40+ Interview Questions and Answers

Reciprocating compressor 1st stage pressure increase - reason and troubleshooting

• Possible reasons: clogged suction filter, worn out piston rings, valve failure, incorrect valve timing, inadequate lubrication

• Troubleshooting steps: check suction filter, inspect piston rings and valves, adjust valve timing, ensure proper lubrication

• If issue persists, consult manufacturer's manual or seek professional help

Technical bid evaluation of special components requires attention to key points.

• Ensure compliance with project specifications and standards

• Verify material and manufacturing quality

• Evaluate supplier's experience and reputation

• Assess delivery schedule and logistics

• Consider cost and value for money

• Review documentation and certifications

• Perform technical analysis and simulations

• Identify potential risks and mitigation measures

Various sensors used in oil and gas industries include pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, level sensors, and gas detectors.

• Pressure sensors - used to measure pressure in pipelines and equipment.

• Temperature sensors - monitor temperature levels in various processes.

• Flow sensors - measure the flow rate of liquids or gases in pipelines.

• Level sensors - detect the level of liquids in tanks or vessels.

• Gas detectors - used to detect the presence of harmful gases in ...read more

Stress critical line list is prepared by identifying lines that are critical for the safe operation of the plant.

• Identify lines that carry hazardous fluids or operate at high temperatures/pressures

• Determine the consequences of failure for each line

• Consider the location of the line and its accessibility for maintenance

• Prioritize the lines based on their criticality and assign appropriate stress limits

• Update the list regularly to reflect changes in the plant design or operating...read more

Different types of pumps and their parts with sectional drawings.

• Centrifugal pumps have impellers, volutes, and shafts.

• Positive displacement pumps have gears, lobes, and vanes.

• Diaphragm pumps have diaphragms, check valves, and ball valves.

• Sectional drawings show the internal parts of a pump.

• Pumps can be classified based on their application, such as water pumps, fuel pumps, and chemical pumps.

Piping stress engineers ensure that piping systems are designed and installed correctly to prevent failure and ensure safety.

• Perform stress analysis on piping systems to ensure they can withstand expected loads and pressures

• Collaborate with other engineers and designers to ensure piping systems are properly integrated into overall project design

• Review and approve piping specifications and drawings

• Provide guidance on material selection and fabrication techniques

• Monitor and tro...read more

Bellow, spring and strut specs are made by considering the design requirements and selecting appropriate materials and dimensions.

• Understand the design requirements and operating conditions

• Select appropriate materials based on temperature, pressure, and corrosion resistance

• Determine the dimensions and geometry of the components

• Consider factors such as fatigue life, vibration, and thermal expansion

• Ensure compliance with relevant codes and standards

• Perform analysis and testing ...read more

DBS in coupling refers to the distance between the two shafts.

• DBS stands for Distance Between Shafts.

• It is the distance between the two shafts in a coupling.

• It is an important parameter to consider while selecting a coupling.

• The DBS value is usually provided by the coupling manufacturer.

• It helps in ensuring proper alignment and avoiding misalignment issues.

No, seismic load is not only calculated in vertical direction.

• Seismic load is calculated in all three directions - vertical, horizontal and torsional.

• The seismic load in the vertical direction is usually smaller than the horizontal direction.

• The seismic load is calculated based on the seismic zone, soil type, building height, and other factors.

• The seismic load is important to consider in the design of structures to ensure their safety during earthquakes.

Level sensor, flow sensor, and temperature sensor are devices used to measure different physical parameters in various industries.

• Level sensor measures the level of a substance in a container or tank, such as liquid level sensors in water tanks.

• Flow sensor measures the flow rate of a fluid, like a flow meter in a pipeline.

• Temperature sensor measures the temperature of a system or environment, for example, a thermocouple in a furnace.

Delta D on steam line can be monitored using differential pressure transmitter.

• Install a differential pressure transmitter across the steam line.

• Calibrate the transmitter to measure the pressure difference between two points.

• Convert the pressure difference to delta D using the known properties of the fluid.

• Monitor the delta D reading regularly to detect any changes in the steam line.

• Take corrective actions if the delta D reading exceeds the acceptable limit.

