Modak Analytics Software Development Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Maximal rectangal
Ans. 
Find the largest rectangle containing only 1s in a binary matrix.
• Use dynamic programming to track heights of consecutive 1s.

• For each row, treat it as a histogram and calculate the maximal rectangle.

• Utilize a stack to efficiently compute the largest rectangle in a histogram.

• Example: For a matrix [[0,1,1],[1,1,0],[1,1,1]], the largest rectangle has area 4.
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Q2. Loop in linked list
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Loop in linked list is a situation where a node points to a previous node in the list, creating an infinite loop.
• Check for loops using Floyd's cycle detection algorithm

• Use two pointers, one moving twice as fast as the other, to detect a loop

• If the fast pointer catches up to the slow pointer, there is a loop
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Q1. Basic hr question regarding your project and all
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Q2. He was more interested in what is my thinking pattern
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Q1. Technical interviews was very easy techijcal interviews was very easy very easy very easy
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Q2. Interviews was conducted in advance of a news conference in the United Kingdom and the European government on Tuesday
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Q1. Valid parentheses
Ans. 
Valid parentheses check ensures every opening bracket has a corresponding closing bracket in the correct order.
• Use a stack to track opening parentheses. Example: '(()' -> push '(', push '(', pop ')' -> stack: ['(']

• For each closing parenthesis, check if the stack is not empty and matches the last opened. Example: '()' -> valid.

• An empty stack at the end indicates all parentheses were matched. Example: '(()())' -...read more
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Q2. Currying with arrow function
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Currying is a technique in functional programming where a function with multiple arguments is transformed into a sequence of nested functions, each taking a single argument.
• Currying can be achieved using arrow functions in JavaScript.

• Arrow functions automatically bind 'this' and do not have their own 'this' value.

• Example: const add = a => b => a + b;

• Example: const addFive = add(5); const result = addFive(3); // result ...read more
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Q1. DFS related problem
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Q2. Machine coding round
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Q1. DSA Next Greater element 2 Cycle in Linked List and if cycle remove it Best time to buy and sell stocks Coin Change
Ans. 
Key DSA problems: Next Greater Element, Cycle in Linked List, Stock Trading, and Coin Change.
• Next Greater Element: Find the next greater number for each element in an array. Example: For [4, 5, 2, 10], result is [5, 10, 10, -1].

• Cycle in Linked List: Detect and remove a cycle using Floyd's Tortoise and Hare algorithm. If a cycle exists, find the start and remove it.

• Best Time to Buy and Sell Stocks: Maximize profit by fi...read more
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Q2. Pyspark Optimisation techniques Wide and Narrow Transportmations Application Master
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Q3. SQL Top 3 salaries per department Total working hours for an employee
Ans. 
Retrieve the top 3 salaries from each department and calculate total working hours for each employee using SQL queries.
• Use the ROW_NUMBER() function to rank salaries within each department: SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY department_id ORDER BY salary DESC) AS rank FROM employees.

• Filter the results to get only the top 3 salaries: WHERE rank <= 3.

• To calculate total working hours, use SUM() function: SELECT ...read more
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Q1. System Design and hr principles
Ans. 
System design involves creating a high-level architecture of a software system, while HR principles focus on managing people effectively.
• System design involves identifying components, defining their interactions, and ensuring scalability and reliability.

• HR principles include hiring the right talent, providing training and development opportunities, and fostering a positive work culture.

• Both system design and HR princip...read more
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Q2. Projects discussion
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Two coding questions, one is easy and the other is difficult. Who solved 2nd question was shortlisted for an interview.

Q1. Introduce yourself—questions from OS, DBMS, DSA, Project, and one coding problem.
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