locating the table, identifying the rows and columns, and using appropriate methods to interact with the data.
• Locate the table element using a unique identifier such as class, id, or xpath

• Identify the rows and columns within the table using HTML tags like and

• Use methods like getText() or getAttribute() to retrieve data from the table cells

• Handle dynamic changes in the table by...read more
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