A drawing is a visual representation of an object or system, while loop checking is a process of verifying the functionality of control loops.

• A drawing is a graphical representation of an object, system, or process, often created using computer-aided design (CAD) software.

• Drawings provide detailed information about the dimensions, components, and connections of the object or system.

• Loop checking is a procedure performed during the commissioning phase of a control system to en...read more

Digital Electronics is a branch of electronics that deals with digital signals and systems.

• Deals with digital signals (0s and 1s)

• Involves logic gates, flip-flops, and digital circuits

• Used in computers, calculators, digital watches, etc.

• Binary arithmetic and Boolean algebra are fundamental concepts

The wind load calculation formula as per Indian Standard is given in IS 875 Part 3.

• The formula takes into account the wind speed, building height, terrain category, and importance factor.

• The basic wind speed is determined based on the location of the building.

• The terrain category is classified as either I, II, III, or IV depending on the roughness of the surrounding area.

• The importance factor is based on the function of the building and its consequences in case of failure.

• The...read more

Pressure drop criteria for liquid and vapor phases are essential for accurate hydraulic calculations.

• Pressure drop criteria for liquid phase typically range from 0.5-2 psi per 100 feet of pipe length.

• Pressure drop criteria for vapor phase can vary depending on the specific application and design parameters.

• Factors such as flow rate, pipe diameter, fluid properties, and equipment specifications must be considered when determining pressure drop criteria.

• Pressure drop criteria a...read more

P, PI, PID are types of controllers used in process control to regulate the output based on the input.

• P stands for Proportional controller, which adjusts the output based on the error signal.

• PI stands for Proportional-Integral controller, which not only adjusts based on error signal but also integrates the error over time.

• PID stands for Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller, which adjusts based on error signal, integrates error over time, and also considers the rate of ...read more

Saturated steam is steam that is in equilibrium with liquid water at the same temperature and pressure.

• Saturated steam is commonly used in industrial processes for heating and sterilization.

• It is often produced by boiling water in a closed vessel, such as a boiler.

• Saturated steam has a high heat content and can transfer heat efficiently.

• It is important to control the quality of saturated steam to prevent damage to equipment and ensure safety.

• Saturated steam is often used in p...read more

Alignment of pump and driver coupling is crucial for efficient operation and to prevent damage.

• Proper alignment ensures smooth power transmission between the pump and driver.

• Misalignment can lead to excessive vibration, premature wear, and reduced efficiency.

• Alignment can be achieved through various methods such as laser alignment or dial indicators.

• Alignment should be checked regularly and adjusted if necessary.

• Example: Using laser alignment tools to align the pump and drive...read more

Flange leakage can be detected by visual inspection, pressure testing, or using ultrasonic or acoustic emission techniques.

• Visual inspection involves checking for signs of leakage such as stains or discoloration around the flange.

• Pressure testing involves pressurizing the system and checking for any drop in pressure over time.

• Ultrasonic or acoustic emission techniques involve using sensors to detect any sound or vibration caused by the leakage.

• The method used depends on the t...read more

To rule a project effectively, a construction manager must establish clear goals, communicate effectively, manage resources efficiently, and adapt to changes.

• Establish clear project goals and objectives

• Communicate effectively with team members, stakeholders, and clients

• Manage resources efficiently to stay within budget and timeline

• Adapt to changes and challenges that may arise during the project

• Delegate tasks appropriately to team members based on their strengths and skills

HAZOP stands for Hazard and Operability Study, while HAZID stands for Hazard Identification.

• HAZOP is a systematic method to identify potential hazards and operability issues in a process plant.

• HAZID is a process used to identify hazards in a facility or operation before they become accidents.

• Both HAZOP and HAZID are important tools in risk assessment and management in engineering projects.

Manual calculation of structural members involves using mathematical equations to determine the strength and stability of a structure.

• Manual calculations require a thorough understanding of structural mechanics and material properties

• Calculations may involve determining loads, stresses, and deflections

• Examples of manual calculations include determining the size of beams and columns, and designing connections between structural members

Compressor startup procedures involve several steps to ensure safe and efficient operation.

• Check oil levels and pressure

• Inspect for leaks and damage

• Open suction and discharge valves

• Start motor and monitor for abnormal vibrations or sounds

• Gradually increase speed and monitor pressure and temperature

• Close bypass valve once operating conditions are stable

Transformers are rated in kVA because it indicates the maximum amount of power that can be safely handled by the transformer.

• kVA rating is used to determine the maximum load that a transformer can handle without overheating.

• It takes into account both the voltage and current ratings of the transformer.

• kVA rating helps in selecting the right size of transformer for a specific application.

• For example, a 100 kVA transformer can handle a maximum load of 100,000 volt-amperes.

• kVA ra...read more

I have experience in commissioning and operating various types of plants.

• I have worked with oil and gas plants, chemical plants, and power plants.

• I am familiar with the process of pre-commissioning, commissioning, and start-up of plants.

• I have experience in troubleshooting and resolving issues during plant operations.

• I am knowledgeable in safety procedures and regulations in plant operations.

• I have worked with various types of equipment such as pumps, compressors, and turbine...read more

Pulling cable requires proper planning, equipment, and safety measures.

• Ensure the cable is properly labeled and identified before pulling.

• Use appropriate equipment such as cable pullers, lubricants, and pulling grips.

• Plan the route and ensure there are no obstacles or sharp bends that could damage the cable.

• Ensure proper safety measures are in place, such as wearing personal protective equipment and securing the area.

• Communicate effectively with the team to ensure everyone is...read more

These are likely measurements of distance or size. More context is needed to provide a specific answer.

• Need more information to provide a specific answer

• Could be related to nanotechnology or semiconductor manufacturing

• May be referring to tolerances or specifications for a particular product or process

Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards are guidelines and specifications used in engineering projects for Saudi Aramco.

• Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards cover various aspects of engineering design, materials, construction, and operation.

• These standards ensure consistency, quality, and safety in all engineering projects undertaken by Saudi Aramco.

• Examples of areas covered by the standards include piping design, electrical systems, instrumentation, and civil engineering.

• Compliance...read more

Accepted values of vibration depend on the specific industry and application.

• Accepted values of vibration vary depending on the industry and application.

• In the automotive industry, acceptable vibration levels for vehicles may be specified by manufacturers.

• In the construction industry, acceptable vibration levels for heavy machinery may be regulated by safety standards.

• In the aerospace industry, acceptable vibration levels for aircraft components may be determined through test...read more

Equipment preservation can be achieved through proper maintenance and storage.

• Regular cleaning and inspection of equipment

• Proper lubrication and calibration

• Storing equipment in a dry and cool environment

• Using protective covers or cases

• Implementing a preventative maintenance schedule

• Training staff on proper handling and care of equipment

Instrumentation is the science and art of measurement and control of process variables within a production or manufacturing setting.

• Instrumentation involves the use of sensors, transmitters, controllers, and final control elements to monitor and regulate process variables such as temperature, pressure, flow, and level.

• It plays a crucial role in ensuring the efficiency, safety, and quality of industrial processes.

• Examples of instrumentation include pressure gauges, temperature...read more

Safe practices in design involve considering potential hazards, following regulations, and prioritizing safety.

• Identify potential hazards in the design process

• Follow industry regulations and standards for safety

• Prioritize safety over cost or convenience

• Regularly review and update safety protocols

• Include safety features in the design, such as emergency shut-off valves

• Consider environmental impact and sustainability in design decisions

Quality of deliverables is crucial for successful project completion.

• Ensuring accuracy and completeness of drawings and documents

• Adhering to project specifications and standards

• Regularly reviewing and revising deliverables to meet client requirements

• Seeking feedback from stakeholders to improve quality

• Using software tools effectively to enhance deliverables

• Maintaining clear communication with team members for consistency

I&C concepts refer to instrumentation and control systems used in various industries to monitor and control processes.

• I&C systems involve sensors, transmitters, controllers, and final control elements.

• They are used to measure variables such as temperature, pressure, flow, and level.

• Control systems use feedback loops to adjust process variables and maintain desired setpoints.

• Examples include PLCs, DCS, SCADA systems, and control valves.

• I&C engineers design, install, and mainta...read more